Transcript Slide 1
Shoftim biblestudyresourcecenter.com Shoftim Shoftim = “Judges” The 48th Torah Portion Readings 5th reading in the Book of Deuteronomy Deuteronomy 16:18 – 21:9 Haftarah: Isaiah 51:12 – 52:12 Gospel: Matthew 26:47 – 27:10 Deuteronomy 16:18-19 18 Judges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee, throughout thy tribes: and they shall judge the people with just judgment. 19 Thou shalt not wrest judgment; thou shalt not respect persons, neither take a gift: for a gift doth blind the eyes of the wise, and pervert the words of the righteous. Deuteronomy Chapter 16 Talks about Judges and Justice Grove of trees and images that God Hates Deuteronomy Chapter 17 There must be sound sacrifices Hard controversies are to be ruled on by priests and judges The election and duty of a King Deuteronomy Chapter 18 The rightful dues of the priests and Levites are the offerings to the Lord The abominations of the nations are to be avoided Christ is foretold and the People are to Hearken unto Him Deuteronomy Chapter 19 The cities of refuge The neighbor’s landmark is not to be removed Deuteronomy Chapter 20 The priest’s exhortation to encourage the people to battle What to do to the cities that accept or refuse the proclamation of peace Deuteronomy Chapter 21 The expiation of an uncertain murder An unknown victim Matthew 26:47-48 47 And while he yet spake, lo, Judas, one of the twelve, came, and with him a great multitude with swords and staves, from the chief priests and elders of the people. 48 Now he that betrayed him gave them a sign, saying, Whomsoever I shall kiss, that same is he: hold him fast. Matthew 26:49-50 49 And forthwith he came to Jesus, and said, Hail, master; and kissed him. 50 And Jesus said unto him, Friend, wherefore art thou come? Then came they, and laid hands on Jesus, and took him. Matthew 26:51-52 51 And, behold, one of them which were with Jesus stretched out his hand, and drew his sword, and struck a servant of the high priest's, and smote off his ear. 52 Then said Jesus unto him, Put up again thy sword into his place: for all they that take the sword shall perish with the sword. Matthew 26:53-54 53 Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to my Father, and he shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels? 54 But how then shall the scriptures be fulfilled, that thus it must be? Matthew 26:55-56 55 In that same hour said Jesus to the multitudes, Are ye come out as against a thief with swords and staves for to take me? I sat daily with you teaching in the temple, and ye laid no hold on me. 56 But all this was done, that the scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled. Then all the disciples forsook him, and fled. Matthew 26:31-32 31Then saith Jesus unto them, All ye shall be offended because of me this night: for it is written, I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock shall be scattered abroad. 32But after I am risen again, I will go before you into Galilee. Zechariah 13:7 Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow, saith the LORD of hosts: smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered: and I will turn mine hand upon the little ones. Matthew 26:57-58 57 And they that had laid hold on Jesus led him away to Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and the elders were assembled. 58 But Peter followed him afar off unto the high priest's palace, and went in, and sat with the servants, to see the end. Matthew 26:59-61 59 Now the chief priests, and elders, and all the council, sought false witness against Jesus, to put him to death; 60 But found none: yea, though many false witnesses came, yet found they none. At the last came two false witnesses, 61 And said, This fellow said, I am able to destroy the temple of God, and to build it in three days. Matthew 26:62-64 62 And the high priest arose, and said unto him, Answerest thou nothing? what is it which these witness against thee? 63 But Jesus held his peace. And the high priest answered and said unto him, I adjure thee by the living God, that thou tell us whether thou be the Christ, the Son of God. 64 Jesus saith unto him, Thou hast said: nevertheless I say unto you, Hereafter shall ye see the Son of man sitting on the right hand of power, and coming in the clouds of heaven. Matthew 26:65-66 65 Then the high priest rent his clothes, saying, He hath spoken blasphemy; what further need have we of witnesses? behold, now ye have heard his blasphemy. 66 What think ye? They answered and said, He is guilty of death. Matthew 26:67-68 67 Then did they spit in his face, and buffeted him; and others smote him with the palms of their hands, 68 Saying, Prophesy unto us, thou Christ, Who is he that smote thee? Matthew 26:69-70 69 Now Peter sat without in the palace: and a damsel came unto him, saying, Thou also wast with Jesus of Galilee. 70 But he denied before them all, saying, I know not what thou sayest. Matthew 26:71-72 71 And when he was gone out into the porch, another maid saw him, and said unto them that were there, This fellow was also with Jesus of Nazareth. 72 And again he denied with an oath, I do not know the man. Matthew 26:73-75 73 And after a while came unto him they that stood by, and said to Peter, Surely thou also art one of them; for thy speech bewrayeth thee. 74 Then began he to curse and to swear, saying, I know not the man. And immediately the cock crew. 75 And Peter remembered the word of Jesus, which said unto him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice. And he went out, and wept bitterly. Mark 16:6-7 6And he saith unto them, Be not affrighted: Ye seek Jesus of Nazareth, which was crucified: he is risen; he is not here: behold the place where they laid him. 7But go your way, tell his disciples and Peter that he goeth before you into Galilee: there shall ye see him, as he said unto you. John 21:15-17 Jesus asks Peter three times: 1. Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me more than these? 2. Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? 3. Simon, son of Jonas, lovest thou me? (Once for each denial of Christ) Matthew 27:1-2 1 When the morning was come, all the chief priests and elders of the people took counsel against Jesus to put him to death: 2 And when they had bound him, they led him away, and delivered him to Pontius Pilate the governor. Genesis 49:10 The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people be. The Sceptre Departed • Herod Archelaus was replaced by a Roman procurator named Caponius. • The legal power of the Sanhedrin was immediately restricted and the adjudication of capital cases was lost. • This was normal Roman policy. Josephus, Wars of the Jews, Book 2 Ch. 8 The Jerusalem Talmud, Sanhedrin folio 24 The Sceptre Departed • When the members of the Sanhedrin found themselves deprived of their right over life and death, they covered their heads with ashes and their bodies with sackcloth, and bemoaned. - “Woe unto us for the scepter has departed from Judah and the Messiah has not come!” Babylonian Talmud Ch.4 folio 37 Pontius Pilate • Pontius Pilate served as 6th Roman procurator of Judaea from A.D. 26 to A.D. 36, after which he was recalled to Rome and then passed out of official history. • He was hated by the orthodox Jews and never really understood them. • A plaque was found in Caesarea bearing his name which is now in the Israel Museum. Pontius Pilate • Ruled Judea in a reckless and arbitrary fashion. • In A.D. 36, he was deposed by Vitellius and sent to Rome, tried under Caligula. • Tradition: Pilate killed himself Josephus Ant. 18:4, sec. 1,2; Eusebius Historia Ecclesiastica II, ii. 7 • The Coptic church came to believe that he became a Christian. Matthew 27:3-4 3 Then Judas, which had betrayed him, when he saw that he was condemned, repented himself, and brought again the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders, 4 Saying, I have sinned in that I have betrayed the innocent blood. And they said, What is that to us? see thou to that. Innocent Blood Six witnesses affirmed His innocence: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Judas (Matthew 27:4) Pilate's wife (Matthew 27:19) Pilate (Matthew 27:24) Herod (Luke 23:15) Criminal (Luke 23:41) 6. Centurion (Luke 23:47) Matthew 27:5-6 5 And he cast down the pieces of silver in the temple, and departed, and went and hanged himself. 6 And the chief priests took the silver pieces, and said, It is not lawful for to put them into the treasury, because it is the price of blood. Matthew 27:7-8 7 And they took counsel, and bought with them the potter's field, to bury strangers in. 8 Wherefore that field was called, The field of blood, unto this day. Matthew 27:9-10 9 Then was fulfilled that which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, saying, And they took the thirty pieces of silver, the price of him that was valued, whom they of the children of Israel did value; 10 And gave them for the potter's field, as the Lord appointed me. Zechariah 11:12-13 12 And I said unto them, If ye think good, give me my price; and if not, forbear. So they weighed for my price thirty pieces of silver. 13 And the LORD said unto me, Cast it unto the potter: a goodly price that I was prised at of them. And I took the thirty pieces of silver, and cast them to the potter in the house of the LORD. (1 Cor 15:1-4) 1Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye have received, and wherein ye stand; 2By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain. 3For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; 4And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures: Shoftim A Study of Shoftim Torah Club Written Commentary $25.00 Group Commentary $15.00 Written & Audio $45.00