Transcript InfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzer - On

InfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzers
for
Oil and Grease Measurements
www.WilksIR.com

Portable Field or Lab Analyzer

Results in < 30 seconds

Rugged and Easy to Use

Over 2000 in use worldwide today

Off shore oil rigs

Refineries

Industrial Wastewater

Metal Parts Cleaning
Monitoring Using an Offsite Lab
=
Delayed Results
Monitoring Using an Offsite Lab
 Typical commercial laboratory turn around - two
days to two weeks
 In-house hexane/gravimetric—several hours
 Results in the discharge of effluent above
regulatory limit for extended time
 Add costs in time and dollars
Non Compliance
 The sooner the industry or regulating agency
can detect non compliance
 The sooner the problem can be corrected
What is needed:
A quick, accurate and simple
field and/or in-plant analysis:
Available with the
InfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzer
Two different models available
depending on desired measurement
range and extraction solvent
Model CVH
Model HATR-T2
CVH
HATR-T2
Minimum Detection Limit
2 ppm
8 ppm
Solvent
Perchloroethylene, Freon,
S-316
hexane, pentane,
Vertrel MCA
Component Measured
Measures all hydrocarbons
Measures hydrocarbons
with a boiling point higher
than the solvent—volatile
hydrocarbons will be
evaporated along with the
solvent.
Instrument Repeatability
+/- 1 ppm
+/- 2 ppm
Other
Solvents are heavier than
water and require a seperatory
funnel or inverted vial with a
septa cap to collect a solvent
sample.
Solvents are lighter than
water and solvent sample
can be collected from the
top of the container.
Measuring Oil in Water with
the InfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzer
 Acidify sample to pH of 2
 Add 10 ml solvent to 100ml sample (10 to 1 ratio)
 Shake for 2 minutes
 A portion of the solvent is
presented to the analyzer for
analysis
Basic Measurement Concept
Infrared Analysis:
Hydrocarbons have a characteristic
absorbance in the infrared region:
2930 cm-1 or 3.4 microns
Spectrum of a hydrocarbon (red)
Overlaid with a 3.4 micron filter (black)
Infrared Absorbance
The amount of energy absorbed
is proportional to the amount of
oil/grease in the sample:
A higher oil and grease concentration
has a higher infrared absorbance
A lower oil and grease concentration
has a lower infrared absorbance
The Measurement of Oil using
Hexane
Model HATR-T2
The hexane evaporates leaving an
oil film on the crystal
Oil Film
ATR crystal
Source
A = log (I r / I a)
Filters
(Ir / Ia)
Dual
Detector
Infrared light (source) is focused on the
end of the crystal
Oil Film
ATR Crystal
Source
Filters (Ir / Ia) Dual
Detector
A = log (I r / I a)
The infrared light reflects off
the surface of the crystal
Oil Film
Source
ATR Crystal
Filters (Ir / Ia) Dual
Detector
A = log (I r / I a)
At each reflection, the infrared light
penetrates into the oil film and is absorbed
by the oil at 2930cm-1
Infrared light
Sample
Oil Film
Internal Reflectance Element (IRE)
Source
The infrared light is focused on to
a detector containing a
2930cm-1 filter
Oil Film
ATR crystal
Source
Filters (Ir / Ia)
A = log (I r / I a)
Dual
Detector
A higher oil and grease concentration
has a higher infrared absorbance
A lower oil and grease concentration
has a lower infrared absorbance
 Preset timer allows
hexane to evaporate
 After timer
countdown and 15
second run time
 Value is displayed
Cleaning the Trough Crystal
 Add enough solvent
to cover crystal
 Wipe slowly across
the crystal
Analysis Procedure


The whole analysis, from sample
collection to final result, takes under 15
minutes
An operator with minimal training can
do the analysis
Measurement Range
 Hexane extraction:
10- 300 ppm*
* the upper limit can be extended by dilution
Repeatability of the Hexane/Infrared
Method
Repeated runs on same sample:
+ 01
Independent applications of sample: + 02
Independently prepared samples:
*
+03*
Repeatability is dependent on how carefully the
analyst does the extraction
The Measurement of Oil using
S-316 or Perchloroethylene
Model CVH
ASTM Infrared Oil and Grease Method to
replace Freon/IR Method
ASTM Method D7066-04:
Standard Test Method for dimer/trimer of
chlorotrifluoroethylene (S-316)
Recoverable Oil and Grease and Nonpolar
Material by Infrared Determination
ASTM Method D 7066-04
 Uses a transmission cell - Model CVH
 Measures volatile constituents
The Measurement of IR Absorption of
an Oil Sample with a Cuvette
Sample
Filters (IR / IA )
Source
Detectors
A = log IR / IA
InfraRed light passes through the cuvette
filled with solvent from the sample extract
The infrared light is focused on to
a detector containing a
2930cm-1 filter
Sample
Filters (IR / IA )
Source
Detectors
A = log IR / IA
The amount of IR energy absorbed by the
sample correlates to the concentration of
oil and grease in the sample
Cuvette is filled with
solvent extract
Cuvette is placed in the analyzer
After 30 seconds,
Oil and Grease value is displayed
Measurement Range
 S-316 or Perchloroethylene: 2 -300 ppm*
* the upper limit can be extended by dilution
Repeatability of the
S-316 or perc/Infrared Method
Repeated runs on same sample:
+ 01
Independent applications of sample: + 01
Independently prepared samples:
*
+02*
Repeatability is dependent on how carefully the
analyst does the extraction
Comparing Different Analytical
Procedures
Oil and Grease
 Not a unique chemical entity
 A mixture of chemical species that vary
from source to source
 It is defined by the analytical procedure,
ie: infrared, gravimetric, GC/FID
Comparing Different Analytical
Procedures
 Infrared
 Gravimetric
 Gas Chromatograph/Flame
Ionization Detector (GC/FID)
 Ultra Violet
Each method measures different physical
properties
Technology
Infrared
Gravimetry
GC/FID
Ultra Violet
What is
Measured
All analytes removed from
the samples by the
extraction solvent that
contain a C-H stretching
absorption.
What is Not
Measured
Very polar organics
All analytes removed from
Volatiles
the sample by the extraction
solvent that are not
volatilized.
All analytes removed from
the sample by the extraction
solvent that can be
chromatographed and that
respond to the detector.
Very polar or involatile
compounds depending
on choice of column,
temperature program,
time, etc.
Aromatics only
Aliphahtics
Note:
Ultraviolet (UV) measures only the aromatic
hydrocarbons in a water sample. If the
aromatic/ aliphatic ratio changes, the
reading will not be correct.
Infrared measure both the aromatic and the
aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Comparison of Hexane/Infrared and
Hexane/Gravimetric
Meat Packing Plant
Sample 1
Sample 2
Infrared
67 ppm
1990
Gravimetric
70 ppm
2020
After Grease Trap at a Restaurant
Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 3
Sample 4
Sample 5
423
332
103
157
67
415
300
130
170
74
Same Samples,
Three Different Laboratories
InfraCal
Wilks
InfraCal
Customer
Lab 1
Lab 2
Lab 3
51
49
67
23
51
62
61
74
43
47
71
--
76
70
49
63
53
66
55
40
3
1
14
7
<5
Using this simple and quick infrared procedure,
operators of a pretreatment system can:
 Quickly and easily assess their system’s
efficiency
 Take samples before and after treatment
 Change their system’s parameters and
immediately test the results of their changes
 See how their system functions under heavy
loads
 Avoid discharging effluent that is above the
regulatory limit
Oil and Grease Analysis with the
InfraCal TOG/TPH Analyzers
www.WilksIR.com
For questions or more information:
[email protected]
203-855-9136