Transcript The Church’s Foundation

The Church’s Foundation
Jesus Christ Establishes His Church
First Things
 What is History?
 History of persons, events, movements
 History of ideas, thoughts, teachings
 What is the Church? (Read page 11-13)
 Human: Institution
 Divine: Person
 Human & Divine: Mystical Body
 Marks: (read page 13)
When Does the Church Begin?
 Adam
 Communion / Relationship
 Abraham
 Chosen / Covenant
 Moses
 First official act of worship begins with Aaron
 David
 United
 KEY: “The principal purpose to which the plan of the old
covenant was directed was to prepare for the coming of
Christ.” (Dei Verbum)
Beginnings
 Jesus
 Christ-ian
 Pentecost (read p. 8)
 Schism
 Peter & Paul
 Growth
 See p. 10 map
 70 AD
 Separation
History of Jesus
 When He was born
 See Map p. 5
 Shepherds & Magi set theme
 Jews & Gentiles
 Key Teaching
 Sermon on the Mount (Mt 5-7)
 Last Supper Discourse (Jn 13-17)
 Key Event: Paschal Mystery
 Passion, Death, Resurrection
 Record of Life: Gospels (next slide)
 Use p. 7
Complete Chart
Matthew
Who is he?
Audience
Symbol
Picture of
Jesus
Mark
Luke
John
Other Sources
 Other sources for Jesus’ Life
 Historical records (crucifixion record)
 Josephus
 Protoevangelium
 Apocryphal accounts
Review
 Let’s hope this works:
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TG55ErfdaeY&list=P
LKBh4lJG5Bwnm2KwuWI6Iv0pV9b2Rm4nU&index=6
 After the video: The importance of the history (for the
church)
 Abraham
 Jesus
 Paul
 Constantine
The Apostles
Part One
The Twelve
 What is the background of these men?
 Disciples (120+) – See Acts 1
 Ethnicity & Religion
 Profession
 Education
 How do they become Apostles
 Apostle means… (see John 20)
 Qualifications (see Acts 1)
 Job Description (see Mt 28, Lk 24, Acts 1)
Peter & Paul
 Peter: The Inside Man
 Historical Details
 Pentecost
 Key Event = Read Acts 10.10-16
 Paul: The Converted Enemy
 Prayers of St Stephen
 Damascus Road
Paul & Gentiles
 Paul’s Travels
 Four journeys
 Map pp. 20-21
 What areas does Paul cover? Where is his home base?
 Where does his last trip end?
 Dissention about Paul
 Council of Jerusalem (Acts 15)
 Three Mosaic
 Dietary = idols
 Commandments (sixth commandments)
 Circumcision = baptism
 Issues
 Resolution
The Apostles
Part Two
After Pentecost
 The life of each apostle
 Their land
 Their death
 Persecution
 Why by Jews?
 Why by Romans?
Beliefs & Practices
Worship
 Influence of Judaism
 Mass
 Daily Prayer (Morning, 3rd, 6th, 9th, Evening)
 Importance of 70 AD
 What Replaced Sacrifices?
 In Judaism
 In Christianity
Reception into the Church
 Catechumenate
 KEY: Most converts are adults
 Role of Sponsors/Godparents
 Vouch for candidate
 Mentor candidate (Focus: Morality)
 Make sure they understand potential persecution
 Text: Our Father, Creed (Commandments)
 Rite of Initiation
 Easter Vigil
 Three sacraments at once
Practices: The Didache
 Two Ways (1.1)
 Way of Life = Be Jesus (1.2-1.6)
 Keep the Commandments (2.1-2.2)
 Flee from evil (3.1-3.5)
 Live like the saints (4.2; 4.7-4.11)
 Way of Death (5.1-5.2)
Practices: The Didache
 Sacraments & Sacramentals
 Baptism (7.1-7.4)
 Fasting & Prayer (8.1-8.3)
 Eucharist (9.4-9.5; 10.2)
 Hospitality (11.1-11.2; 12.1-12.5)
 Lord’s Day (14.1-2)
 Episcopacy / Hierarchy (15.1)
 Eschatology – Watch! (16.1-16.8)
Mass
 Where
 Catacombs/Cemeteries
 Homes
 What is Agape?
 What is Eucharist?
 Belief about bread and wine
 Transubstantiation
 Words consecrate
Scriptures
 Old Testament
 Changed by Jews after 70 AD
 New Testament Canon
 How it was developed
 The List (382 AD)
Early Christian Writers
Martyrs
 Define “Martyr”
 About
 To
 For
 Earliest
 Holy Innocents
 St Stephen
 St James
 Apostles
Apologists
 Define Apologist
 St Justin Martyr
 Investigate the charges against us with an open mind
 Tertullian
 Lawyer; wrote in Latin
 Explain faith to Romans and Europeans
 “See how they love each other”
 St Hippolytus
 Record of the Mass
Transforming Culture
 Used philosophy; not anti-intellectual (Justin Martyr)
 Trans-cultural; trans-ethnic; trans-economic (Diogenese)
 “[T]he Christians are distinguished from other men neither
by country, nor language, nor the customs which they
observe…following the customs of the natives in respect to
clothing, food, and the rest of their ordinary conduct”
 “They have a common table, but not a common bed. They
are in the flesh, but they do not live after the flesh. They
pass their days on earth, but they are citizens of heaven.
They obey the prescribed laws, and at the same time
surpass the laws by their lives. They love all men and are
persecuted by all.”
 “[W]hat the soul is to the body, that are Christians in the
world”
Transforming Culture
 Willing to die for their faith
 Focused on needs of others, especially the poor
 Mercenary doctors
 “See how they love one another.” (Tertullian)
 “On the monthly day, if he likes, each puts in a small
donation; but only if it be his pleasure, and only if he be
able: for there is no compulsion; all is voluntary. These gifts
are . . . not spent on feasts, and drinking-bouts, and
eating-houses, but to support and bury poor people, to
supply the wants of boys and girls destitute of means and
parents, and of old persons confined now to the house;
such, too, as have suffered shipwreck; and if there happen
to be any in the mines or banished to the islands or shut up
in the prisons, for nothing but their fidelity to the cause of
God's Church, they become the nurslings of their
confession” (Tertullian)
Transforming Culture
 Respected government while opposing governmental
policies
 “We pray, too, for the emperors, for their ministers and for
all in authority, for the welfare of the world, for the
prevalence of peace, for the delay of the final
consummation.” (Tertullian)
 “by inculcations of God’s precepts we confirm good habits”
(Tertullian)
 ". . . Christianity served as a revitalization movement
that arose in response to the misery, chaos, fear, and
brutality of life in the urban Greco-Roman world. . . .
Christianity revitalized life in Greco-Roman cities by
providing new norms and new kinds of social
relationships able to cope with many urgent problems.”
(Stark)