Transcript Document
MultiPurpose Detector
for NICA
Introduction
Experimental tasks
Basic Principles
Simulation
General view of MPD & the magnet
Major Sub-Detectors:
Inner Tracker
Tracker
RPC (TOF)
ZDC
Summary
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Introduction
NICA / MPD project has started
to study of hot & dense strongly interacting QCD matter
& search for possible manifestation of the mixed phase formation &
critical endpoint in heavy ion collisions
/proposed by A.N.Sisakian and A.S.Sorin /
NICA / MPD is a leading LHE project in both
– research program & development of basic facility
in 2008-2015
it is expected that this flagship project provides:
- the frontier researches in heavy ion physics
- attraction of young physicists & worldwide cooperation
- development of new technologies (incl. nanotechnologies)
- essential extra funds
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The new JINR facility based on the upgraded Nuclotron
– heavy Ion collider with max energy SNN = 9 GeV
& mean luminosity of L=1027 cm-2s-1 (for U+U collision)
These investigations are relevant to understanding of the
evolution of the Early Universe and formation of the neutron
stars and the physics of heavy ion collisions.
It will allow to study in-medium properties of hadrons and
nuclear matter equation of state including a search for possible
manifestation of deconfiment and/or chiral symmetry restoration
phase transition & QCD critical end-point
in the energy region of SNN = 3-9 GeV
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NICA complex allocation
MPD
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The first stage of experimental tasks
foresees to study the following effects
(on energy & centrality scanning):
Event-to event fluctuation in hadron productions
(multiplicity, Pt etc.)
HBT correlations indicating the space-time size of the
systems involving π, K, p, Λ
(possible changes close to the de-confiment point)
Directed & elliptic flows for various hadrons
Multi-strange hyperon production:
yield & spectra (the probes of nuclear media phases)
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Possible indication on phase transition
measurements of related yields
for charged kaons & pions
Some enhancement is
indicated in the energy region
around
~ Елаб = 30 А ГэВ
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Basic principles
of experimental approach
Technical solutions should be as simple as possible
Detailed simulation of expected parameters
& corresponding cross-checks by available data
The experiment should fulfill the major requirement:
physical observables must be clearly distinguished
from possible apparatus effects
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Basic principles
of organization to approach
At first approximation
- all sub-detectors could be designed & constructed at JINR
based on the existing expertise & infrastructure
Major sub-detectors (tracker) have alternative design
in order to provide possibility for collaborators to
substitute/accomplish corresponding groups in future
The first realistic draft should be ready by January 2008
The rough cost estimation should be done
by that time as well
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First stage of simulation
(based on UrQMD & GEANT4
in the framework of MPD-Root shell)
Au+Au collisions with total energy of 4.5+4.5 GeV/n
Central interaction within b: 0 – 3 fm
Minimum bias within b: 0 – 15.8 fm
Collision rate at at L=1027 cm-2s-1: ~ 6 kHz
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Collision region
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Charged particle multiplicity
central collision |η|<1, p>100 MeV/c
~ 450
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Momentum spectrum
<P>= 0.4 GeV/c
all
B=0
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momentum spectra
for various particles
0
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π+
π-
K+
K-
2.0 GeV/c
0
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2.0 GeV/c
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MPD General View
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Basic geometry (dimensions) preliminary
Defined as a compromise between:
-TOF requirement
-tracker resolution
-magnetic field formation
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limited by
collider optics
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Magnet
superconducting solenoidal magnet
magnetic field 0.5 T
cryostat inner diameter (available for the detector) ~ 1.5 m
colour step 0.5 Gauss (~1 pm)
- good homogeneity
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MPD major sub-detectors
Inner Tracker (IT) - silicon strip detector
Barrel Tracker (BT) - Straw or TPC
pseudo-rapidity region from -1 to 1
End Cap Tracker (ECT) – Straw Chambers
(to define reaction plane)
Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC)
(to measure Time of Flight)
Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL)
Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC)
(for centrality definition)
Beam-Beam Counters (BBC)
(to define centrality & interaction point)
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Inner Tracker
Complementary detector for track precise reconstruction in
the region close to the interaction piont
Cylindrical geometry (4 layers)
covering the interaction region ~ 50 cm along the beam axis
Possible contribution to the dE/dx measurement
for charged particles
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Longitudinal view of MPD SVT
Collider
chamber
Beams
Detector
module
Carbon ladder
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Transverse view of MPD SVT
Number of modules 357.
Number of detectors 714.
Number of electronic
channels
215 500
35 cm
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Barrel & End Cap Trackers
Straw detector (optional)
BT
major detector for charged particle track reconstruction
and momentum measurement (PT component)
to measure z-coordinate of the hit with acceptable occupancy
-crossing straw geometry is implemented
(hyperbolic shape as the whole)
- each straw is segmented by 18 parts
ECT
the wheels with radial straws
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to define the production plane
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Straw Tracker
preliminary
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Barrel Straw Tracker
Table 1. BARREL STRAW-TRACKER. Diameter of straws – 4 mm.
Module
Rm, сm
∆R, сm
Rate max,
n/сm2
L straw, сm
Number per straw
O,
Lins,
spacers
segments
%
%
Number
straws
channels
L#1 – 454
L#2 – 460
L#1 – 608
L#2 – 614
L#1 – 684
L#2 – 690
L#1 – 808
L#2 – 814
L#1 – 914
L#2 – 920
L#1 – 1068
L#2 – 1074
L#1 – 1294
L#2 – 1300
1М (φ)
30
20÷33
0,047
110
8
18
6,6
12,6
2М
40
34÷42
0,027
130
8
18
6,6
11
3М(φ)
45
43÷49
0,021
140
8
18
6,7
10,2
4М
53
50÷56
0,016
156
8
18
6,6
9,2
5М(φ)
60
58÷65
0,012
170
8
18
6,8
8,4
6М
70
66÷74
0,009
190
8
18
6,7
7,5
7М(φ)
85
78÷88
0,006
220
8
18
6,9
6,5
100
90÷108
0,004
2×150
2×4
2×10
7,1
5,1
L#1 – 1526
L#2 – 1532
61160
114
110÷120
0,003
2×160
2×4
2×10
7
4,7
L#1 – 1800
L#2 – 1800
72000
8М-1
8M-2
9M-1(φ)
9M-2(φ)
Total length of straws: ~ 41 km
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~ 36 000
16452
21996
24732
29196
33012
38556
46692
~ 343 796
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EC Straw Tracker
Table 2.
Modules of End-Cap Straw Tracker (φ). Diameter of straws – 4
mm.
Type
2 x M1
2 x M2
2 x M3
2 x M4
N of
layers
6
6
6
6
L straw,
mm
884
801
719
636
N straws
per layer
302
274
246
217
Total:
N straws per 2
modules
3624
3288
2952
2604
12 470
Number of
channels
14496
13152
11808
10416
49 900
Total length of the straws ≈ 9,7 km
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Occupancy in the straw segments
at various radiuses
R = 30 cm
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R = 115 cm
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TPC option for the Tracker
Preliminary
Specification of TPC / MPD
1. Outer Radius
~120 cm
2. Inner Radius
~20 cm
3. Drift length
~120 cm
4. Number of sectors
12 (from each side)
5. Total number of readout chambers
24 (12 from each side)
6. Drift time
~ 20-30 µsec
7. Multiplicity (central collision)
~ 500
8. Total pad /channels number
~ 70.000
9. ∆E/dX resolution
~ 6% (50 samples x 2 cm)
10. Spatial resolution
~ σz ~3 mm, σx ~ 0,4 mm, σy ~ 3 mm
11. Maximal rate
~ 5 -10 kHz ( Lum. 10^27 )
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Time of Flight
the major detector for particle identification
separation should be provided
for pion / kaon in the momentum range 0-1,5 GeV/c
for proton / kaon in the momentum range 0-2,5 GeV/c
2 stations of scintillation counters situated symmetrically from the
interaction region near the beam pipe give the start signal
RPC detectors on the radius 1,3 m provides the TOF measurement
in addition RPS provides targeting for track reconstruction in BT
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Proposed parameters
Radius from the beam line - 1,3 m
Time resolution
-100 ps
Max momentum of π/K system separated
better than 2,5 σ at 1,3GeV/c
Efficiency (acceptance) for π/K – better than 97%
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Configuration
the RPC TOF system looks like barrel
with the length 4 m and radius of 1,3 m
.
the barrel surface is about 33 m2
the dimensions of one RPC counter is 7 cm x 100 cm
it has 150 pads with size 2,3cm x 2 cm.
the full barrel is covered by 160 counters
the total number of readout channels is 24000
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TOF RPC design
Honeycomb width = 12 cm
Total active area width = 11.2 cm
Strip width = 3 cm
Strip interval = 0.3 cm
Readout strip thickness = 0.5 mm
PCB thickness
= 1.5 mm
Outer glass = 1.1 mm
Inner glass = 0.55 mm
Gas gap
= 0.23 mm
carbon tape = 0.9 mm
Mylar thickness
= 0.25 mm
Honeycomb thickness = 9.5 mm
Inner glass width = 11.2 cm
Outer glass width = 11.5 cm
PCB width = 13 cm
PCB length = 52.8 cm
Outer glass length = 47.4 cm
Strip length = 47 cm
Honeycomb = 48 cm
Inner glass length = 47 cm
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Separation for Central events
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Separation for Central events
π+
p
K+
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Electromagnetic Calorimeter
absorber / scintillator sandwich with MAPD readout
In progress
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Zero Degree Calorimeter
measurement of centrality: b~ A - Nspect
selection of centrality at trigger level
measurement of event-by-event fluctuations
to exclude the fluctuation of participants
monitor of beam intensity by detecting
the neutrons from electromagnetic dissociation
εe / εh
= 1 - compensated calorimeter
Lead / Scintillator sandwich
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Schematic view of ZDC configuration
spectator spots at
Z=3 m Eau=4.5 AGeV
Optional
Very peripheral
collision
Detection
of neutrons.
(4 modules)
Beam hole
X
Full beam intensity.
Minimum 16 modules.
Z
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Summary
The works on MPD design have been started
high activity of many experts
New ideas & suggestions are under consideration still
Full simulation and event reconstruction works
are in progress
The configurations for TPC & Ecal
will be proposed soon
The major milestones are fixed
the Letter of Intend to be ready by January 2008
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Thanks to the working group
NICA center group:
Afanasiev S.V.
Nikitin V.A.
Borisov V.V.
Peshekhonov V.D.
Pavlyuk A.V.
Golovatyuk V.M.
Kurepin A.B.
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+ volunteers
Shabunov A.V.
Potrebenikov YU.K.
Zanevskij Yu.V.
Kiryushin Yu.T.
Murin Yu.A.
Tyapkin I.A.
Arkhipkin D.
Abramyan H.
Avdejchikov V.V.
……
.
…..
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Spare
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Key experiments to understand the fundamental nature of matter
Основные этапы и организация работ
Основные этапы:
I этап:
2007 – 2008 гг.
- Развитие Нуклотрона
- подготовка Технического проекта NICA
- начало испытаний прoтотипов элементов
MPD и NICA
II этап:
2008 – 2012 гг.
- Разработка и создание Бустера нуклотрона
- Разработка и создание коллайдера NICA
и установки MPD
2010 – 2013 гг.
- монтаж коллайдера и установки MPD
III этап:
IV этап:
2013 г.
- наладка и запуск
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Key experiments to understand the fundamental nature of matter
Срочные работы первого этапа:
Требуется показать реализуемость проекта, для чего
необходимо:
Определить и апробировать составляющие субпроекты;
наметить график подготовки полномасштабного
технического проекта (TDR)
Определить основных исполнителей и начать
формирование Международной Коллаборации для его
реализации
Уточнить временную шкалу реализации проекта и его
стоимость; возможные источники финансирования
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Key experiments to understand the fundamental nature of matter
Инициативный (координационный) комитет
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Организован в 2006:
А.Н.Сисакян
А.С.Сорин
В.Д.Тонеев
А.Д.Коваленко
И.Н.Мешков
А.И.Малахов
С.В.Афанасьев
В.А.Никитин
Проводятся регулярные совещания; проведен ряд
расширенных совещаний (в т.ч. «Круглый стол» с
привлечением внешних экспертов)
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Tracker (Barrel Straw Tracker)
preliminary
5 Modules: 1-st, 3-th, 5-th – φ (2; 2; 4 layers); 2-d, 4-th - ± 7o ( 3; 3 layers)
L -2,4 m; R - from 20 cm to 120 cm
4 mm in diameter straws – 12 610;
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Tracker (Barrel Straw Tracker)
continuation
4 mm in diameter segmented straws, L -2,4 m: – 12 610 pc
Segmentation of 1-st and 2-d modules:
20 cm
60 cm
40 cm
Total: 61860 channels
Segmentation of 3-th, 4-th and 5-th modules:
60
cm
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60
cm
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