Presentation - LOEX Annual Conference
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Transcript Presentation - LOEX Annual Conference
Using the Learning Cycle in Library
Instruction to Engage Students
Marcia Rapchak
Instruction Librarian
Gumberg Library
Duquesne University
LOEX, Columbus, OH
May 5th, 2012
What We’ll Cover
Learning Style Self-Assessment (Kolb’s LSI – sort of)
Introduction to the Learning Cycle and Learning
Styles
Discussion of Learning Style Limitations
Example Lesson Plan Using the Learning Cycle
Advantages and Disadvantages of Integrating the
Learning Cycle into a Lesson Plan
Q&A
Learning Style Self-Assessment
Learning Style Self-Assessment
Total: CE___ RO___ AC___ AE___
your top two?
What are
If Total: CE 20 RO 12 AC 12 AE 6 = 2 pairs CE/RO and
CE/AC
If Total: CE 18 RO 18 AC 10 AE 4 = 2 pairs CE/AC and
RO/AC
Learning Stages (Kolb, 1984)
Concrete Experience
Reflective Observation
Abstract Conceptualization
Active Experimentation
Learning Stages: Concrete
Experience
Source: FEMA
Learning Stages: Reflective
Observation
Escher’s “Hand with Reflecting Sphere”
Source: National Gallery of Art
Learning Stages: Abstract
Conceptualization
Arnold Sommerfield’s Atomic Model
Source: Atombau und Spektrallinien
Learning Stages: Active
Experimentation
Source: Tamoshaa2012 (from Wikimedia Commons
under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
Unported licensing)
Learning Styles (Kolb, 1984)
Converger
Diverger
Assimilator
Accommodator
Converger = AC + AE
Likes
Thinking and doing
Problem-solving (technical)
Results-focused activities
Dislikes
Discussion
Group work
Touchy-feely stuff
Diverger = CE + RO
Likes
Brainstorming
Using their imagination
Concrete examples
Discussion
Dislikes
Traditional lectures
“One-answer” tests
Assimilator = AC + RO
Likes
Big ideas and theories
Order and logic
Lists, clear ppts, and lectures
Critiquing and planning
Dislikes
Group work
Messy, unplanned activities
Source: Wikimedia Commons
(author unknown)
Accommodator = AE + CE
Likes
Learning by doing
Creativity and risk-taking
New experiences
Group work
Dislikes
Lectures
Following directions
Source: Maximilianklein (from
Wikimedia Commons under the
Creative Commons Attribution-Share
Alike 3.0 Unported license.)
Learning Styles
Disadvantages
Advantages
Discover your likes /
dislikes
Awarness
Test not very reliable
(Coffield, Moseley, Hall, &
Ecclestone, 2004)
Learning styles change
Discovering / teaching to
learning style does not
create learning (Pashler,
McDaniel, Rohrer, and Bjork,
2008)
The Learning Cycle
Accomodator
Diverger
Converger
Assimilator
Source: Don Clark, 2011
How the Brain Learns
Zull’s Model Comparing Experiential Learning and
Regions of the Brain
Source: Zull, 2002
Using Kolb’s Learning Cycle in Library
Instruction
Evaluating Sources Lesson Plan
• Used in writing, communication, and
information literacy courses
• Associated with a project or paper
• Students bring in possible sources (1-3)
Concrete Experience
Reflective Observation
Abstract Conceptualization
Groups share responses
Use
Don’t Use
Published in 2012
Published in 1987
Author has a Ph.D.
Anonymous author
Abstract Conceptualization, Cont.
Students come up with terms for each row and any
other evaluation terms
Term
Use
Don’t Use
Newness
Published in 2012
Published in 1987
Expert-supported
Author has a Ph.D.
Anonymous
author
Abstract Conceptualization, Cont.
Term
Use
Don’t Use
Currency
Published in 2012
Published in 1987
Authority
Author has a Ph.D.
Anonymous
author
Relevancy
Objectivity, etc.
Active Experimentation
Learning Cycle
Advantages
Aids in planning
Covers all learning preferences
Matches how the brain learns
(Duman, 2010; Zull, 2006).
Includes active learning (but
also)
Allows some “traditional”
instruction (Kirschner, Sweller,
& Clark, 2006)
Forces a focus
Emphasizes process
Disadvantages
Time consuming (Frierson,
2010)
Can be “risky”
Not all learning works with
learning cycle
Tips
Contact Info
Marcia Rapchak
Instruction Librarian
Gumberg Library
Duquesne University
[email protected]
References and Further Reading
Bodi, S. (1990). Teaching effectiveness and bibliographic instruction: The relevance of learning styles. College & Research Libraries, 51(2), 113-119.
Clark, D. R. (2011). Kolb's learning styles and Experiential Learning Model. Retrieved April 23, 2012 from http://nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leader.html
Coffield, F., Moseley, D., Hall, E., & Ecclestone, K. (2004). Learning styles and pedagogy in post-16 learning: A systematic and critical review. London:
Learning & Skills Research Centre. Retrieved March 21st from http://www.LSRC.ac.uk
Duman, B. (2010). The effects of brain-based learning on the academic achievement of students with different learning styles. Educational Sciences: Theory and
Practice, 10(4), 077-2103. Retrieved from http://www.edam.com.tr/kuyeb/en/default.asp
Frierson, E. (2010). Making it their idea: The Learning Cycle in library instruction. In The Library with the Lead Pipe, 1-6. Retrieved from
http://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2010/making-it-their-idea-the-learning-cycle-in-library-instruction/
Kirschner, P. A., Sweller, J., & Clark, R. E. (2006). Why minimal guidance during instruction does not work: An analysis of the failure of constructivist, discovery,
problem-based, experiential, and inquiry-based teaching. Educational Psychologist, 41(2), 75-86. doi:10.1207/s15326985ep4102_1
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and Development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Pashler, H., McDaniel, M., Rohrer, D., & Bjork, R. (2008). Learning styles: Concepts and evidence. Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 9(3), 103-119. doi:
10.1111/j.1539-6053.2009.01038.x
Zull, J. E. (2006). Key aspects of how the brain learns. New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 110, 3-9. doi: 10. 1002/ace.213
Image Credits
Clark, D. R. (2011). The Learning Cycle. Kolb's learning styles and Experiential Learning Model. Retrieved April 23, 2012 from
http://nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/leader.html
Escher, M.C. (Artist). (1935). Hand with Reflecting Sphere [Lithograph]. National Gallery of Art. Retrieved April 26, 2012 from
http://www.nga.gov/fcgi-bin/timage_f?object=47949&image=10886&c=ggescher
Lynch, Patsy (Photographer). (2010). FEMA administrator talks about Katrina recovery [Photograph]. FEMA Photo Library. Retrieved April
26, 2012 from http://www.fema.gov/photolibrary/photo_details.do?id=45183
Maximilianklein (Photographer). (2011). Collaborating to solve the Wikipedia puzzle [Photograph]. Retrieved April 26, 2012 from
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Collaborating_To_Solve_the_Wikipedia_Puzzle.JPG
Sommerfield, Arnold (1921). Atomic model. Atombau und Spektrallinien. Retrieved April 25, 2012 from
http://archive.org/details/atombauundspekt00sommgoog
Tamoshaa2012 (Photographer) . (2011). School of Pharmacy, International Campus [Photograph]. Retrieved April 23, 2012 from
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:School_of_Pharmacy,_International_Campus_%281%29.JPG
Zull, J.E. (2002). Model comparing Experiential Learning and regions of the brain. The art of changing the brain: enriching the practice of
teaching by exploring the biology of learning. Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing.
René Descartes [Painting]. (1800) . Retrieved April 26, 2012 from http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ren%C3%A9_Descartes.jpg
Special Thanks
To Deanna Sellnow, Director, Division of Instructional
Communication at the University of Kentucky, who
introduced me to the Learning Cycle