Transcript Shelter in Place

Shelter in Place
An Introduction to
Making Home your Haven
T. Michelson
Definition
► Shelter
in Place is when you seek safety in
the place you are at when an emergency
occurs
 This could be a home, office or anywhere you
are at
Introduction
► Majority
of Canadians will have to Shelter in
Place (SIP) in one form or another multiple
times over their lifetimes.
► Three different types of SIP are used:
 Airborne containments
 Physical Risks
 Loss of Utilities
Airborne Contaminants
 Securing yourself and others indoors against noxious smoke or
chemicals such as released in an industrial or transportation system
accident or other human caused danger such as terrorist attack
 Usually only last for a few hours
 Examples could be events such as the Bhopal chemical leak in India
that killed and injured thousands
www.cbc.ca
Preparing for Airborne Contaminants
► Close
and lock all
entrances to your
home
 Doors
 Windows
 Chimneys
► Seal
off entrances
 Plastic sheeting and
good quality duct tape
www.rffg.bc.ca
► Occupy
a small windowless room and seal it
off as well (have emergency supplies on
hand including a radio so you know when it
is safe)
► Shut off appliances that may bring outside
air in
 Air conditioners
 heaters
Physical Risk
► Taking
shelter to
defend yourself and
others from immediate
physical harm from
risks such as
tornadoes and
hurricanes.
► These last typically for
a few minutes to a few
hours
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthquake
Preparing for a Physical Risk
► Small
structurally sound room with no
windows (ideally an interior room in a
basement)
► Emergency Supplies and a radio
Disruption of Utilities or becoming
isolated
► Normal
pattern of life is disrupted by
something that requires us to stay indoors
► Can be caused by storm, power outage,
washed out roads, pandemic, earthquake
that damaged infrastructure and so on
Minimizing Damages Inside your
Home/workplace
► Preparing
for an earthquake scenario will be
most efficient as it will cover many of the
same factors for other potential risks
► Many of the injuries and fatalities during an
emergency come from falling objects and
debris
► Therefore best way to prepare is minimize
heavy or breakable things that could fall on
you
Securing Heavy Objects
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Secure heavy objects such as
water heaters, bookshelves,
china cabinets
Bolting/screwing/strapping it
directly to secure anchor points
(such as a couple of wall studs)
Is your building attached to the
foundation
http://www.waikatoregioncdemg.govt.nz/InformationResources/Hazards/Earthquake/PROTECT-PROPERTY
http://www.neighborhoodlink.com/article/Homeowner/Home
_Hazards_Earthquake
Wall Hangings
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http://www.earthquakecountry.org/core/public/showcontext.php/25
18/13412
Do not place heavy wall
hangings above where
they might hit people
Do not put heave things
above door ways
Do not put heavy framed
pictures or chandeliers
above a bed
Things on walls can be
bolted/screwed/strapped
to wall studs
Shelves/Cabinets/Cupboards
► Apply
latches to cabinet doors
► Have a lip or edge on shelving
► Use putty or double sided tape to hold special
objects in place (figurines, trophy's and so on)
► Special items (Great Grandmas china) that you
have but not on display should be stored as if you
were moving
 Quasi confined space wrapped in paper or cardboard
and nothing nearby that can fall on it
Windows
Broken glass causes a number of issues
Pre-plan how you will contain it
Draw or close heavy curtains over windows when not in use (glass will still break but will
fall into the curtain and then to the floor staying close to the wall)
► Apply a grid pattern of tape (as you see in WWII films in London as they prepared for
the bombings)
► Apply a plastic film (shelf liner lets light through but will distort image, there are
professional grade available)
► Switch to shatter resistant glass
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-uscanada-11167431
Preparing the Perimeter
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http://camalittle.wordpress.com/category/fun/page/3/
Identify hazards to your
home or workplace and
then fix them
Remove or secure Large
loose rocks on cliffs or hills
directly above with netting
or bolts
Remove or trim large trees
and tree limbs (especially
if dead) that could fall
Put away tool, toys,
furniture, BBQ, Propane
tanks
Nearby Risks
► Identify
other risks that could endanger you
(chemical factory, railway line, tsunami
zone, flood plain, mudslide)
► Take extra precautions for these risks
► Every area is different (Low risk for
Tornados in Victoria but at risk for Tsunami,
Brandon Manitoba it is the opposite)
Shutting your Home Down
► After
a damaging earthquake you may need
to shut off gas, water and power (keep
tools nearby to facilitate)
Advise from Fortis BC
► AFTER
an earthquake
► Check your natural gas appliances and equipment.
► If you do not smell or hear gas escaping,
consider leaving the gas on to provide a source
of energy for heat, hot water and cooking. Check
the vents, chimney and connections at each gas
appliance to be sure they have not been dislodged
or blocked.
Shutting off your gas
►
If you think you smell
gas or hear gas
escaping, act fast.
 turn off your gas meter, if
it's safe to do so
 leave the building and
call 1-800-663-9911
►
http://fortisbc.com/NaturalGas/GasSafety/SafetyHomeWork/CareO
fYourMeter/Pages/How-to-turn-off-your-meter.aspx
Watch for and stay clear of
downed power lines. Even
if they are quiet and
without sparks, they could
be live.
Post Disaster Clean Up
► Wear
sturdy footwear and gloves
► Sturdy broom
► Mask
► Eye protection
Emergency Kits
► Plan
your emergency supplies in various
levels or tiers
► Every Day Carry (EDC)
► 7 Day Kit
► Bedside Kit
► Car Kit
► Office Kit
► School Kit
Every Day Carry (EDC)
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Carry items on your person that
can help you anytime
Personalize the items to yourself
Common items are
Light
Pocket knife (many options
available)
Personal medication
Cash
Contact info
Lighter or matches
Band-Aids
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everyday_carry
7 Day Kit
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More and more experts are
advising that people move
from a 72 hour kit to a 7
Day Kit as it is repeatedly
found that it is taking
several days for large scale
help to arrive post major
disaster (New Orleans)
This kit needs to be large
enough to sustain you and
your family for up to a
week but be small enough
it can be carried
http://forums.backpacker.com/cgibin/forums/ikonboard.cgi?act=ST;f=983107219;t=99911553
02
7 Day Kit
► Needs
to be accessible
► Sturdy weather resistant container
 backpack lined with plastic bags
 Suitcase with wheels
► Shelter
element (tent or tarp)
► Sleeping bag/blankets and sleep mat
► Seasonal appropriate clothing
► Hygiene supplies (Toilet paper, tooth brush, hand
sanitizer, soap)
► Cordage
7 Day Kit
► Water,
water procurement and purification
► Food and food procurement
► Cooking supplies such as pots and eating utensils
► Sturdy Footwear
► Wood processing tools (knife, saw, axe or
machete)
► Comfort and entertainment (more important than
you might think)
► Communications (radio, signal mirror, flares)
► First Aid supplies
► Heat and light materials (headlamps, matches,
lighter, candles, stoves and so on)
► Ideally
Bedside Kit
we should spend about 8 hrs a day
sleeping (1/3 of the day)
► 1 in 3 chance a disaster could strike while we
sleep
► By bedside you should have materials to evacuate
quickly
► Sturdy Shoes
► Quick toss on clothing
► Flashlight
► Whistle
► Tools (crowbar/axe) for getting out if door frame
gets twisted binding your exit
► Water and food
► Cell phone
► Keys (to access supplies in your car or garage)
Car Kit
► Similar
to your seven day kit but includes
additional items
► More food and water
► Heavier tools (larger axe, shovel, saw)
► Larger first aid kit
► Vehicle tools (jack, spare tire, wrenches,
screwdrivers, wire, electrical and duct tape,
oil, tow cable, flares, jumper cables)
Office and School Kit
► Often
policies and regulations minimize
what can be brought to schools and
workplaces (knives for instance) so be sure
you follow the rules
► Most commonly recommended items are
food, water, flashlight, glow sticks and
emergency blankets
Sanitation
► Keeping
clean assists in maintaining health
and morale
► If you have ample water supply you can still
use toilets even if water supply is
interrupted by poring water into the tank (if
you think the sewage system is
compromised don’t do this)
► Have a portable toilet
Toilets
► Commercial
toilets are available in different styles
 Chemical
 Toilet shaped plastic receptacle
 Bucket with toilet seat
► Toilet
seat on a stool (place a bucket or sturdy
bag under)
► Reinforced cardboard box with punched openings
► Toilet bags (foil lined bag that has a dry chemical
inside that gels waste and minimizes odour)
► Chemicals can be purchased separately for gelling
wastes in all these cases
Improvised Toilets
► Chair
with a hole cut in it
► Receptacle in a tub
► Pit latrine (with bar to sit on)
► Cat sanitation (dig a small hole, fill it, then
rebury it
► Use a bag held within another receptacle
► Big bucket (more comfortable if you place
boards over to act as a seat)
Deuteronomy 23:13
► And
thou shalt have a paddle upon thy
weapon; and it shall be, when thou wilt
ease thyself abroad, thou shalt dig
therewith, and shalt turn back and cover
that which cometh from thee:
Cat Sanitation
Although humans have relieved themselves for millennia
outside most of us have lost the technique
► Watch the wind direction
► Squats work well (may want to remove one or both pant
legs)
► Get a “balance bar” a tree or post you can hang onto while
leaning back (legs can be stretched out (keeping pants on)
► In treeless areas a shovel can be driven into the ground for
your balance bar
► If nothing avail to hang onto just squat or place hands
behind you (like those crab races you did in elementary
school)
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Keeping yourself clean
► Wash
with soap and water when possible
► Use wet wash cloth or baby wipes to have a
sponge bath
 Face, neck, arm pits, groin (ideally in that
order)
► Use
hand sanitizer
► Keep nails cleaned and trimmed
► Brush and floss
Keeping Clothing Going
► Have
a sewing kit and know how to use it
► Wash and dry when possible
► Air out when possible
► “Sun Wash” clothing by laying out in bright
sunlight (same idea as vultures when they
sit there with wings open)
► Air out bedding whenever possible
Food
► Choose
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food with no to little preparation
Emergency Ration Bars
Canned goods (have a can opener)
Energy or granola bars
Dried fruit
Jerky
Dried pepperoni
Crackers
Fig Newton
Toaster Pastries
Tortilla shells
Candy and snack foods
Easy Prep Foods
► Add
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boiling water
Ichiban
Freeze dried meals
Rice
Mashed potatoes
Kraft Dinner
Stuffing
Food Advice
► Try the foods before an emergency
► Pick foods you like and ideally that are
familiar
(again going for stress reduction)
► Choose high calorie shelf stable foods
► Ideally foods that can be eaten hot or cold
► Learn edible plants of your region (don’t count on
“living off the land”)
► If your personal convictions allow learn hunting,
trapping and fishing techniques (including insects)
► Look at what backpackers use
► Remember it is fuel, not food
Water
► Plan
for at least 4 litres per person per day
► Weighs 1 KG (2.2 pounds) per litre so seven
days worth would be 28 KG (62 pounds)
► Too much to carry so you need to have
means of purifying water
Purify water
► Boiling
► Chemicals
(leaves sediments, some kill virus)
 Commercially available, just follow manufactures
direction
 Some leave a weird taste
► Filters
(removes sediments, does not deal with
virus)
► Filter then add chemical that deal with virus and
you have best of both worlds
Finding Water
► Hot
water tanks
► Toilet reservoir (not the bowl)
► Water trapped in pipes
 Open on the highest tap in the house then have a
container ready under the lowest one and then open it
► Collect
rain water
 use a clean catch area, water from the drain spout will
have flowed over all the dirt, tar, bird poop and
everything else before going down the ease trough
Heat
► Propane
heater
► Candles
► Ceramic/Candle
heater
► Heat as small an area as possible
(close/tent off rooms)
► Heat with sun in day then trap heat at night
(southern facing rooms warmest)
► Dress in layers, use a hat
Light
► Headlamps
► Lanterns
► Flashlights
► Hand
cranked lights
► Patio lights
► Glow sticks
► Candles
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LED-headlamp.jpg
Pets
► Have
supplies on hand for them
► Make plans for those that require special
needs (constant temperature for example
such as some fish and reptiles)
► Not allowed in most emergency shelters so
if planning to evacuate have plans for them
Alternative Power
► Generators
(have chain or cable to secure it,
popular theft item during disaster)
► Hand cranked generators (no emissions and
quiet so it can be used indoors)
► 12 volt Battery with AC adaptors
► Solar and wind power
Communication
► Battery
Powered or hand cranked radio
► FRS Radios
► Cell phones
► Amateur Radio
► Whistles
► Mirrors
► Panels
► Lights
Conclusion
► Pick
your shelter spot
► Pre-place supplies if possible
► Have “Go” Bags
► Have a plan and communicate it
► Practice your techniques
► If you are prepared you shall not fear
Recommended Websites
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http://providentliving.org/?lang=eng
Government of Canada
 http://www.getprepared.gc.ca/index-eng.aspx
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US Government
 http://www.fema.gov/
 http://www.ready.gov/
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Province of British Columbia
 http://embc.gov.bc.ca/em/index.html
 http://embc.gov.bc.ca/em/hazard_preparedness/personal_safety.ht
ml
 http://www.rdffg.bc.ca/services/public-safety/emergencymanagement-program/shelter-in-place
 http://www.shakeoutbc.ca/downloads/ShakeOut_BC_TipsforSaferS
urroundings.pdf
Recommended Books
► SAS
Survival Handbook by John Wiseman
► Northern Bushcraft by Mors Kochnaski
► When All Hell Breaks Loose by Cody Lundin
► Bushcraft by Richard Graves
► Camping and Wilderness Survival by Paul
Tawrell
► Survive by Les Stroud