Transcript LESSON 12
UPA Package 3, Module 2 SQUATTER RESETTLEMENT IN THE METROPOLITAN FRINGE: A CASE STUDY OF THE SAPANG PALAY RESETTLEMENT PROJECT IN SAN JOSE DEL MONTE, BULACAN, PHILIPPINES 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 1 Objectives • Understand the concepts of relocation and resettlement; • Identify factors for success/failure; • Learn from case study 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 2 The SPRP: Origing Area: 752.5 hectares of riceland How Acquired: PHHC bought the land to serve as resettlement area for displaced urban poor families. 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 3 Location of Municipality of San Jose Del Monte San Jose del Monte, Province of Bulacan 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 4 Location of Sapang Palay Resettlement Program 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 5 Population Growth 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 6 Development under PHHC PHHC Mandate 1948 To promote physical, social and economic betterment of the populous areas of the Philippines through low-cost housing projects and community and institutional housing. 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 7 Other Housing Agencies • Presidential Assistant on Housing and Resettlement (PAHRA) • Tondo Foreshore Development Authority (TFDA) • Central Institute for Training and Relocation of Urban Squatters (CITRUS) • Presidential Committee Resettlement (PRECHUR) • Sapang Palay Development Committee (SPDC) on Housing and Urban 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 8 Master Plan 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 9 Relocation Process • Relocatees transported on trucks to demarcated lots and left to themselves; • Awarding of lots based on relocatee’s expressed desire to live permanently in resettlement area; • Relocatee re-assembled assigned to him/her; • Government assistance: transporting the squatters, assignment of lots, initial services. dismantled shack on 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines lot 10 Problems Encountered 1. Relocation site not adequately prepared • Poor roads • Inadequate water • No power • No drainage / sewerage system • No facilities for education / health / protective services • No / poor transport facilities 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 11 Problems Encountered 2. Inadequate job opportunities; 3. Social gap between relocatees and original settlers; 4. Social problems among relocatees discouraged middle class population from settling in or near SPRP. 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 12 Government Interventions 1. Establishment of the Central Institute for Training and Relocation of Urban Squatters (CITRUS) 2. Establishment of Industrial Estate 3. Extension of Social Services 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 13 Development under NHA 1975 - present • Shift towards social welfare-oriented housing policy which combined housing production with housing finance and housing regulation through • comprehensive and integrated housing program • administered by highly centralized organizational structure 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 14 Martial Law Legislations • Presidential Decree 757 - 1975 - created the National Housing Authority • Presidential Decree 1396 - 1978 - created the Ministry of Human Settlements • Executive Order 648 - 1981 - created Human Settlements Regulatory Commission 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 15 Post Martial Law Legislations • Executive Order 90 - abolished Ministry of Human Settlements and created the Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council • Republic Act 7279 - 1991 - Urban Development and Housing Act 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 16 Phase II: Features • Comprehensive development plan prepared and implemented first • Provision of “Core” housing • Expansion of residential area • Reduction in lot sizes • Community facilities and utilities put in place 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 17 Land Use Allocation 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 18 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED • Inadequate funds due to sheer size of area and continued influx of population • Inadequacy of industrial estate to absorb increasing labor force • Return of relocatees to metropolis and arrival of non-beneficiaries to the site • Stigma of municipality as “home of squatters” 3.2.12Squatter SquatterResettlement Resettlementin in theMetropolitan MetropolitanFringe: Fringe:A The Case Study 3.2.8 the Case Study of of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project SanJose Josedel del Monte, Monte, the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in in San Bulacan, Bulacan,Philippines Philippines 19 LOCAL GOVERNMENT RESPONSES • Provision of basic services • Passage of zoning ordinances • Regulations subdivisions for relocation and housing 3.212 Squatter SquatterResettlement Resettlement Metropolitan Fringe: The Case 3.2.8 in in thethe Metropolitan Fringe: A Case StudyStudy of of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose Monte, the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose deldel Monte, Bulacan, Bulacan,Philippines Philippines 20 Lessons Learned • Resettlement area should provide shelter + livelihood opportunities + basic services • Comprehensive development plan should be prepared • Close coordination among stakeholders 3.2.8 Squatter Resettlement in the Metropolitan Fringe: A Case Study of the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project in San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines 21