Transcript School on experiments in physics Mapping nature on, in and

INNOVATIVE SCHOOL
DESIGN FOR SCIENCE
EDUCATION
Mirjana Božić*, Vesna Milićević-Antonić**,
Slavica Nikolić***
*Institute of Physics, Belgrade, Serbia, **Bureau
BAJIN, Belgrade, Serbia, *** AIA, New York, USA
International symposium on Advanced Technologies in
Education, Athens, Greece, January 26-27, 2007.
Designing science laboratory for
tomorrow
Knowledge about basic natural laws
• created and accumulated by greatest scientists through an
impressive historical endeavour
• students should have the opportunity to repeat their experience
and reasoning
• such a goal imposes that a wider space than a classroom is
necessary. One needs a corridor, a courtyard, a roof, a terrace in
order to incorporate devices and elements for mapping natural
phenomena and studying them
• This can be achieved treating the school building and its
environment as a 3D lecture book and Lab
CREATORS AND DEVELOPERS
OF THE CONCEPT OF A SCHOOL AS A
3D LECTURE BOOK AND LAB
SCIENCE EDUCATORS
and
SCHOOL DESIGNERS
SCIENCE
EDUCATORS
Deck the Halls columns, The Physics Teacher, 1972-2001
J. Meinke, real science done outdoors, since 1990, New Community
Networks (Communities created and developing through the use
of Internet)_
PHYSARCH: School Architecture and Physics Education -part of
the project WYP2005 Europe, 2003 International Conference on Physics education and School Design,
Belgrade, 2005
Finnish National Board of Education, Conference
The school of tomorrow – learning environment, pedagogy and
architecture, 2006
Examples from The Cosmic Perspective, by Bennett et. al.
(Pearson Addison Wesley, )
SCHOOL
DESIGNERS
DESIGNSHARE – International Forum for Innovative school
design, Annual Honnour Awards for school designs, since 2000.
P.Nair and R. Fielding, The Language of School Design, 2005.
American Arch. Foundation, National Summit on School Design, 2003
School Building Organization S.A., Greece, development of school
facilities, 1998-
International Students’ Competition, Design ideas for school as a
lecture book of physics, organized by the Inst. Phys. and Faculty of
Architecture, Belgrade, 2006
Designers of NUS High school for SE, Singapore, 2005
Spielgeraete-Richter, Play stations for developing senses,
COGNITIVE INSTALLATIONS AND PATTERNS
proposed and developed by the above mentioned science educators
and school designers
PROMOTE
- science & scientific methods
- rational thinking technique
- scientific concepts and ideas
- information & and communication necessity
- scientific opinion, debate, critique, dialogue, doubts
- overcoming of scientific problem and inter-disciplinary dispense
- curiosity, motivation and willingness for engagement
- energy saving
-new aesthetics
COGNITIVE INSTALLATIONS AND
PATTERNS
Are applicable to:
• Environmental issues
• Teaching method and curriculum
• Self-education
• Meeting the scientists
• Approach to IT resources
• Research projects
• Psycho-social activities
HISTORY
• Inhabitants of Lepenski Vir
on Danube knew 8000 years
ago to devide a circle into six
equal parts. The remains of
their buildings are testimony
of their knowledge of
geometry. The base of their
buildings was a trapeze, cut
from an angle of 60 degrees
Sculptures
of artists
from
Lepenski Vir
Home base of inhabitants of
Lepenski vir tell us about their
knowledge of basic elements of
an equilateral triangle and its
relation to a circle.
Learning about number pi and basic elements of
infinitesimal calculus by imitating architects from
Lepenski Vir and Archimedes
The meaning of the number pi would be understood and
remembered properly for ever if thought by measuring radiuses
ri and circumferences Oi of many large concentric circles drawn
in a courtyard and by evaluating the ratios Oi/ri.
If a corridor and a courtyard of a school would be decorated with a
series of circles having inscribed more and more regular polygons,
the idea of a limit and its use in infinitesimal calculus would become
familiar to very young students.
Retrograde motion of planets may be demonstrated on a school wall
with two students moving with appropriate speeds along two
concentric circles in a courtyard
.
J.Bennett at al., the Cosmic Perspective
To repeat Erathostenes measurement of the radius of the
Earth, a column in the courtyard is very useful. It is useful
for physical geography in general.
TRACKS ALONG STAIRCASE WITH BELLS TO PERFORM FREE FALL
EXPERIMENTS IN GALILEO WAY
FROM ONE OF EIGHTEEIN WORKS AT THE STUDENT COMPETITIION
This picture from
Astronomie, The
Modern Perspective
suggests in an ideal
way how to use school
design to teach basic
elements of a cone.
The sections of a cone
are crucial for
understanding and
memorizing the
classification of
orbits in the
gravitational field.
R. Szostak, Simple hands-on experiments for teaching astronomy, Hands onExperiments in Physics Education, Proc. ICPE-GIREP International Conference, Duisburg, Germany,
1988, ed. by G. Born, H. Harreis, H. Litschke, N. Treitz (Didaktik der Physik, Duisburg, 1999).
Transparent dome with a diaphragm and a mechanism to
record daily and annual path of the Sun.
Observing day - night line on a properly oriented globe.
in a Science park of school yard
On a globe having the same
orientation as the Earth one
may observe and determine the
position of a day-night line and its
motion over the Earth.
Chlore Garden of Science,
Weizmann Institute of Science,
U.S. Naval Observatory
Astronomical Applications Department
Day and Night Across the Earth on 2004 Oct 10 at 14:39 UT
Max Valier observatory
The shadow of the globe axis may be also used to determine
approximately the true local time. It is just necessary to draw on the
horizontal surface below the globe, the time scale appropriate for the
local place.
Traditional equatorial sundail
is a simplified form of a globe
which simulates Earth's
orientation and has an extended
axis. It is as a cut off, along the
equator and the axis, from a
globe which simulates Earth's
orientation.
Courtyard tyling
Vegetation
Amphitheater
Whether recorder at the University
of Trondheim
Sun rays focused by
the sphere record
sunny days in
Trondheim by
burning small areas
on a plate behind a
sphere.
The basic phenomena and properties of light were
discovered and studied using the Sun as a source of
light. A peace of reflecting material on an outside
wall of the school building would help teachers to
demonstrate polarization under reflection
This would be
in just the
same way as
Malus
discovered
polarization
by
contemplating
through a
calcite crystal
light reflected
from the
windows of
the
Luxembourg
Palace in
Paris.
Filters and mirrors on a window to observe
color mixing of sunlight
Simulation using the program
3D studio
Model for demonstration
Optical illusions
Rotating discs
Spielgeraete-Richter, Play stations for developing senses
Energy saving
Solar roofing
Solar cladding
Such a picture on ceramic tiles
would inspire students to think
about this nice phenomena, its
cause and explanation.
Can you calculate the speed of
the water in point A? Can you
write an equation for the
trajectory?
Deck the Halls columns, The
Physics Teacher
First prize at the 2005 Design
Award Program of Designsshare
Very appropriate
device for teaching
basic laws of
hydrodynamics and to
illustrate roots of the
quadratic equation
ECHO TUBE
Deck the Halls columns, The Physics Teacher
Deck the Halls columns, The Physics Teacher
Melodic fence
Spielgeraete-Richter, Play
stations for developing senses
could be incorporated into school buildings
in various ways:
as elements of columns
as decorations in the corners or
along the edges of the rooms
on the staircase
in the shape of the building
on the ceilings, floors, etc.
The concept of a primitive cell So, students could easily learn about
of crystals in nature
symmetries and how symmetry determines
the shapes in nature.
FROM ONE OF EIGHTEEIN WORKS AT THE STUDENT COMPETITIION
NUS High School for Mathematics and Sciences in Singapore
Winner at the Design-Share Awards program, 2006
•“Ideas include extracting the dynamic form of a double helix
from the structure of DNA, and interpreting it into the form of
an abstracted ‘nano tube stairway’ at the entry lobby.
•The main entrance ‘Periodic Façade’ was designed as an
abstract version of the periodic table, with different parts of
the elevation relating to different groups of elements.
•The ‘Pi Wall’ is derived from the mathematical concept of Pi,
and consists of a mosaic of rectangular perforated aluminum
panels that are translated into the decimal digits of Pi through
a number-coded color system.
•The Eco-Learning Trail allows students to learn about
natural habitats and natural processes. The aquatic and eco
systems, flora and fauna provide students with real life
examples, enriching their total learning experience.”
NUS High School for Mathematics and Science, Singapore
NUS High School for Mathematics and Science, Singapore
CONCLUSION
• Fortunately science educators and architects
initiated and cordially carry out innovative school design as
well as improvement of learning environment as a whole.
• In order to turn these efforts into general practice there are
other parties that should necessarily fully cooperate:
school administration
investors and developers
Right example for this is cooperation between School
Building Organization S.A. and Government in Greece
In Serbia this process is on its way to take pace with Europe.