Transcript 8 Steps of the Engineering Design Process

Engineering Design and Presentation
Ideation and the Engineering
Design Process
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What is the definition of Ideation?
i·de·a·tion/ˌīdēˈāSHən/
Noun: The formation of ideas or
concepts:
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So what is it?
A structured approach to thinking for the purpose of solving
a problem, often employing graphics.
Ideation is the conceptual phase of the design process.
Feasibility studies are often performed to define the
problem, identify important factors that limit the scope of
the design, evaluate anticipated difficulties, and consider
the consequences of the design.
Ideation is the process of forming and relating ideas. It is
important in creativity, innovation and concept development.
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What is the definition of
Engineering Design?
The systematic and creative application of scientific and
mathematical principles to practical ends such as the
design, manufacture, and operation of efficient and
economical structures, machines, processes, and systems.
www.doe.mass.edu/frameworks/scitech/2001/resources/glossary.html
It is the creative, iterative and often open-ended process of
conceiving and developing components, systems and
processes. Design requires the integration of engineering,
basic and mathematical sciences. A designer works under
constraints, taking into account economic, health and
safety, social and environmental factors, codes of practice
and applicable laws.
www.ee.wits.ac.za/~ecsa/gen/g-04.htm
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How NASA defines Engineering Design
The engineering design process involves a series of
steps that lead to the development of a new product
or system. In the design process, students are to
complete each step and document their work as
they develop their solutions to the problem given.
http://www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/plantgrowth/reference/Eng_Design_5-12.html
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Is this process different than
the Scientific Problem
Solving Method?
No they are very similar. If we have free time,
I want you to look up the Scientific Problem
Solving Method and compare/contrast it to the
Engineering Design Process.
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The 8 Steps of the Engineering Design Process
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STEP 1:
Identify the
Problem -
Students should state the challenge problem
in their own words.
Example: How can I design a __________
that will __________?
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STEP 2:
Identify Criteria
and Constraints
Students should specify the design
requirements (criteria).
Example: Our growth chamber must have a
growing surface of 10 square feet and have a
delivery volume of 3 cubic feet or less.
Students should list the limits on the design
due to available resources and the
environment (constraints). Example: Our
growth chamber must be accessible to
astronauts without the need for leaving the
spacecraft.
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STEP 3:
Each student in the group should sketch his
or her own ideas as the group discusses
ways to solve the problem.
Brainstorm
Possible
Solutions
Labels and arrows should be included to
identify parts and how they might move.
These drawings should be quick and brief
thumbnail sketches.
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STEP 4:
Generate Ideas
In this step, each student should develop two
or three ideas more thoroughly.
Students should create new drawings that
are orthographic projections (multiple views
showing the top, front and one side) and
isometric drawings (three-dimensional
depiction). These are to be drawn neatly,
using rulers to draw straight lines and to
make parts proportional.
Parts and measurements should be labeled
clearly.
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STEP 5:
Explore
Possibilities
The developed ideas should be shared and
discussed among the team members.
Students should record pros and cons of
each design idea directly on the paper next
to the drawings.
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STEP 6:
Select an
Approach
Students should work in teams and identify
the design that appears to solve the problem
the best.
Students should write a statement that
describes why they chose the solution.
This should include some reference to the
criteria and constraints given.
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STEP 7:
Build a Model or
Prototype
Students will construct a full-size or scale
model based on their drawings.
The teacher will help identify and acquire
appropriate modeling materials and tools.
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STEP 8:
Students will examine and evaluate their
prototypes or designs based on the criteria
and constraints.
Refine the Design
Teams may enlist students from other teams
to review the solution and help identify
changes that need to be made.
Based on criteria and constraints, teams
must identify any problems and proposed
solutions.
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Assignments
ABC Review = “Daily Grade”
Engineering Design Process = “Daily Grade”
Finished Working Prototype graded per the rubric
= “Major Grade”
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Lets have some fun and
see if you can follow the
8 Steps
Here is your first Engineering Design Problem!
Follow the steps, have fun, and good luck!
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Not your Daddies’
Paper Air Plane
Problem =
There are many ways that you can make any piece of paper fly. Your
challenge is to design a nontraditional paper glider/airplane. It will be
judged based upon: (These will change from class to class, it could
be any of the following)
Longest distance traveled
Able to hit a given target
Able to fly through an obstacle
Straightest line
Travels a specific distance
Longest flight
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Rules =
1.
2.
3.
4.
You must work in a team of two(2)
preferred; but a team of three(3)
may be allowed.
Yours can NOT be folded or bent in
anyway like you would a
traditional paper air plane.
You can use any type or size of
paper available be it printer,
construction, card board, or
manila folder paper.
Your only tool allowed is scissors
since you can cut out or etch any
design onto the paper that you
think will help you.
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Timeline
Day 1-2 = Get into your team and begin the design process
Day 3 = Show your process to teacher for approval and
select the paper you will use, you will be allowed up to three
(3) sheets maximum in case you ruin a prototype as you
build it. You may test your design up to a maximum of five
(5) times. Your design can NOT hit your fellow competitor's!
Day 4 = Test Day to see what team(s) have the best design
Day 5 = Refine the Design Day - the only day you can make
design changes to your prototype for the actual test.
Day 6 = Test Day of Final Prototype
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Extension/Bonus
Look up the Scientific Problem Solving Method and
compare/contrast it to the Engineering Design Process.
Create your own paper glider from one of the options on this
website:
http://www.nmcap.org/ae/Activities/index.html
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