Transcript Presentation - LOEX Annual Conference

Using the Learning Cycle in Library
Instruction to Engage Students
Marcia Rapchak
Instruction Librarian
Gumberg Library
Duquesne University
LOEX, Columbus, OH
May 5th, 2012
What We’ll Cover
 Learning Style Self-Assessment (Kolb’s LSI – sort of)
 Introduction to the Learning Cycle and Learning
Styles
 Discussion of Learning Style Limitations
 Example Lesson Plan Using the Learning Cycle
 Advantages and Disadvantages of Integrating the
Learning Cycle into a Lesson Plan
 Q&A
Learning Style Self-Assessment
Learning Style Self-Assessment
Total: CE___ RO___ AC___ AE___
your top two?
What are
If Total: CE 20 RO 12 AC 12 AE 6 = 2 pairs CE/RO and
CE/AC
If Total: CE 18 RO 18 AC 10 AE 4 = 2 pairs CE/AC and
RO/AC
Learning Stages (Kolb, 1984)
 Concrete Experience
 Reflective Observation
 Abstract Conceptualization
 Active Experimentation
Learning Stages: Concrete
Experience
Source: FEMA
Learning Stages: Reflective
Observation
Escher’s “Hand with Reflecting Sphere”
Source: National Gallery of Art
Learning Stages: Abstract
Conceptualization
Arnold Sommerfield’s Atomic Model
Source: Atombau und Spektrallinien
Learning Stages: Active
Experimentation
Source: Tamoshaa2012 (from Wikimedia Commons
under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
Unported licensing)
Learning Styles (Kolb, 1984)
 Converger
 Diverger
 Assimilator
 Accommodator
Converger = AC + AE
Likes
 Thinking and doing
 Problem-solving (technical)
 Results-focused activities
Dislikes
 Discussion
 Group work
 Touchy-feely stuff
Diverger = CE + RO
Likes
 Brainstorming
 Using their imagination
 Concrete examples
 Discussion
Dislikes
 Traditional lectures
 “One-answer” tests
Assimilator = AC + RO
Likes
 Big ideas and theories
 Order and logic
 Lists, clear ppts, and lectures
 Critiquing and planning
Dislikes
 Group work
 Messy, unplanned activities
Source: Wikimedia Commons
(author unknown)
Accommodator = AE + CE
Likes
 Learning by doing
 Creativity and risk-taking
 New experiences
 Group work
Dislikes
 Lectures
 Following directions
Source: Maximilianklein (from
Wikimedia Commons under the
Creative Commons Attribution-Share
Alike 3.0 Unported license.)
Learning Styles
Disadvantages
Advantages
 Discover your likes /
dislikes
 Awarness
 Test not very reliable
(Coffield, Moseley, Hall, &
Ecclestone, 2004)
 Learning styles change
 Discovering / teaching to
learning style does not
create learning (Pashler,
McDaniel, Rohrer, and Bjork,
2008)
The Learning Cycle
Accomodator
Diverger
Converger
Assimilator
Source: Don Clark, 2011
How the Brain Learns
Zull’s Model Comparing Experiential Learning and
Regions of the Brain
Source: Zull, 2002
Using Kolb’s Learning Cycle in Library
Instruction
Evaluating Sources Lesson Plan
• Used in writing, communication, and
information literacy courses
• Associated with a project or paper
• Students bring in possible sources (1-3)
Concrete Experience
Reflective Observation
Abstract Conceptualization
Groups share responses
Use
Don’t Use
Published in 2012
Published in 1987
Author has a Ph.D.
Anonymous author
Abstract Conceptualization, Cont.
Students come up with terms for each row and any
other evaluation terms
Term
Use
Don’t Use
Newness
Published in 2012
Published in 1987
Expert-supported
Author has a Ph.D.
Anonymous
author
Abstract Conceptualization, Cont.
Term
Use
Don’t Use
Currency
Published in 2012
Published in 1987
Authority
Author has a Ph.D.
Anonymous
author
Relevancy
Objectivity, etc.
Active Experimentation
Learning Cycle
Advantages
 Aids in planning
 Covers all learning preferences
 Matches how the brain learns
(Duman, 2010; Zull, 2006).
 Includes active learning (but
also)
 Allows some “traditional”
instruction (Kirschner, Sweller,
& Clark, 2006)
 Forces a focus
 Emphasizes process
Disadvantages
 Time consuming (Frierson,
2010)
 Can be “risky”
 Not all learning works with
learning cycle
Tips
Contact Info
Marcia Rapchak
Instruction Librarian
Gumberg Library
Duquesne University
[email protected]
References and Further Reading
Bodi, S. (1990). Teaching effectiveness and bibliographic instruction: The relevance of learning styles. College & Research Libraries, 51(2), 113-119.
Clark, D. R. (2011). Kolb's learning styles and Experiential Learning Model. Retrieved April 23, 2012 from http://nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leader.html
Coffield, F., Moseley, D., Hall, E., & Ecclestone, K. (2004). Learning styles and pedagogy in post-16 learning: A systematic and critical review. London:
Learning & Skills Research Centre. Retrieved March 21st from http://www.LSRC.ac.uk
Duman, B. (2010). The effects of brain-based learning on the academic achievement of students with different learning styles. Educational Sciences: Theory and
Practice, 10(4), 077-2103. Retrieved from http://www.edam.com.tr/kuyeb/en/default.asp
Frierson, E. (2010). Making it their idea: The Learning Cycle in library instruction. In The Library with the Lead Pipe, 1-6. Retrieved from
http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2010/making-it-their-idea-the-learning-cycle-in-library-instruction/
Kirschner, P. A., Sweller, J., & Clark, R. E. (2006). Why minimal guidance during instruction does not work: An analysis of the failure of constructivist, discovery,
problem-based, experiential, and inquiry-based teaching. Educational Psychologist, 41(2), 75-86. doi:10.1207/s15326985ep4102_1
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and Development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Pashler, H., McDaniel, M., Rohrer, D., & Bjork, R. (2008). Learning styles: Concepts and evidence. Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 9(3), 103-119. doi:
10.1111/j.1539-6053.2009.01038.x
Zull, J. E. (2006). Key aspects of how the brain learns. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 110, 3-9. doi: 10. 1002/ace.213
Image Credits
Clark, D. R. (2011). The Learning Cycle. Kolb's learning styles and Experiential Learning Model. Retrieved April 23, 2012 from
http://nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leader.html
Escher, M.C. (Artist). (1935). Hand with Reflecting Sphere [Lithograph]. National Gallery of Art. Retrieved April 26, 2012 from
http://www.nga.gov/fcgi-bin/timage_f?object=47949&image=10886&c=ggescher
Lynch, Patsy (Photographer). (2010). FEMA administrator talks about Katrina recovery [Photograph]. FEMA Photo Library. Retrieved April
26, 2012 from http://www.fema.gov/photolibrary/photo_details.do?id=45183
Maximilianklein (Photographer). (2011). Collaborating to solve the Wikipedia puzzle [Photograph]. Retrieved April 26, 2012 from
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Collaborating_To_Solve_the_Wikipedia_Puzzle.JPG
Sommerfield, Arnold (1921). Atomic model. Atombau und Spektrallinien. Retrieved April 25, 2012 from
http://archive.org/details/atombauundspekt00sommgoog
Tamoshaa2012 (Photographer) . (2011). School of Pharmacy, International Campus [Photograph]. Retrieved April 23, 2012 from
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:School_of_Pharmacy,_International_Campus_%281%29.JPG
Zull, J.E. (2002). Model comparing Experiential Learning and regions of the brain. The art of changing the brain: enriching the practice of
teaching by exploring the biology of learning. Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing.
René Descartes [Painting]. (1800) . Retrieved April 26, 2012 from http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg
Special Thanks
To Deanna Sellnow, Director, Division of Instructional
Communication at the University of Kentucky, who
introduced me to the Learning Cycle