Transcript Electronic publishing

Electronic publishing
Corrado Pettenati
CERN (ETT-SI)
Como 16-17 October 2001
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Presentation plan
• History
• The e-publication
models
– Traditional
– Alternative
– Subversive selfpublishing
• Library processing
procedures
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• Licensing and
consortia
• Emergence of the ebook
• E-publishing and Web
economy, costs and
benefits
• Conclusions
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History of e-publishing
• '80s, just a text version via e-mail
– Poor presentation, archiving on site
• Later e-publishing via CD-ROM
– Better presentation and reliability, various formats and difficult
general usage, large installation support
• On-line
– Guidon (Electronics letters online IEE - OCLC)
– Web, PDF, HTML, dynamic links, multimedia
• In hand
– PDAs and E-books
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E-publishing models
• Traditional
– Elsevier, Springer, Kluwer, APS
• Alternative
– JHEP, HighWire, European Journal of
Comparative Law, …
• Subversive
– arXiv, Australian Journal of Human Rights,
European Legal Research Archive, ...
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General advantages of e-journals
• A new set of Library Web pages with many important
linked services, in addition to the full-text
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
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ETOC, ETOC and abstracts
Latest issue
Alert
Accepted papers
In press!
Link to the paper collection
A clear sign if the full-text is available on the intranet only
Other notes
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The traditional model (1)
• Almost all publishers have their journals available
in e-edition (more than 11,000 titles including
3800 scholarly e-j) in parallel, or not, to the paper
edition
• The preparation cycle is very close to the
traditional paper edition
• The e-edition can be distributed in two ways
– On site archives
– Remote access
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The traditional model (2)
• Advantages
– Well accepted (in general) by the community
because in parallel to the paper with its well
established procedures (legal deposit and
safety)
– Technology sophisticated enough to reach an
excellent level of readability even on a screen
– The e-edition tends not only to replace the
paper content but can often add its own value
(colours, movies, dynamic links, software, …)
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The traditional model (3)
• Accessibility and flexibility
– Many publishers started with the rolling
window concept
– They moved rather quickly to the permanent
archive
– They are now very close to the full eavailability of their retrospective collections
• JSTOR project
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The traditional model (4)
• De-structuring
– Moving the journals' articles to a large database
where
• They become searchable via their metadata and,
now, full-text
• They remain linked to their titles but enhance their
linking capabilities via the references to articles of
the same publisher or to articles of journals of other
publishers (CrossRef)
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The traditional model (5)
• Re-structuring
– New overlay journals
• Articles already peer-reviewed and published are
selected and reused to feed other new journals
– Four new virtual journals at APS/AIP
– A new select journal at IOP
• Peer-reviewed twice!
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The traditional model (6)
• Disadvantages
– Increased costs
• Electronic content fee, Platform fee and Attrition fee
– For the e-edition only almost no discount
– For the library increased costs because all the old costs
(subscriptions, handling, binding, shelving,…) remain
and new costs are added without any increase in the
literature coverage
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The alternative model (1)
• Availability of the e-edition only with
quality comparable to the traditional model
• In general these publications are in
universities or research laboratories
•
•
•
•
Authors
Peer-reviewers
Editor-in-chief
E-publishing technology
• Best example is JHEP at SISSA in Trieste
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The alternative model (2)
• These e-publications face several
difficulties
– Business plan self-sustained
• Traditional subscriptions (HighWire Press)
• Support by a few large research bodies, free for all
(JHEP and PRSTAB)
• Authors' fees and free for all (New Journal of
Physics)
• Web advertising (Encyclopaedia Britannica)
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The alternative model (3)
• Other difficulties
– Legal deposit
• Different attempts with parallel paper edition or CDROM edition
– Long-term e-archiving
• Migration from one technology to the next one
– Conversion of formats done in a unique place and not in
all libraries
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The alternative model (4)
• The model works also for e-proceedings
– Previously published in monographs or journals
– Now published as e-documents
– Several tools and services available for e-proceedings (JHEP,
SLAC and CERN)
• Encourage (avoid the "arm-twisting" for the moment)
authors to submit their papers to not-for-profit journals, the
freedom to choose any journal is now an unaffordable
luxury
• Please avoid printing your next conference proceedings,
for this one it is … decided (or not?)!
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The alternative model (5)
• Advantages
• Low costs
• Technologies for e-publishing largely available
• EU, NSF and SPARC support research projects in
this area of e-publishing
• Disadvantages
• Long-term life not guaranteed, need for a legal
deposit solution
• Academia not in strong support
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The subversive model (1)
• Basic ideas
– The traditional model is too expensive (suffocating for
the libraries' purchasing power) and not able to selfregulate
– The peer-review process is no longer necessary (arXiv
at LANL, now at Cornell University)
– Other types of validation
– Technologies for e-publishing are available to all
authors and readers
• http://www.tours.inra.fr/tours/doc/comsci.htm
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The subversive model (2)
• Self-publishing as grey literature
– Articles are submitted to large general pots
(archives), publicly available, where editorial
boards go and fish for papers to feed their
journal content with or without peer-review (or
validation)
• These journals are composed only of the
TOC with pointers to the articles that
remain publicly available
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The subversive model (3)
• Advantages
– Extremely low cost
– Almost no delay between release of the
document and world-wide distribution
• Disadvantages
– Long-term availability at risk (arXiv from
LANL to Cornell)
– Still an unjustified scepticism from academia
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The library preprints process
 Paperless circuit
 Electronic submission
 Electronic processing
 Electronic distribution
 Link to the tull-text as submitted
 Publication note
 Link to the full-text as published
 Added value
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Preprints processing procedure
Submission to the Library
record, text, figures
Weekly list preparation
Visibility on Internet
the day after
Input of the publication note
Record updating
1 day
INSPEC, conference proceedings,
SLAC db, authors, ...
1 week
8 - 18 months
????
Article publication
Submission to a journal
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Preprint CPT-96-P-3477(hep-th/9706105)
Noncommutativ eYang-M ills and Noncommutativ e Relativ ity:
A Bridge Ov er rTouble Water
by Carminati, L; Iochum, B ; Schucker
, T;
Email: [email protected] -mrs.fr
Affiliations: Marseille
Imprint: 16 Jun 1997 29 p
Subj ects: A
P RTICLE PHYSICS - THEOR
Y
Abstract:
Connes’ v iew at
Yang-M ills theories is rev iew ed w ith special emphasis on the gauge inv ariant scalar
product. This landscape is show n to contain Chamseddine and Connes’ noncommutativ e extension of
general relativ ity restricted to flat space-time, if the top mass is betw een 172 and 204
. Then
GeVthe Higgs
mass is betw een 188 and 201 GeV
.
full text
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Record no: xyz
Preprint full-text
server
EXT: URL ...
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Reprint (published preprint) (cond-mat/971
1001)
Anomalous Behav ior at a Superconducting Quantum Critical Point
by Ramazashv ili, R ;
Email: Rev az Ramazashv ili rev [email protected]
Publ. Ref.: Phys. Rev
., B : 56 (1997) 5518 - Published v ersion Imprint: 4 Nov 1997 4 p
Subj ects: CONDENSED MTTER
A
Abstract:
M otiv ated by pressure experiments on UBe_{13} and Tl_{2}Ba_{2}CaCu_{2}O_8, w e discuss low -temperature
effects of the pairing interaction at a superconducting quantum critical point in a clean system.
e point
W out
that measurements at this quantum critical point can prov ide a diagnostic tool to mark out non-BCS
mechanisms of superconductiv.ity
Access to fulltext document - Show references - Quoted by (experimental) - M ark document Home | Comments | Help | Show Shelf | Format Output | Check Loans
iew| VSearches
Access to the
preprint full text
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Access to the published
text
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CERN Preprint full-text
server
Record # 123
Author: .......
Title....
Electronic journal
Publisher server
EXT: URL ...
Pub. noteTit. AA,
vol. pp ...
URL: .....
CERN
algorithm
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Licensing and consortia
• Libraries move from the approach
– Just in case
to
– Just in time
• Site licences Consortia (subject area, regional,
national)
– Thousands of e-publications available on sites
• A new trend
– Just for you
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Emergence of the e-book
• Make a clear difference between the e-book content and
the e-book device
• For the moment the e-book content is progressing in the
Web environment only, various business models
• The e-book device has not yet reached an acceptable
practical solution, generally accepted standards not yet
available
– The manufactures started trying to attract the general public
– It should be very suitable for maintenance books (cars, aircraft,
computers, ...), handbooks (medicine), encyclopaedias,
dictionaries, even schoolbooks, etc.
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E-publishing and Web economy
• E-publishing is an healthy Web economy
operation
• Costs decreasing
– TLC, computer processing, disk space, large availability of free
tools, specialised agencies, ...
• Benefits
– (for readers) Easier and larger access, quicker delivery, enormous
navigational freedom,
– (for libraries) Reduced paper processing, shelving, re-shelving,
binding, storing, risks of damage and losses
– (for publishers) Enlarged audience, simplified editorial tasks, ...
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Conclusions
• More and more important
role for the grey literature
• Contraction of the number of traditional
scientific publications
• Exponential growing of spontaneous
electronic journals
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