Transcript Diapositiva 1

IAEA REGIONAL WORKSHOP
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
&
IMPLEMENTATION
SPANISH APPROACH
L&ILW AND VLLW
Mariano Navarro, José L. Leganés
November 2009
VILNIUS
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
MAIN TOPICS
1. PLANNING THE WAC
2. DISPOSAL UNITS ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
3. L&ILW CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
4. VLLW CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
PLANNING THE WAC
METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING A RADIOLOGICAL INVENTORY




EXPECTED INVENTORY OF RADIONUCLIDES
Fuel neutron irradiation (ORIGEN,…).
Activation of components (mainly dismantling waste).
Coolant transfer mechanisms of radionuclides.
Decontamination processes to the main operational waste streams.
EXPECTED MASS AND VOLUME OF WASTE PRODUCED AND TO PRODUCE
Waste produced during operational life of nuclear installation, and waste to produce during dismantling process.
RADIONUCLIDE WEIGHTING AND CUT-OFF PROCESS
Radiological hazard of each radionuclide considered.
Half-life of the radionuclides.
Basic scenarios considered (RESRAD,…).
CLASSIFICATION OF WASTES
VLLW
L&ILW
HLW
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
PLANNING THE WAC
MAIN SUBJECTS OBTAINED FROM INVENTORY ANALYSIS

MAIN ISOTOPES OF INTEREST
Different Inventories can be addressed depending on the waste classification.
 MOST CONDUCIVE WASTE STREAMS TO THE INVENTORY
Resins for L&ILW, heterogeneous for VLLW, and Activated and fuel for HLW.
 MASS AND VOLUME OF WASTE STREAMS
Evaporate concentrates waste can contribute a lot in volume for L&ILW, but the activity content is
extremely low in comparison with resins.
Compactable in VLLW or even in I&LLW can contribute a lot in volumen.
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
PLANNING THE WAC
WAC DIRECTLY RELATED TO






TOTAL WASTE TO BE DISPOSED.
Volume optimization requirements.
Volume dilution constraints.
TOTAL ACTIVITY TO BE DISPOSED.
Activity delimitation as a function of waste classification.
SCENERIOS CONSIDERED & ENGINEERING BARRIERS.
Leaching and diffusion values.
Maximum specific activity, dose rate.
WASTE NATURE.
Pre-treatment, treatment and conditioning.
TRANSPORT TO THE REPOSITORY.
A.D.R. fulfilment.
PRODUCER AND REPOSITORY MANAGEMENT MEANS.
Maximum package size, mass, dose rate.
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
WAC FRAMEWORK
ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
FOR DISPOSAL UNITS OF
L&ILW AND VLLW
031-ES-IN-0002
ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR PACKAGES
031-ES-IN-0011 --- FOR L&ILW
031-ES-IN-0015 --- FOR VLLW
LICENSE DOCUMENTATION APPROVED BY THE
REGULATORY BODY
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
DISCUSSED WITH THE PRODUCER
IN AGREEMENT WITH WAC OF DU
ENRESA
ACCEPTANCE METHODOLOGY
031-PC-IN-0004 ---- FOR L&ILW
031-PC-IN-0003 --- FOR VLLW
ACCEPTABLE METHODOLGIES
FOR ACTIVITY DETERMINATION
031-ES-IN-0003 ---- FOR L&ILW
031-ES-IN-0019 --- FOR VLLW
November 2009
INTERNAL PROCEDURE
INFORMATION TO THE PRODUCER
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
INFORMATION TO THE PRODUCER
SUBJECT TO
REGULATORY
BODY
INSPECTIONS AND
COMMENTS
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
DISPOSAL UNITS ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR DU (031-ES-IN-0002, Rev. 1, Jul.08)

Part I: Acceptance criteria for L&ILW-DU, assigned to cells 1 to 28

Part II: Acceptance criteria for VLLW-DU, assigned to cells 29 to 32
November 2009
o
New part, based on the French reference installation criteria
o
The concept of VLLW-DU BATCH is introduced
o
More flexibility in the VLLW-DU types
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
L&ILW DISPOSAL UNITS ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA


Disposal Unit components:

Container

Waste Packages

Gap filler material (mortar for blocking and sealing)
Activity criteria

Level 1 ≈ LLW
Level 2 ≈ ILW
 Limit of activity heterogeneity


Container:

Design approved by Regulatory Body

Transport requirements

Non radiological criteria

Mechanical properties of the DU
November 2009
Container of Disposal Unit:
 Approved by Regulatory Body.
 Retrievability.
 A.D.R. fulfilment.
 Structural properties (strength, diffusion).
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
L&ILW DISPOSAL UNITS ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA


Disposal Unit of Level 1:

Specific activity determined with total mass excluding shielding material.

Limit of activity heterogeneity.
Disposal Unit of Level 2:

Mechanical properties of components.

Thermal cycles.

Diffusion/leaching properties.

Specific activity determined with components that fulfill the retainable limits.

Limit of activity heterogeneity.
November 2009
RETAINABLE OR
CONFINABLE LIMITS
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
L&ILW WASTE PACKAGES ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

In total agreement with DU Criteria: packages immobilized in a Disposal Unit, that fulfill the WAC of WP,
automatically fulfill the WAC of DU, and only a generic document is required for justifying it.
 Activity criteria:

Waste Package Level 1
 Waste Package Level 2
 Process of production
 Typified (methodology of Producer Book and Process Book).

Non Typified (mainly historical waste packages).
 Fissile content
 Non radiological criteria
 Lack of substances that promote leaching, could explode, etc.
 General criteria

Package Identification, dimensions, degree of filling, transport criteria, lack of free liquid, etc.
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
L&ILW WASTE PACKAGES ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

Waste Package Level 1:

Solidified Homogeneous waste (resins, sludge, evaporator concentrates):
o


Mechanical limits (compression, before and after immersion).
Blocked waste (cartridge filters, dried sludge, ashes):
o
Thickness of the mortar/concrete sleeve
o
Mechanical limits (compression) of the sleeve.
Heterogeneous waste:
November 2009
o
Compactable waste: segregation process.
o
Non compactable waste: gap filling.
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
L&ILW WASTE PACKAGES ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

Waste Package Level 2:



Solidified Homogeneous waste (resins, sludge, evaporator concentrates):
o
Strongest mechanical limits (compression, traction. Before and after immersion, thermal cycles).
o
Leaching limits.
Blocked waste (cartridge filters, dried sludge, ashes):
o
Thickness of the mortar/concrete sleeve
o
Strongest mechanical limits (compression), and thermal cycles of the sleeve.
o
Diffusion limits
Heterogeneous waste:
November 2009
o
Compactable waste: Try to avoid its production.
o
Non compactable waste: Try to avoid its production
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
L&ILW WAC IMPLEMENTATION

GENERIC ACCEPTANCE of a Waste Package-Type
 Description
o
Nature of the waste.
o
Way of waste conditioning.
o
Activity content (Co-60 Cs-137).
o
Quality assurance.
 Checking

Description of activity methodology.
o
Mechanical Test.
o
Leaching/diffusion test.
o
Transport requirements.
o
Waste package process approval
DOCUMENTARY ACCEPTANCE of specific packages
checking datasheets previously transmitted.
CONTRACTUAL ACCEPTANCE at the delivery
 Transfer
November 2009
NON TYPIFIED
(HISTORICAL)
Producer
Book
Producer
Information
Process
Book
Acceptance
Dossier
WAC.
o
 After

by the producers
TYPIFIED
of responsibility to ENRESA.
ENRESA
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
L&ILW WAC IMPLEMENTATION
 A LILW waste package produced in accordance with an approved Producer Document.
TYPIFIED WASTE PACKAGE
NON TYPIFIED WASTE PACKAGE
LEVEL 1
NON COMPLIANT WASTE
PACKAGE AND NON TYPIFIED
LEVEL 2
NON TYPIFIED LEVEL 2
November 2009
 WP acceptance produces a Process Book, applicable to those packages whose production
have been carried out following that Process Book.
 A LILW waste package not produced in accordance with a Producer Document
methodology (historical package).
 WP acceptance produces an Acceptance Dossier, applicable to an ensemble of waste
packages.
 A non compliant waste package is a LILW waste package that tries to fulfil the Process
Book methodology but presents significant deviations from the Acceptance Criteria.
 WP acceptance depends on the edition of a Process Dossier (methodology currently
under revision).
 A non typified level 2 package can be accepted via Acceptance Dossier when complying
the requirements of typified level 2 WAC.
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
L&ILW WAC IMPLEMENTATION
ACCEPTANCE METHODOLOGY FOR L&ILW WASTE
PACKAGES
TYPIFIED PACKAGE
NON COMPLIANT
PACKAGE
NON TYPIFIED PACKAGE
Producer Book
LEVEL 2
LEVEL 1
LEVEL 2
Process Book
November 2009
LEVEL 1
Acceptance
Dossier
YES
TYPIFIED LEVEL 2
WAC FULFILMENT
NO
Process Dossier
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
L&ILW WAC IMPLEMENTATION
PRODUCTION CONTROL (IN SITU):



Resources Control (Type I):

Carried out when the producer launches a new Package-Type (i.e. new Producer Book)

Check whether the producer resources are in agreement or not with the Producer Book.
Activity Control (Type II):

Verification of the activity determination methodology approved for a package-type in the acceptance documents

Performed when there are great differences between producers and ENRESA calculation.
Process Audit (Type III):


Documental verification of the overall waste package production process.
Process Control (Type IV):

In situ attendance to the production of one or several waste packages.
TECHNICAL VERIFICATION TEST:

Test performed on actual packages.

Gamma spectrometry, mechanical test, radiochemical analysis, etc.
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
L&ILW WAC IMPLEMENTATION
TESTS
 Visual and photographic inspection of package
 Dose rate of package
 Weight of container
 Dimensional control(*)
 Verify values of 60Co and 137Cs given by the producer (gamma
spectrometry over the whole package)
 Visual x-ray inspection (**)
 Determination of weak  emitters
 Determination of  emitters
 Chemical determination
 Absence of free liquid
 Correct setting of the matrix
 Uniaxial mechanical resistance (***)
(*) Only for non irradiating waste packages
(**) As required
(***) Other checks may also be considered
November 2009
TYPE OF TECHNICAL VERIFICATION TESTS
TYPE 1
TYPE 2
TYPE 3
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
VLLW DISPOSAL UNITS ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
NON RADILOGICAL CLASSIFICATION:


VLLW considered non-hazardous

Inert waste, IW, those which show no significant changes with time, just like minerals or substances in
relation to natural soil substrate (soil, debris, etc.).

Equivalent to non-hazardous waste, NHW, those which show slow changes with time and slow
environment release rates, just like scrap iron and non ferrous materials (pipes, equipments, textiles,
plastics, etc.).
VLLW considered hazardous waste, HW, those which have chemical contaminants that produce toxic risks in
addition to the radioactivity.
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
VLLW DISPOSAL UNITS ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
GENERAL CRITERIA

VLLW DU will be accepted in terms of batches.

The container has to prevent from material dispersion.

Hazardous wastes require previous stabilization process.

Inert wastes and non-hazardous wastes could be conditioned by means of gap filling.

Non pulverulent, but fine grain Inert wastes, could be used for volume optimization of others
VLLW.

Lack of explosive materials, corrosive, oxidizing, flammable, pyrophoric, with gas, with T>60°,
rottenable, fermentable …

Not allowed: Encapsulated sources, liquid aqueous or organic waste without solidification.
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
VLLW DISPOSAL UNITS ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
RADIOLOGICAL CRITERIA


Isotopic activities over the threshold of declaration
Acceptance Index:
AIDU ≤ 10
AIBatch ≤ 1
AIDU
AMi

i AM maxi
 M AI

M
l
AIBatch
DU l
l
l
l

Each producer has to describe the VLLW radiological inventory.

Justification of the presence of specific isotopes and the absence of the rest of those present in the VLLW
WAC list.

Each producer has to describe the VLLW activity determination.
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
VLLW WASTE PACKAGE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
NO ADDITIONAL TREATMENT AT EL CABRIL REPOSITORY
VLLW-DU
VLLW PACKAGES
ADDITIONAL TREATMENT AT EL CABRIL REPOSITORY
VLLW-DU
HW STABILIZATION
GAP FILLING
COMPACTATION
VLLW-DU
VLLW PACKAGES
November 2009
VLLW-DU
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
VLLW WASTE PACKAGE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
CRITERIA RELATED TO THE PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS
 INERT WASTE (IW)
 Origin and production process
 Physical- chemical description of the waste and processes made.
 NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE (NHW)
 Not metallic: quantifying cellulose components
 Metallic: ratio of the different metals and ratio stainless steel / carbon steel, in case of Iron waste.
 HAZARDOUS WASTE (HW)
 4 < pH < 13.
 Soluble ratio < 10% of the dry waste mass.
 Leaching limits. In case of not verification of leaching criteria, the waste should be stabilized.
 Identify complexing substances: inorganic, organic.
 Identify asbestos.
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
VLLW WASTE PACKAGE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
BUILIDING BATCHES
 There can not be in the same batch both packages having hazardous waste and packages having non hazardous waste.
 There can not be in the same batch both waste packages requiring stabilization and non requiring stabilization.
LOGICAL AND OPERATIVE SECUENCE:
 The same producer
 The same waste nature.
 The same isotopic composition
 The same stabilization process.
 The same type of container.
BUT A BATCH COULD BE COMPRISED OF:
 Different containers.
 Several waste natures.
 Different producers.
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
VLLW WAC IMPLEMENTATION

GENERIC ACCEPTANCE of a Waste Package-Type
Description
o
Nature of the waste.
o
IW, NHW or HW, treatment.
o
Activity content (Co-60 Cs-137).
o
Quality assurance.
Checking

VLLW
Producer
Book
NON TYPIFIED
(HISTORICAL)
VLLW
Producer
Information
WAC.
o
Description of activity methodology.
o
Stabilization, gap filling, volume optimization.
o
Leaching test (HW).
Characterization
Study
Characterization
Dossier
DOCUMENTARY ACCEPTANCE of specific Batch
Additional
Checking

by the producers
TYPIFIED
Treatment at El Cabril, if required
datasheets transmitted.
CONTRACTUAL ACCEPTANCE at the delivery
Transfer
November 2009
of responsibility to ENRESA.
Acceptance File
ENRESA
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
VLLW WAC IMPLEMENTATION
VLLW ACCEPTED BY
L&ILW METHODOLOGY
VLLW
Packages
YES
L&ILW PROCESS BOOK
ALSO VALID FOR VLLW PACKAGETYPE
VLLW
Disposal
Units
November 2009
NO
NO
HISTORICAL
VLLW PACKAGES
VLLW
PRODUCER BOOK
ENRESA DEVELOPS THE
CHARACTERIZATION STUDY
ACCEPTANCE FILE: BATCH OF VLLW DU
TURNS VLLW PACKAGES INTO VLLW DISPOSAL UNITS.
ADDITIONAL PACKAGE PROCESSING COULD BE REQUIERED
YES
VLLW
PRODUCER INFORMATION
ENRESA DEVELOPS THE
CHARACTERIZATION STUDY
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
VLLW WAC IMPLEMENTATION
PRODUCTION CONTROL (IN SITU):
 Audit
Control:
 Documental verification of the overall waste package production process.
 For producer with VLLW volumes above 200 m3/year.
 Activity Control:
 Every 500 m3 or every 5 years.
 Performed on a data sheet provided by the producer prior to acceptance process
 Process Control:
 In situ attendance to the production of one or several waste packages.
 Performed when the production is above 100 m3/year.
TECHNICAL VERIFICATION TEST (AT EL CABRIL LABORATORY):
 Performed on accepted packages.
 Gamma spectrometry.
 Radiochemical analysis.
 Leaching test.
November 2009
WASTE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA AND IMPLEMENTATION
GENERAL WAC IMPLEMENTATION
NON TYPIFIED
INFORMATION
031-ES-IN-0011
A.C. FOR L&ILW
PACKAGES
EVALUATION
ACCEPTANCE
DOSSIER
ACCEPTANCE
METHODOLOGY FOR
L&ILW 031-PC-IN-0004
PRODUCER´S
BOOK
APPROVAL
PROCESS BOOK
031-ES-IN-0002
ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
FOR DU
L&ILW-DU
L&ILW-DU
ACCEPTANCE
DOC.
ACCEPTANCE
FILE
Part I: AC FOR L&ILW-DU
Part II: AC FOR VLLW-DU
VLLW-DU
VLLW-DU
ACCEPTANCE DOC.
ACCEPTANCE FILE
031-ES-IN-0015
A.C. FOR VLLW
PACKAGES
INFORMATION
BY THE
PRODUCER
ACCEPTANCE DOSSIER/
CHARACTERIZATION DOSSIER
ACCEPTANCE
METHODOLOGY FOR
VLLW 031-PC-IN-0003
November 2009
VLL
PRODUCER´S
BOOK
APPROVAL
CHARACTERIZATION
STUDY
ACCEPTANCE
ACCEPTANCE
EXPEDIENT
FILE