Transcript Slide 1

Effects of PIT tagging upstream
migrating adult Columbia Basin Sockeye
Salmon
Jeffrey K. Fryer, Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission
Skyeler Folks, Richard Bussanich, and Howie Wright, Okanagan Nation
Kim Hyatt, Canada Department of Fisheries and Ocieans
Jen Miller, Confederated Colville Tribes
Background



CRITFC has been sampling adult salmonids at Bonneville
Dam (and other sites) since 1985.
Recent years have seen an increased demand for sampling
driven by Accords-funded CRITFC projects and data
users (e.g. fisheries managers).
At the same time, we have received increased scrutiny
and regulation, decreasing sample sizes (and increasing
biases?), particularly at higher water temperatures.
Regulator concerns based on possible impacts
of sampling/tagging
 Impact on non-target fish as a result of trapping
(both in traps and bypassed)
 Impact on sampled fish:
 Increased mortality (immediate and delayed)*
 Spawning success
Bonneville Dam
Adult Fish Facility
X
Washington Shore
Fish Counting and
PIT tag detection
X
Oregon Shore Fish
Counting and PIT
tag detection
Bonneville Dam sampling
Anesthetize adults using Aqui-S.
 Scale sample for age analysis.
 Length measurement.
 Assess for condition and fin clips.
 PIT tag (if not already PIT tagged).
 Allow to recover and volitionally release.

How to assess Bonneville sampling impacts?
1.
2.
3.
Immediate mortality.
Sockeye not detected after release.
Conversion rate to upstream dams compared to
conversion rates of Sockeye Salmon tagged as juveniles
passing Bonneville Dam. (Virtually 100% go through at
least 5 dams with PIT tag arrays in their return
migration to natal areas.)
1. Immediate Mortality
Sampled
Mortalities
Rate
2011
2012
2013
2014
Total
766
1636
799
1420
4621
2
0
4
5
11
0.3%
0.0%
0.5%
0.4%
0.2%
2. Sockeye Not Detected after Tagging at AFF
2011
Tagged (12 mm) and released
Not subsequently Detected
Rate
2012
2013
2014
Combined
623
1612
791
1412
4439
10
11
19
7
43
1.6%
0.7%
2.4%
0.5%
1.1%
Non-detections could be due to the following:
 Mortality (but we see very few tagged dead sockeye at the AFF)
 Sockeye not passing counting station PIT tag arrays (upper BO1
or BO4). These fish could have passed through the navigation
locks or gone downstream, bypassing BO3 antennas.
 Shed or defective tags.
 We are hoping to add a PIT tag antenna to the AFF exit fishway
prior to 2015 tagging.
3. Bonneville-McNary Dam Sockeye
Conversion Rate
100%
AFF (adults)
90%
RIS (juveniles)
Snake (juveniles)
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2011
2012
2013
2014
2011-2014
3. Bonneville Dam-The Dalles Sockeye
Conversion Rate
100%
AFF (adults)
RIS (juveniles)
Snake (juveniles)
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2013
2014
2013-2014
Acoustic and Temperature Tagging at Wells
Dam
Sockeye tagging (2010-2014)


Under Columbia Basin Accords BPA-funded project, we
PIT tag adults at Bonneville Dam and PIT, acoustic (Vemco
V9), Floy, and temperature disc tag at Wells Dam.
Track the Sockeye upstream to our OKC in-stream array
in Canada which detects about 90% of passing Sockeye
Salmon.
2010
Past Wells Detected at
OKC:
400 tags
Bonneville tagged: 75.8%
Wells PIT+Floy: 73.7%
Survival decrease: 2.8%
Selective Harvest Rates
(Wells-Zosel):
Tribal: 5.6%
Sport(?): 3.7%
807 tags
Wells-OKC 2010
Tagging
Location
Tags Applied
Wells
Floy+PIT
Wells
WEL-OKC
N
conv. rate
Survival
decrease
301
73.7%
2.8%
Floy+Temp+PIT
37
55.1%
27.3%
Wells
Floy+Acoustic+PIT
62
59.4%
27.8%
Wells
Floy+Temp+Acoustic+PIT
15
63.4%
16.4%
Bonneville
PIT
413
75.8%
-
Percentage passing Wells Dam last detected downstream of
Wells:
Bonneville tagged: 0.3%
Wells tagged: 1.5%
2011
Past Wells Detected at
OKC:
576 tags
BON tagged: 76.0%
WEL PIT+Floy: 72.3%
Survival decrease: 4.9%
Selective Harvest Rates
(Wells-Zosel):
Tribal: 0.7%
Sport(?): 2.6%
747 tags
Wells-OKC 2011
WEL-OKC
N
conv. rate
Survival
decrease
Tagging Location
Tagging Regime
Wells
Floy+PIT
322
72.3%
4.9%
Wells
Floy+Temp+PIT
195
65.9%
13.3%
Wells
Floy+Acoustic+PIT
59
70.1%
7.8%
Bonneville
PIT
340
76.0%
-
Percentage passing Wells Dam last detected downstream (all
fish):
Bonneville tagged: 1.7%
Wells tagged: 1.7% (4.7% not detected)
Switched ladders at Wells Dam:
Bonneville tagged: 1.7%
Wells tagged: 15.7%
2012


All Sockeye tagged at Wells were required to be released
upstream of the dam.
Using assistance from the Colville Tribe, we add tagging at
Priest Rapids Dam.
2012
Wells-OKC:
769 tags
BON tagged: 41.4%
WEL PIT+Floy: 41.8%
PRD PIT+Floy: 44.1%
Survival Decrease:
PRD: -6.5%
WEL: -1.0% (5.2%)
Selective Harvest Rates
(Wells-Zosel):
Tribal: 4.1%/5.0%
Sport(?): 12.8%
751 tags
1597 tags
Wells-OKC 2012
Tagging
Location
N
WEL-OKC
conv. rate
Survival
decrease
Tagging Regime
Wells
Floy+PIT
709
41.8%
-1.0%/5.2%
Wells
Floy+Acoustic+PIT
60
38.8%
6.3%
Priest Rapids
Floy+PIT
562
44.1%
-6.5%
Bonneville
PIT
1001
41.4%
-
RIS Juvenile
PIT
45
46.7%
-
% passing Wells Dam last detected downstream:
Wells tagged (released upstream): 0.8%
Priest Rapids tagged: 0.1%
Bonneville tagged: 0.4%
Wells-OKC 2013
N
WEL-OKC
Conv. Rate
Survival
decrease
694
54.8%
3.2%
61
46.1%
15.9%
Tagging Location
Tagging Regime
Wells
Floy+PIT
Wells
Floy+Acoustic+PIT
Wells
Floy+Temperature+PIT
135
3.9%
93.0%
Bonneville
PIT
400
57.0%
-
RIS Juvenile
PIT
38
71.1%
-
% passing Wells Dam last detected downstream:
Wells tagged (released upstream): 3.6%
Bonneville tagged: 1.3%
Tagging Impacts Summary
Bonneville: Minimal
 Priest Rapids: Minimal
 Wells: 5.2% (comparison to 2012 PRD tagged Sockeye)
 Wells acoustic tags: 6-28%
 Wells temperature tags: 13-28%

Other considerations in estimating tagging impacts




Tag impact also includes sampling impact which may differ from site
to site. (Priest Rapids and Bonneville traps require less handling than
Wells and have recovery areas with volitional release. Wells tagged
fish are trucked upstream and released into shallow [warm] water.)
Sockeye tagged at Wells dams are more mature than those at Priest
Rapids and Bonneville dams, possibly affecting survival.
Tagging at Priest Rapids and Wells also includes Floy tagging which
may lead to additional tagging impacts. In addition, this opens up the
issue of fishery selectivity.
Traps at dams may also be selective for some particular trait which
may affect comparisons. (For instance, the Wells trap selects for
larger Sockeye.)
Acknowledgements
Cory Kamphaus, Keely Murdoch, Greg Robison, Barry Hodges, and Tim
Jeffris (YN), John Arterburn and Casey Baldwin (CCT), Crystal Chulik,
Jason Five Crow, Buck Jones, Denise Kelsey, Agnes Strong, John
Whiteaker, and others (CRITFC), Tom Kahler (DPUD), Chris Carlson
(GPUD), and Josh Murauskas (AnchorQEA).
Funding provided by BPA (through the Columbia Basin Accords) and the
Pacific Salmon Commission.
PIT tagging impact on the Wells to OKC
conversion rate 2010-2013
Fishery
Conversion
Rate
Decrease
Tribal
(selective)
Sport (?)
2010 Wells
2.8%
5.6%
3.7%
2011 Wells
4.9%
0.7%
2.6%
2012 Wells
-1.0%
4.1%
12.7%
2012 Priest Rapids
-6.5%
4.1%
12.7%
Year
Tagging
Location
2013 Wells
3.2%
Temperature and acoustic tagging impact on
Wells to OKC conversion rates 2010-2013
Fishery
Conversion
Rate
Decrease
Tribal
(selective)
Sport (?)
5.6%
3.7%
0.7%
2.6%
4.1%
12.8%
Year
Regime
2010
Floy+Temp+PIT
27.3%
2010
Floy+Acoustic+PIT
27.8%
2010
Floy+Temp+Acoustic+PIT
16.4%
2011
Floy+Temp+PIT
13.3%
2011
Floy+Acoustic+PIT
7.8%
2012
Floy+Acoustic+PIT
6.3%
2013
Floy+Acoustic+PIT
15.9%