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MYRADA Consultation on Sustainable Sanitation Date : 09.09.2009 Venue : UAS, Bangalore MYRADA Established in 1968. Registered under Karnataka Society’s Act 1968 - 78 Resettled 15000 Tibetan refugees in Karnataka State in locations •Bylakuppa •Hunsur •Odeyarapalya •Mundgod 1979 onwards Involved in Rural Development Activities in Southern States namely; wKarnataka wTamilnadu wAndhra Pradesh Project Locations Our Projects: Karnataka 1. MYRADA K.H.A.D.P, Kollegal 2. MYRADA PIDOW, Gulbarga 3. MYRADA, PIDOW Chincholi 4. MYRADA, WGDP, Karwar 5. MYRADA, Chitradurga 6. MYRADA, Bellary 7. MYRADA - CIDOW, Molakalmur 8. MYRADA - Kamasamudram 9. MYRADA - Bidadi Andhra Pradesh 1. MYRADA - KIPDOW Project, Kadiri 2 Karnool Project Tamil Nadu 1. MYRADA/PLAN - Dharmapuri 2. MYRADA - K.V.K, Talavadi 3. MYRADA - Kattery Project, Coonoor 4. MYRADA - GADP, Germalam 4 3 What is MYRADA Today? MYRADA is now a group of autonomous societies, companies and informal institutions, sharing a common vision to promote livelihood strategies, local governance, management of natural resources, health and education favoring the rural poor in an inclusive, equitable and sustainable manner. MYRADA Group of Institutions •MYRADA Kaveri Pradeshika Samsthe, H.D.Kote •Jnana Degula Centre for Institutional Development and Organizational Reforms, H.D.Kote •MYRADA Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Erode •Management of Enterprises And Development Of Women (MEADOW), Hosur •Non Formal Technical Training Centre, Hosur •Centre for Institutional Development and Organizational Reforms in Kollegal, Kolar and Chithradurga •Sanghamithra Rural Financial Services •Community Managed Resource Centres •Savayava Krishikara Sangha, H.D.Kote Eco-Sanitation Management and maintenance of human excreta and Urine without affecting the environment and protection of water sources is termed as “ECO SANITATION” The eco-san is ecological sanitation which is ecofriendly. Eco-sanitation aims at using the human solid waste and urine for agricultural purposes It is proposed to use human waste for agricultural production thereby cost of cultivation is reduced Eco-Sanitation It is expected that by use of human waste and urine for agriculture purpose the human waste is deemed as a resource rather than waste This requires storage of human solid waste and urine in separate compartments which are dry and water proof. Hence, this requires construction of brick chambers with concrete top below every toilet Eco-Sanitation The human waste has potash and nitrogen which is useful for agricultural crops. The same components are the components of the chemical fertilizers which are purchased by the farmers every year by paying cash and incurring expenses to travel to the nearby town Hence, through introducing eco-sanitation, the rural families are not only able to maintain environmental sanitation in villages but also able to save towards the cost of agriculture inputs invested by them every year Eco-Sanitation A rural family will be able to save water substantially by using eco-san toilets The farmers will be able to recycle the nutrients resulting in improvement of soil quality, structure and fertility by application of organic matter and plant nutrients will be easily available to them Use of human waste as fertilizer will improve agricultural productivity and enhance food security Eco-Sanitation • Health conditions of rural families will improve due to use of eco-sanitary toilets through reduction of diarrhea and other diseases now prevalent in villages due to unhygienic conditions Eco-Sanitation Environmental Sanitation Chain Environmental protection Integrated water resource management Resource protection Eco San Continuous agriculture Health protection Soil fertility protection Advantages of Eco-Sanitation •Consumes less water •Controls pollution of ground water and environment •No spread of Bacteria/Virus since water is not used to flush human waste •Protects health of rural community •Gives pride to the Family of owning a eco-san toilet •Protection for women and girls Advantages of Eco-Sanitation •Spread of flies and insects is controlled •Avoids bad smell, if properly maintained •Improves soil fertility without incurring cost on use of chemical fertilizer •Heavy investment on chemical fertilizers is saved by the farmers •Saves adequate amount of water Plan of Eco Toilet View of Eco Toilet up to Plinth Basement construction with BBM Plastering for basement RCC Platform construction and curing RCC Platform Exterior & Plinth Level View of Eco Toilet Exterior View of Eco Toilet Superstructure construction with plastering Eco-Sanitation Toilet B.Matakere SC Colony (Arghyam Village) one of the villages of B.Matakere Grama Panchayat which has been awarded Grama Puraskar Award Cost Estimate Sl # Particulars UOM A Construction Materials Requirements 1 Ordinary Portland Cement Bags 2 River Sand 3 Qty Rate Amount 9 285.00 2,565.00 Cft 60 17.00 1,020.00 20mm Jelly (Crusher) Cft 10 30.00 300.00 4 40mm Jelly (Crusher) Cft 12 14.00 168.00 5 Cost of Steel (8 mm dia) Kgs 20 42.00 840.00 6 Binding wire Kgs 1 65.00 65.00 7 MS Door 2.6' x 5’ Sft 12.5 70.00 875.00 8 2"x1" Reapers feet 70 2.00 140.00 9 Rafters 2" x 3" feet 20 12.00 240.00 10 Nails Kgs 1 40.00 40.00 11 Mangalore tiles Nos 50 9 450.00 12 Hinges Nos 2 20 40.00 13 Handle Nos 2 15 30.00 14 Latches Nos 2 15 30.00 15 Padlock Nos 1 25 25.00 16 Bricks Nos 1075 2 2,150.00 a.Sub Total 8,978.00 Cost Estimate Sl # B A B C D E F G H I J K C. 1 2 3 4 5 Particulars Plumbing Works Closets 2" PVC Pipe 2" PVC Elbow 2" PVC 'Tee' 1 1/4" PVC pipe 1 1/4" PVC elbow 1 1/4" PVC Tee 3/4"x1 1/4" Reducer M.T.A FTA Solvent b.Sub Total Labour Cost Skilled Masons Male Coolies Female Coolies Carpenter Plumbing charges c.Sub Total Construction Materials cost Plumbing materials cost Labour cost Total Cost UOM Nos feet Nos Nos feet Nos Nos Nos Nos Nos ml Qty Rate Amount 2 10 3 1 15 6 1 2 2 2 50 750 10 15 20 6 7 10 8 6 6 10 8 8 3 1 1 200 100 60 150 150 1,500.00 100.00 45.00 20.00 90.00 42.00 10.00 16.00 12.00 12.00 10.00 1,857.00 1,600.00 800.00 180.00 150.00 150.00 2880.00 a 8,978.00 b 1,857.00 c 2,880.00 13,715.00 Expected Community Contribution Sl# Particulars 1 Unskilled Labour 2 Bricks 3 Door TOTAL Amount 980.00 2,150.00 875.00 4,005.00 How to use the Toilet •There are two outlets one for fecal and another for urine. There is a separate place for washing after defecation •There are two chambers in the toilet •One chamber is expected to be used for 6 months for an average family size of 5 followed by another, on filling up of the first chamber •The first chamber should be closed for a period of 6 months after use and repeat the process by using another chamber How to use the Toilet •After defecation one hand full hand of ash over the fecal. So that it decomposes within a day •Urine is collected in a separate can outside the toilet which can be used for plants in the kitchen garden such as vegetables, banana, coconut trees etc., by mixing water in 1:10 ratio •It should be ensured that at any time fecal, urine and washed water is not mixed Comparison between Pour Flush Toilet and Eco-san Toilet Two Pits Pour Flush Toilet Two Vaults Eco-san Toilet Two Pits under ground for Continuous usage Two vaults above the ground for continuous usage Design needs to be changed depending upon soil terrain Design is suitable for all types of soils Requires enough quantity of water Works with limited water Not feasible in rocky areas Best suited model in rocky areas Decomposition is slower and often encourages manual scavenging Natural decomposition and paves a way for organic farming. Occupies more Space Occupies less space No. of toilets constructed and names of partner agencies in MYRADA Projects Sl# Name of the Partner No. of villages Village No. of Toilet H.D.Kote Project, Mysore District 1 Arghyam 3 B.Matakere SC/ST Colony and Nemmanahally 173 2 Zilla Panchayat, Mysore & Plan International India 3 Marballyhundi, Uyyamballyhundi and Mosaralla 93 3 Raleigh International 7 Hosakeresunda, Kandegala, Kebbepurahadi, Kalaiahnahalla, Seegawadi, Alanahally & M.C.Tholalu Colony 173 Kamasamudram Project, Kolar District 1 Arghyam & Grama Panchayat 2 Gollahally and Kongarahally 121 No. of toilets constructed and names of partner agencies in MYRADA Projects Sl# Name of the No. of Partner villages Village No. of Toilet Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Erode District 1 DRDA, Erode, UNICEF and NOVIB 25 Malguthipuram Doddi, Dharmapuram, Marur, Hiripuram, Bharathipuram, Devarnatham, Mavanatham, Mavallam, Adhireddiyur, Arakkankottai, Nadur, Ganapathi Palayam, Kadambur, Jeevanagar, Chinnasalatti, Periasalatti, Perianadur, Sengadu, Anaikarai, Kappavaganadoddi, C.U.Palayam, Chikoor, Sugilkarai, Kottamalam, Kottedoddi 500 A R G H Y A M RALEIGH INTERNATIONAL INDIA RALEIGH INTERNATIONAL INDIA Drawbacks Cost of construction is very high as compared to other toilets Non acceptance of the community to touch decomposed fecal Children are unable to use independently Attracts rats and snakes How the community was motivated Discussions were held in sAgs of women, Watershed Development Associations, Village Water and Sanitation Committees and sAg Federations Organized Grama Sabhas in proposed villages and explained about advantages of Eco-sanitation Organized PRAs and conducted exercises such as transact, social mapping to make the community to realize about unhygienic situation in the village In social mapping houses without toilets and open defecation places were marked How the community was motivated Cost incurred for health treatments were highlighted in the PRA exercise in seasonality mapping Benefits from use of toilets was highlighted in matrix exercise The community members were taken for exposure to locations where eco-sanitation was already in practice such as Mosaralla, Talavadi Wall Paintings were depicted highlighting the uses of eco-sanitary toilets How the community was motivated Men and women were trained before construction of toilets in design and benefits from eco-sanitation. After construction, the community were trained in usage and maintenance Children were trained to use eco-sanitary toilets Practical demonstrations were conducted in harvesting of decomposed manure from eco-san toilets Masons were trained in construction of ecosanitary toilets. During the training few toilets were constructed Thank You