Transcript Geospatial standards

Geospatial standards
Beyond FGDC
Geog 458: Map Sources and Errors
March 3, 2006
Outlines
• Major developers of geospatial standards
– ISO TC 211
– OGC
• Geospatial metadata content standards
– Transition from CSDGM to ISO metadata
ISO/TC 211
• ISO is an international, independent, and formal standard
organizations
– ANSI is the U.S. member body of ISO
• ISO/TC 211 is responsible for standardization in the field of digital
geographic information
• Ultimate
– Their standards will form ultimate geospatial standards across
public/private or any geographic level
– Some generic FGDC-approved standards will migrate into ISO TC 211
standards
• Transition from FGDC metadata content standard to ISO metadata content
standards
• Comprehensive
– Standards will specify methods, tools and services for data
management (including definition and description), acquiring,
processing, analyzing, accessing, presenting and transferring such data
in digital/electronic form between different users, systems and locations.
OGC
• Non-profit, international, voluntary consensus standard
organization
• Develops standards for geospatial and location based
services
– Transition from GISystem to GIService
– Concept of internet (wired/ wireless) as market place than route
• Open environment
– Focus on open and extensible software application programming
interfaces for GIS; promotes OO paradigms or interoperability
• Technical
– Focus on lower-level geospatial activities (e.g. implementing web
mapping interface, defining geometry type)
– Their works include web map service, web feature service, web
catalogue service, and location based service
What’s new with ISO metadata
standard?
• Contents
– CSDGM similar & new elements
– Domains and conditionality
– Essential or core elements
• Formats
– Document or production rules have disappeared
– Formatted for better interoperability: UML or XML
– Multi-level metadata
ISO Metadata: content
CSDGM Similar Elements
– Many elements overlap
• Distribution, identification, spatial reference
– new terminology and definitions
CSDGM = Originator
ISO = Responsible Party
w/ Role = originator
custodian
owner
publisher….
ISO Metadata: content
New (non-CSDGM) Elements
– International elements
Data / Metadata Language
– Extended elements
CSDGM = geographic and temporal extent
ISO = geographic, temporal, & vertical extent
– Lacking elements
ISO Topic Category – 19 standardized subject
categories to facilitate data discovery
ISO Metadata: content
Domains and Conditionality
– More fixed domains in place of free text
Responsible Party - Role and Topic Categories
represented as codes
• Role = Originator (006)
• Topic Category = Transportation (018)
– Fewer mandatory elements
Core contains only 7 mandatory elements
– More optional elements
ISO metadata: core elements
Dataset title
Spatial representation type
Dataset reference date
Reference system
Dataset responsible party
Lineage statement
Geographic location
On-line resource
Dataset language
Metadata file identifier
Dataset character set
Metadata standard name
Dataset topic category
Metadata standard version
Spatial resolution
Metadata language
Abstract
Metadata character set
Distribution format
Metadata point of contact
Additional extent info (vert / temp)
Metadata date stamp
all national profiles of ISO must include the core
*mandatory
ISO metadata: UML
The format of the standard itself is changing. CSDGM was published as a document.
ISO 19115 is published as a UML diagram and a supporting Data Dictionary
ISO metadata: XML
ISO 19139 will be published as an XML schema with supporting documentation.
Why format change?
Create more consistent, robust metadata
– Metadata is currently created in multiple
formats (txt, doc, html, etc.) with the least
robust, txt, format serving as the primary
metadata transfer format
1) internally harvest metadata from the
data and (i.e. more automated feature)
2) manage data.
Multi-level metadata
• Hierarchical organization of metadata
– Data Series - wetlands
– Dataset - Paducah wetlands
– Feature Type - marsh
– Feature Instance - Mandy’s Marsh
– Attribute Type - salinity
– Attribute Instance - actual % water
salinity
Greater dependency on tools
• Since the standard has been crafted as a series
of UML diagrams and XML schemas, those
metadata experts use to referencing the
CSDGM standard document must now choose…
do they:
1) learn UML and XML so that they can work with
the standard directly or
2) put faith in the tools to provide a useful interface
to the standard?
3)This is somewhat analogous to the move from
the GIS command line to the graphic user
interface.
Preparing transition to ISO
metadata
• Any conversion tools between CSDGM
and ISO metadata?
– FGDC contracted Intergraph/SMMS
– ArcCatalog
• ArcCatalog provides ISO metadata editor
(only includes core elements)
Preparing transition to ISO
metadata
• Add one or more ISO Topic Categories to your
existing CSDGM metadata records as
Theme_Keywords
boundaries
oceans
health
transportation
economy
society
elevation
farming
location
biota
structure
environment
utilitiesCommunication
intelligenceMilitary
geoscientificInformation
inlandWaters
imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
planningCadastre
climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere