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International Port Security Program
LCDR Robert Keith
U. S. Coast Guard Headquarters
LCDR Sam Forbes
U.S. Coast Guard Activities Europe
In order to implement the ISPS Code
in the U.S., Congress passed the
Maritime Transportation and Security
Act (MTSA)
In addition to domestic improvements, the
MTSA also requires the Secretary of
Department of Homeland Security to
learn about the antiterrorism measures in
foreign ports
International Port Security (IPS) Program
The IPS Program focus is to:
Engage in bilateral and
multilateral security
discussions with all of our
trading partners
Exchange best practices
Work with other regional
international organizations to
improve security worldwide
International Port Security Program
Organization
Program managed at Coast Guard Headquarters
A network of International Port Security Liaison Officers
(IPSLOs) throughout the world
Asia-Pacific Region – Tokyo and Singapore
Europe/Mid-East/Africa Region - Rotterdam
South/Central America (East) – Portsmouth, Virginia
South/Central America (West) – Alameda, California
Multi-Phased Approach
Preliminary Information
Exchange between Nations
In Country Visit and
Information Exchange
Reciprocal Visits
Ongoing Dialogue
Interest in Each Nation’s Interpretation
of the ISPS Code
• Security organization
• Communication of security
information
• Preventing unauthorized
access (personnel/cargo)
• Physical security measures
• Security policies/procedures
• Security in ship/port interface
operations
• Response to security threats or
incidents
• Training, drills & exercises
IPS Program Country Visit
Country Visits involve:
Discussion of the host
country’s implementation
philosophy with the
Designated Authority
Visits to select port facilities
Observation of implemented
security practices
Discussion of observations
General Visit Observations
157 Countries (trading partners)
Every continent
Developing and developed
Large and small
Good awareness of the
requirements of the ISPS Code
Sustainability may be a challenge
for some countries
Cargo documentation is an area
with potential for increased security
“Management Infrastructure” must
continue to evolve
Best Practices
Alfapass – Belgium
Industry led
Worker access to various facilities
Internet based
Electronic and biometric technologies
Control tower - Romania
Observe entire facility
Monitor personnel and vehicles
Climate controlled
CCTV
Best Practices
Pipe barrier – Saudi Arabia
Supplements perimeter fence
Recycled material
Virtually impenetrable
Concertina wire at bottom of fence –
Indonesia
Discourages access over or under
Additional deterrent
Best Practices
• Security Zones - Jamaica
–
–
–
–
Waterside access is common weakness
Political implications
Cooperative effort
Potentially costly
• Railroad Gate Guard Tower – India
–
–
–
–
Locked gate
Guards on ground and tower
Moderate cost
Not fool proof
Best Practices
• Anti-vehicle barriers - Korea
– Low cost (scrap materials)
– Easy to deploy
– Little/no training
• Carbon dioxide (CO2) detector –
Dominican Republic
– Uncomplicated
– Low cost (<$300 U.S.)
– Minimal training
Best Practices
Color-coded flags – Ecuador
Easily understood
Country-wide
Cost Effective
Color-coded uniforms – Philippines
Required for all contractors
Color coded per restricted area
Easily seen from a distance
Best Practices
24-hour guards – Algeria
Stationed at transfer pier
Must have authorized access
Additional guards during transfer
Monthly DA inspections – Costa
Rica
Announced
Observes security measures and
procedures
Follow-up
Best Practices
Signs in Multiple Languages – Malaysia
Three languages
Posted at gates
Port security advisory committee –
South Africa
All port stakeholders
Emphasis on port security
Informed response
Best Practices
Security Training - Uruguay
All personnel
Minimum 2 hours = Admin
Contracted truck drivers
Response Cards - Peru
Details security duties
All security levels
Laminated
Worn around neck
IPS Program Website
IPS Program specific
information is provided on the
USCG HOMEPORT website at
http://homeport.uscg.mil/
Specific information includes:
Best Practices
Policies
FAQs
Port Security Advisories
News and Events
IPS Program Reciprocal Visit
The U.S. invites other countries
to visit to learn how we are
implementing the ISPS Code
Timing is flexible; visit can
occur before or after the U.S.
visit to their country
Reciprocal visits normally
follow the same format as our
country visits
Discussions in Washington
Trips to U.S. ports
Status of Reciprocal Visits
Hosted 51 Reciprocal Visits from 50 countries:
Albania (2)
Gabon
Argentina
Gambia
Bahrain
Ghana
Bangladesh
Guatemala (2)
Barbados
Haiti (2)
Brazil (2)
Honduras
Canada
Indonesia
Chile
Israel
China
Mexico (3)
Colombia
New Zealand
Dominican Republic
Nicaragua
European Commission
Nigeria (2)
European Union (5):
Belgium (2) Italy (3)
Norway (2)
Bulgaria
Netherlands (2)
Cyprus
Portugal
Denmark
Spain
France (3)
Sweden
Greece
UK (5)
Ireland
Qatar
Russia
Saudi Arabia (2)
South Africa
South Korea
Suriname
Tanzania
Trinidad and Tobago
Togo
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Uruguay
Vietnam
Reciprocal Visit Previous Topics of Interest
Container, bulk liquid,
cruise, & coal facilities
National Vessel
Movement Center
El Paso Intelligence
Center (EPIC)
Joint Harbor Operations
Center (Norfolk, VA)
Vessel Traffic Centers
Reciprocal Visit Potential Topics of Interest
Security Committees
Security Exercises
Inland River Ports
Outer Continental
Shelf
Reciprocal Visits Requests
Delegation
4 to 6 working level DA reps
Point of Contact for Reciprocal Visit
U.S. Embassy
International Port Security Liaison
Officer
IPS Program International Outreach
Work with regional international
organizations
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum
(APEC)
Organization of American States (OAS)
PAPC (PMAESA, PMAWCA)
G-8
Participate in Capacity Building
initiatives through International
Organizations
Encourage use of MSC Circular
1131
What happens when the U.S. has
security concerns regarding security
in foreign ports?
Concerns will be discussed
Can USCG/U.S. help by providing technical
assistance or guidance?
Other regional/global “best practices”
Additional security measures may be
imposed on ships arriving to U.S. ports
as a condition of entry
Conditions of Entry are a last resort
Advance public notice given
Actions taken in foreign ports can reduce the
measures imposed in the U.S.
Non-compliant Countries
•
Vessels arriving from non-compliant ports
are immediately subject to increased port
state control scrutiny
•
Coast Guard coordinates further actions
with the Department of State and other
agencies (example: CBP)
•
Country formally notified and normally
given 90 days to take actions to remediate
port security problems with CG Liaison
Officer’s assistance
•
After 90 days vessels departing noncompliant ports are subject to Conditions
of Entry requiring additional security
measures in order to be allowed to enter
U.S. Ports.
•
Placed on Port Security Advisory List
• Mauritania
Port Security Advisory
• Guinea-Bissau
• Liberia
• Equatorial Guinea
• Cameroon
• Cuba
• Cambodia
• Syria
• Iran
• Indonesia
IPS Program Summary
Goal is to improve port security in
the U.S. and the world
ISPS Code implementation is the best way to
accomplish that goal
Exchange information based on each trading
partner’s interpretation of the ISPS Code
Mutual visits
Engagement with international organizations
Take appropriate action to minimize
the risk to the U.S. from vessels
coming from ports with inadequate
security measures
For Further Information:
LCDR Robert Keith
Coast Guard Headquarters
Int’l Port Security, Africa Desk Officer
+01 202 372-1157
[email protected]
LCDR Sam Forbes
Coast Guard Activities Europe
International Port Security Liaison Officer
+31 10 442 4458
[email protected]