Transcript 動名詞與不定詞
動名詞與不定詞 用法補充 動名詞 (Ving)的用法 -1 (1)當主詞 Learning English is interesting. Reading and Writing are both important. * 若動名詞當主詞則表第三人稱單數,後接單數動詞. (2)當受詞 – Sue is afraid of speaking English in public. – I enjoy riding a bike along the country road. *當受詞用法皆置於動詞或介系詞之後. – We are talking about not going out with Tom. *動名詞的否定= not + Ving (3)當主詞補語: 至於BE動詞之後 補充說明主詞 – Seeing is believing. – My plan is taking a trip to Japan this summer. (4)當形容詞:表該名詞的功能,至於名詞之前.須注意 本用法得依動名詞後所修飾的名詞單複數決定動詞 之用法) a reading room / a sleeping car a smoking room / drinking water jogging shoes / a walking dictionary – Writing lessons are fun. ( 動名詞當形容詞,主要主 詞為lessons ,故動詞用 are) – Writing is fun. (動名詞當主詞為第三人稱單數故動詞 用 is) 動名詞 (Ving)的其他用法 -1 • 所有格 + Ving Do you mind my smoking here? I’m sorry for my coming late again. I can’t forgive his not telling the truth. * 用於強調某人的行為. • go + Ving (從事某些戶外活動) go jogging / go fishing / go mountain climbing / go boating / go diving go swimming/ go dancing / go bird watching /go camping / go bowling / go skiing 動名詞 (Ving)的其他用法 -2 • no + Ving / no more + Ving There is no smoking. No more cheating. The signs says “No parking!”. **常用的慣用法** 1.It’s no use + Ving 2.look forward to + Ving 3.get used to + Ving 動名詞 (Ving)的其他用法 -2 • 常用的慣用法 4.in addition to + Ving 5.have fun / a good time + Ving 6.have trouble / difficulty + Ving 7.be busy + Ving 8.can’t help + Ving 9.can’t stand+Ving 10. the key to + Ving 11.prefer + Ving …to + Ving 12. there is no need + Ving 不定詞 (to +V)的用法 -1 (1)當主詞 Learning English is interesting. = To learn English is interesting. * 若不定詞當主詞則表第三人稱單數,後接單數動詞. (2)當受詞 I want to see a movie with Helen. *當受詞用法接於動詞之後. Dad decided not to go camping tomorrow. *不定詞的否定= not + to + V Does Dad need to do housework? Yes, he needs to. *簡答時to不可省略 不定詞 (to + V)的用法-2 (3)當主詞補語 To teach is to learn. My dream is to travel all over the world. (4)當受詞補語 ( S + V + sb. + to + V) Dad asks me to finish my homework first. Mom told me not to go home after ten. *本用法適用於 “ ask / want / tell / promise 等特定動詞之後. 不定詞 (to + V)的用法-3 (5)當形容詞 Is there anything cold to drink? I have lots of homework to do. *不定詞可當形容詞修是前面的名詞.本用法為後位修飾的 用法之ㄧ . (6)當副詞-1 I’m happy to see you. He’s willing to help us. *用於修飾某些 “描述人的情感或態度”的形容詞之後. • 當副詞-2 I go out to see what happened. Tom studies hard to get good grades. *表目的 (= in order to) 不定詞 (Ving)的其他用法 -1 • too + a. / adv.+ to + V He is too old to go mountain climbing. I am too tired to work anymore. * 太…以至於無法…. • a. + enough + to + V Peter is smart enough to solve all the problems. Mary is old enough to go to elementary school. 接動名詞當受詞的動詞 enjoy finish practice spent feel like keep waste quit suggest imagine mind dislike avoid recommend appreciate 接不定詞當受詞的動詞 need decide mean seem volunteer wish fail hope swear appear refuse learn 接不定詞當受詞補語的動詞 need tell suggest would like warn remind expect wish ask promise want advise hope encourage teach