Transcript Nile Basin Initiative - California Institute for Water

4th Rosenberg Biennial
International Forum on Water
Policy.
Transboundary Water
Cooperation
The Nile Basin Case
by
Hon. Martha Karua
Minister for Water Resources Management and
Development,Kenya &Nile-COM Chair.
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1.The Nile Basin





Burundi
D.R.
Congo
Egypt
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
Rwanda
Sudan
Tanzania
Uganda
Challenges
History
Climatic
 Poverty
Vulnerability
 Demography
Economics(600m in 2025) nothing flows.
degradation

Economies of Nile Countries
Land Area
/1,000 Km2
Population
2002/Million
GNP/Cap.
/US$
Access to
Electricity/%
28
6.6
102
2
DR Congo
2,350
51.2
111
1-6
Egypt
1,000
70.5
1354
98
Ethiopia
1,222
69.0
90
10
Kenya
583
31.5
393
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Rwanda
26
8.3
212
2
2,506
32.9
412
15
945
241
36.3
25.0
267
236
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5
Country
Burundi
Sudan
Tanzania
Uganda
Source: UN Human Development Report 2004
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Nile Basin Countries - Europe: Electricity/HP
comparison
Popul.
Mill.
GNP/cap
$
Ethiopia
61
105
45,000
700
22
0.00
Kenya
29
361
1,600
700
106
0.05
Rwanda
8
241
100
27
26
0.00
Tanzania
33
267
3,200
557
56
0.01
Uganda
22
298
2,800
278
38
0.00
Austria
8
23,333
18,300
11,700
6,457
1.51
France
59
22,128
26,000
25,200
6,539
4.32
Germany
82
22,430
8,000
5,600
5,963
4.50
Italy
58
18,808
22,800
15,267
4,732
2.98
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36,889
47,200
27,873
24,422
3.23
4
Norway
HP pot.
MW
HP dev.
MW
Elec./cap CO2 em.
kWh/yr ton/c/yr
2. Nile Cooperation.
 Nile holds significant opportunities for cooperative
development
 Growing awareness at political and technical levels
 Riparian states recognise benefits to gain from
cooperation
 Nile Basin Initiative (NBI)), 9 countries and Eritrea
(established in 1999)
 Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) developed a shared vision
 Multi track approach dealing with a strategic plan and
developing cooperative legal and institutional
framework acceptable to all
 Transitional institutional arrangement
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The Shared Vision
“To achieve sustainable
socio-economic development
through equitable utilization of,
and benefit from,
the common Nile Basin water
resources.”
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NBI Structure
Council of Ministers - Nile-COM
Technical Advisory Committee Nile-TAC
NBI Secretariat - Nile-SEC
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3. Areas of cooperation
Broad spectrum of areas of cooperation exist:
 Strategic Action Program to realise the vision
Shared vision (BASIN-WIDE)
Subsidiary Action Plan (SUB-BASIN)
 Cooperation with International Community
International Consortium for Cooperation on
the Nile (ICCON)
 Development of legal and institutional framework
acceptable to all
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4. Confidence Building and
Stakeholder\ involvement
 Strong political support from basin countries
 Ministerial and parliamentarians
Journalists, civil society and others
 Participation at heart of Nile Basin Initiative
(NBI) process
 Cross sectoral and participatory approach
 Stakeholder participation focusing on :
Communication and Public information
Confidence building
Exchange of knowledge and information
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5. Benefits of Cooperation
Four kinds:
 Benefits to the river-Ecosystem….
 Benefits from the river-use,power..
 Benefits that arise from reduced
transaction cost-cooperative dev,inf.
 Benefits beyond the river-spinoffs,
econ.integration,…
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6. Partnership and Financing
 Countries finance core secretariat functions,
support in form of partnerships
 Financing mechanisms that involve soliciting
funds through forum called ICCOM
 First ICCON meeting held in Geneva in 2001
 Nile Basin Trust Fund (preferred mechanism)
 Funding Gaps for Shared Vision Program and
partnership grants and soft loans needed for
subsidiary investment projects
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8. Way Forward
Scaling – up of investment programs
for tangible benefits to riparian states
and communities,
Strengthening,sustaining and
broadening the cooperation,
Successful implementation of initial
portfolio of projects to demonstrate
results and benefits
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Conclusion
 Nile Basin Countries see cooperation and Cooperative action,where appropriate, as the best
option aiming at Win-Win projects and benefits,
 Cooperation is growing among countries with Nile
waters as entry for broader and greater benefits
including economic integration,
 Donor support encouraging and more support
needed-buying into the NBI Shared Vision,
 Infrastructure investment funding challengingPublic financing most viable for the basin
supported by partnership Grants/Trust Funds,and
Soft/concessionary loans as private sector not
attracted
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Thank you
www.nilebasin.org
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