Transcript CMOS sensors - Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien

CMOS sensors:
a short introduction
1. What’s a CMOS
sensor?
A new technique
for pixel detectors
sensor (1 million
A hair:Amicroscopic
view, pixels)
same scale
0.5 on
millimeters
A prototype
its test board
support
15 cm
A single pixel
20 m
Zooming on the sensor
makes the pixels visible
Sensors are produced on silicon wafers
(30 to 50 units)
moi
2.How does that
work?
Free charges are
The particle
created,
Charges collected
Let’s
cut then
a pixel.
goes through
collected by the
are integrated to
We seediode
its (positively
composition and build
an amplified
what happens when
a particle goes through
charged)
electric signal
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Micro-circuits for
signal treatment
Collector
- - -
Layer sensitive to
particles
- - -
Supporting bulk
(insensitive)
Hit pixel
Signal amplitude
The particle
goes through
Particle crossing position
is identified precisely
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Information from
each pixel are
transmitted to PC
Particle crossing position is identified precisely
3. What’s for ?
Tracking particles
Particles need to be tracked very near
the collision point: this is the place for the
thin and granular CMOS sensors
e+
10 cm
e-
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Barrel type detector
made of 5 sensor layers
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To build a tracking detector
A. Individual sensor assembly on a ladder
B. Ladders are
arranged on a
hermetic barrel
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A tracking device
Barrel of ladders with
sensors
e10 cm
Initial particle collision point.
Newly created particles are
emitted in all directions
e+
moimoi
Knowing the particle crossing point with a high
accuracy,
allows computerized algorithms to reconstruct the full
trajectory of each particle.
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3. What’s for ?
Imaging
Imaging versus tracking
Particle physics tracks
particles in space
space
3D space trajectory
Tracking sensors need to
detect single particles
Imaging camera tracks
emission sources in time
Cockroach head from
synchrotron light source
(5.2 keV X-rays) with a
time
CMOS sensor
2D space + 1 time trajectory
Single particle sensitivity for
imaging devices offers:
•Infinite dynamics
•Better image definition
•Noise reduction
Detecting single photons from visible light
Photons hit the
photocathode
get
Lilly root cell, and
through
converted into
epi-fluorescence
electrons
microscopy
using an
EB-CMOS camera
Electrons are
accelerated by the Efield
Accelerated electrons
are individually
detected by the
CMOS sensor
4. CMOS sensor
at IPHC
The pioneering group
for particle tracking
MIMOSA sensors: a coherent evolution
Charge collection & technology studies – simple demonstrators
1999
Real size prototype - yield studies
Reticule 2x 2 cm 2006
Mimosa16
Mimosa16
Latchup
ADC
ADC
MyMap
TestStruct
Imager10µ
MimoTEL
Imager12µ
MimoStar3
Pixel Array
Production
Discriminators
Zero Suppression
Bias Readout
Final circuits
2008
–
Mimosa22
2007
sub-blocs integration
Suze 2007
Data compression
Sara 2006
-
digitization
More than 30 sensors designed & tested since 1999 !
Industry:
Our CAD center
Collaborations:
The USA:
Europe:
SAGEM
PHOTONIS
China:
Fermi Nat. Lab.
France: Lyon Uni., CEA
Dalian Uni.
Brookhaven Nat. Lab. Germany: DESY, GSI, Frankfurt Uni. Xian Uni.
L.Berkeley Nat. Lab. Italian subatomic physics lab. (INFN)
Switzerland: CERN, Geneva Uni.
The
end