Transcript Ankle and Lower Leg - University of Ottawa

Ankle and Lower Leg
Chapter 15
BONES OF THE ANKLE AND
LOWER LEG
 TIBIA

MEDIAL MALLEOLUS
 FIBULA

LATERAL MALLEOLUS
 TALUS
 CALCANEUS
JOINTS OF THE ANKLE
 TIBIAL - TALAR
 SUBTALAR
MAJOR LIGAMENTS OF THE
ANKLE
 Lateral Aspect
 anterior tibiofibular
 anterior talofibular
 lateral talocalcaneal
 calcaneofibular
LIGAMENTS (cont.)
 Medial Aspect

deltoid
 Posterior


posterior talofibular
posterior talocalcaneal
MUSCLES OF ANKLE AND
LOWER LEG
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Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Peroneus longus
Peroneus brevis
Anterior tibialis
Posterior tibialis
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
LOWER LEG
COMPARTMENTS
 ANTERIOR

 LATERAL
 DEEP POSTERIOR

 SUPERFICIAL POSTERIOR
ADDITIONAL STRUCTURES
 INTEROSSEOUS MEMBRANE
 DISTAL TIBIOFIBULAR
 SYNDESMOSIS
 BURSAE
PREVENTING INJURY TO
LOWER LEG & ANKLE
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Achilles Tendon Stretching
Strength Training
Neuromuscular Control Training
Footwear
Preventive Ankle and Braces
PHYSICAL EXAM
 Weight bearing status
 Bilateral comparisons
 Inspection and Palpation

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Inspection of lateral structures
Inspection of medial structures
Inspection of anterior structures
Inspection of posterior structures
 Special tests
SPECIFIC INJURIES OF THE
ANKLE AND LOWER LEG ASSESSMENT
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Ankle Sprain
Ankle Fractures
Peroneal Tendon Problems
Anterior/Posterior Tibialis Tendonitis
Shin Conditions
Leg Cramps & Spasm
Gastroc / Achilles Strain
Stress Fracture Syndrome of Lower Leg
REHABILITATION
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General
Weight Bearing
Joint Mobilization
Flexibility
Strengthening
Proprioception
Taping and Bracing