Transcript Engineering ethics

Settling Conflicts
A conflict is a result of a…

Moral Issue
 if it can only be resolved by appealing to moral
principle.

Conceptual Issue
 if the morality of an action is agreed upon, but
there is no written definition of the company rule
or law

Application Issue
 if it is unclear if a act violates a written rule or law.

Factual Issue
 if more data is needed.
Noise Complaint Example
Source of Sound
Threshold of Hearing
Conversation
Ear Damage Begins
Amplified Music
Jet Airplane at 30 meters
Loudness (db)
0
60
85
110
140
Background Information (Handout)
City Ordinance: No sounds above
90 decibels after 10:00 PM.
You have a problem with your
neighbor making loud noises.
Identify the type of issue for these
conflicts.


Case 1: You are angry about some loud
music coming from your neighbor’s party.
You both measured the loudness at 1:30AM.
You measured 100db and she measured 85
db. This leads to a heated discussion. What
type of issue lead to this conflict?
Case 2: You and your neighbor Sam both
complain to the apartment manager about a
car alarms sounding too often in the
apartment complex. Every Saturday
afternoon you take a nap around noon after
working out in the gym. One Saturday Sam’s
car alarm wakes you up. You are upset by
this and go next door to discuss it with Sam.


Case 3: Your neighbor plays music on
Halloween night at 11:30pm with a loudness
of 70 db. You are worried about that the
children in the neighborhood will be
“emotionally scarred” by the strange music
and call the police.
Case 4: You live near a company that cleans
glass with ultrasound starting at midnight
when the workers are at home sleeping. The
ultrasound is 110db but is not audible. You
are bothered because it shakes the picture
frames in your home and go to the company
to complain.

Case 5: You awake at 2:30 AM to find
that your neighbor has started a heavy
metal band. The music is 115db at
your doorstep. You go ask the band if
they can play in the daytime instead
but the band refuses. What type of
issue lead to this conflict?
Settling Conflicts in Business
Final Thoughts
Consider the Golden Rule
 Get a Second Opinion
 Keep a “Cool Head”
 Be a Professional

Problem Solving
Problem Solution Requirements
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Drawing
List Known Parameters
Label Unknowns
Equations
Answer with Units
Example Problem
Given: A student is in  Required:
 a) How many acres of
a stationary hot-air
land are contained by
balloon that is
the cone created by
momentarily fixed at
her line of site?
1325 ft. above a
 c) How high would the
piece of land. This
balloon be if, using the
pilot looks down 60o
same procedure, an
area four times greater
(from horizontal) and
is encompassed?
turns laterally 360o.
Equations
Circumference of a Circle: S = 2pr = pd
Area of a Circle: A= pr2
Volume of a Sphere: V = (4/3) p r3
Volume of a Cylinder: V = p r2 h
Surface Area of a Sphere: A = 4pr2
Pythagorean Theorem: c2 = a2 + b2
Radius of a Circle or Sphere: r
Diameter of a Circle or Sphere: d=2r
Estimation #1
Team Exercise




Close the books.
Estimate the volume of a average-sized
human in cubic meters. Approximate
humans has one rectangular slab.
Volume=Length×Width×Height (3 minutes)
How could you improve this estimate?
Design an experiment that could better
estimate the volume of individuals.
(1 minute)
Estimation #2
Team Exercise



Estimate the speed of hair growth in miles
per hour. (3 minutes) Use Appendix A for
unit conversions.
What would be a more appropriate unit for
the speed of hair growth?
Design an experiment that could better
estimate the speed of hair growth.
(1 minute)
Engineering Exercise
You are asked to build a storage tank
for 22 cubic meters of gasoline.
You want to use the least amount of
metal to keep your construction costs
low.
Suppose that you use 1-centimeter
thick steel sheets to create storage
tanks.
Engineering Exercise (con’t)
If you had a tank in the shape of a
cube, then how long would each side
be?
What would be the inner surface area
of the tank?
How much metal would you need?
Engineering Exercise (con’t)
If you had a tank in the shape of a
sphere, then what would its radius be?
What would be the inner surface area
of the tank?
How much metal would you need?
Engineering Exercise
If you had a tank in the shape of a
cylinder, then what would its radius be?
What would be the inner surface area of
the tank?
How much metal would you need?
Aha!
We will need to make some assumptions.
TEAMWORK
Each team will now make a different
assumptions and record their results on
the table on the chalkboard.
Who uses the least metal for the
cylindrical tanks?
Team
a
b
g
d
e
w
i
t
z
h
h=0.5r
h=1r
h=1.5r
h=2r
h=2.5r
h=3r
h=3.5r
h=4r
h=4.5r
r
A
Vmetal
Recorders: To the chalk board…
Write down your team name.
Write down your assumption about the
connection between h and r.
Write down the equation for the volume of a
cylinder.
Substitute.
Solve for r.
Find A.
Find the volume of the metal. Vmetal
Optimization?
Height=2 Radius
Cylindrical Tanks
Volume (Cubic Meters)
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.5
1
2
3
4
5
6
Height to Radius Ratio
7
How do we know that h=2r
is the best?
1. We can use trial-and-error.
2. We can prove it using calculus.
Archimedes’ Principle
The buoyant force acting on a floating
body is equal to the weight of the
media (air or water) that is displaced.
Example Problem
How much of this log will extend above
the water line?
rwood = 0.600 g/cm3
rwater = 1.00 g/cm3
40cm
Problem
Using Archimedes’ Principle, estimate the
mass that can be lifted by a hot air balloon
measured 10 meters in diameter.

Given:
 r = 0.0012 g/cm3
 r = 0.0010 g/cm3
for Air at 20°C, 1 atm
for Air at 70°C, 1 atm
Problem Solution Requirements
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Drawing
List Known Parameters
Label Unknowns
Equations
Answer with Units
Density
Density = Mass / Volume
r = m/V
Archimedes’ Principle
What is the density of a cube that floats
in water and has 1/3 of its volume
above the waterline?
Archimedes’ Principle
A 200 lb engineer stands on a set of
scales in waist deep water.
What is the average density of the
engineer if the scales read 100 lbs?
Aerospace Engineering
Team Exercise
Estimate the minimum time that it would
take to travel to Jupiter at Mach 1.
The Earth is 93,000,000 miles from the
Sun.
Jupiter orbits the Sun at a distance that is
5.2 times that of the Earth-Sun distance.
Example Problem
How long will a 0.058kg tennis ball be in the
air if it is thrown upward at 45.7m/s?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Drawing
List Known Parameters
Label Unknowns
Equations
Answer with Units
Problem
Estimate the amount of money students at
your university spend on fast food each
semester.

Given:
 12,000 students
 1 semester = 16 weeks
 Meals cost $5
 Estimate that students eat fast food 5 times each week
12000students 
$5.00
  5m eals  16 weeks 



 m eal student  week   sem ester
 $4 ,800 ,000 / semester
Problem
Estimate the time it would take for a
passenger jet flying at Mac 0.8 to fly
around the world. Make allowances for
refueling.
dis tan ce
speed 
time
dis tan ce  40,000km  1mile 

time 
 
  40.3hours
speed
 0.8 770mph 1.609km 
~ 45 hours allowing for refueling
Problem
Estimate the number of toothpicks that can
be made from a log measuring 3 ft in
diameter and 20 ft long.
Vl
prl Ll
N
 2
Vtp prtp Ltp
3
2
p 1.5 ft  20 ft   12 inch 


N
2
 1 ft 
5
1
p  32 inch 2 8 inch 

2
~ 30 million toothpicks
Types of Problems
Research
Knowledge
Troubleshooting
Mathematics
Resource
Social
Design
Readiness Assessment Test #2
What are the four main types of issues to
consider when settling conflicts?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. What are the first names of your team
members?