Transcript Metabolic Processes

Metabolic Processes - Part III
Photosynthesis
Test Review
Part A: True and False
The one thing that all photosynthetic
organisms have in common is
chlorophyll.
A. True
B. False
The one thing that all photosynthetic
organisms have in common is
chlorophyll.
A. True
B. False
The structure that connects stacks of
thylakoids is the grana.
A. True
B. False
The structure that connects stacks of
thylakoids is the grana.
A. True
B. False - channels (lamella)
During photosynthesis light energy is
transferred to ADP and NADP+,
forming ATP and NADPH.
A. True
B. False
During photosynthesis light energy is
transferred to ADP and NADP+,
forming ATP and NADPH.
A. True
B. False
The reactions of carbon fixation
depend on the light reactions to
supply ATP and NADPH.
A. True
B. False
The reactions of carbon fixation
depend on the light reactions to
supply ATP and NADPH.
A. True
B. False
Light energy is principally transferred
by chlorophyll b.
A. True
B. False
Light energy is principally transferred
by chlorophyll b.
A. True
B. False - chlorophyll a
Most plants are green because that
is the colour of light they need for
photosynthesis.
A. True
B. False
Most plants are green because that
is the colour of light they need for
photosynthesis.
A. True
B. False - the combination of
pigments absorb light at the blue
and red end of the spectrum and
green is left to reflect back into
our eyes
In comparing respiration and
photosynthesis, respiration releases
energy while photosynthesis stores
energy.
A. True
B. False
In comparing respiration and
photosynthesis, respiration releases
energy while photosynthesis stores
energy.
A. True
B. False
The source of electrons in
photosynthesis is light.
A. True
B. False
The source of electrons in
photosynthesis is light.
A. True
B. False - water
The inner membrane of both the
mitochondrion and the chloroplast is
the site of their respective electron
transport chains.
A. True
B. False
The inner membrane of both the
mitochondrion and the chloroplast is
the site of their respective electron
transport chains.
A. True
B. False - electron transport chain
of chloroplast is found in the
thylakoid membrane
The location of the H+ reservoir in the
chloroplast is the intermembrane
space.
A. True
B. False
The location of the H+ reservoir in the
chloroplast is the intermembrane
space.
A. True
B. False - interior of thylakoid
Part B: Multiple Choice
Grana are formed from
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
stroma
photosystem
lamellae
thylakoids
reaction centres
Grana are formed from
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
stroma
photosystem
lamellae
thylakoids
reaction centres
In an investigation of the pigments in
the leaves of a particular plant, one
spot moved 8.0 cm from the origin,
while the solvent front moved 10.0
cm. What would the Rf value of the
pigment be?
a. 80.0
b. 8.0
c. 2.0
d. 1.25
e. 0.8
In an investigation of the pigments in
the leaves of a particular plant, one
spot moved 8.0 cm from the origin,
while the solvent front moved 10.0
cm. What would the Rf value of the
pigment be?
a. 80.0
b. 8.0
c. 2.0
d. 1.25
e. 0.8
Land plants get the CO2 they need
for photosynthesis mostly from
a. breakdown of starch
b. carbonates in the soil
c. the atmosphere
d. carbon fixation in the roots
e. water via the roots
Land plants get the CO2 they need
for photosynthesis mostly from
a. breakdown of starch
b. carbonates in the soil
c. the atmosphere
d. carbon fixation in the roots
e. water via the roots
Which one of the following is not a
characteristic of the light reactions?
a. electrons are displaced
b. carbon fixation happens
c. reduction happens
d. energy is converted from a
physical to a chemical form
e. they take place in the thylakoids
of chloroplasts
Which one of the following is not a
characteristic of the light reactions?
a. electrons are displaced
b. carbon fixation happens
c. reduction happens
d. energy is converted from a
physical to a chemical form
e. they take place in the thylakoids
of chloroplasts
Which of the following events of
photosynthesis is concerned
immediately with light?
a. production of ATP
b. fixation of carbon dioxide
c. transfer of energy from
chlorophyll to carbon dioxide
d. excitation of chlorophyll
e. regeneration of chlorophyll
Which of the following events of
photosynthesis is concerned
immediately with light?
a. production of ATP
b. fixation of carbon dioxide
c. transfer of energy from
chlorophyll to carbon dioxide
d. excitation of chlorophyll
e. regeneration of chlorophyll
A kind of herbicide works by
disrupting the structure of the internal
membranes of a chloroplast. Which
segment of photosynthesis would be
the most affected?
a. activation of the photosystems
b. reduction
c. absorption of light of chlorophyll
d. manufacture of ATP
e. evolution of oxygen
A kind of herbicide works by
disrupting the structure of the internal
membranes of a chloroplast. Which
segment of photosynthesis would be
the most affected?
a. activation of the photosystems
b. reduction
c. absorption of light of chlorophyll
d. manufacture of ATP
e. evolution of oxygen
Photophosphorylation specifically
refers to the
a. synthesis of glucose via carbon
fixation
b. splitting water as a result of light
c. synthesis of ATP by photolysis
d. reduction of NADPH by electron
transport
e. synthesis of ATP using light
Photophosphorylation specifically
refers to the
a. synthesis of glucose via carbon
fixation
b. splitting water as a result of light
c. synthesis of ATP by photolysis
d. reduction of NADPH by electron
transport
e. synthesis of ATP using light
Electrons released as a result of
photolysis
a. combine with H+ ions and
oxygen to form water
b. are used directly in the fixation
of carbon during the Calvin cycle
c. reduce photosystem I
chlorophyll molecules
d. reduce photosystem II
chlorophyll molecules
e. oxidize NADP+
Electrons released as a result of
photolysis
a. combine with H+ ions and
oxygen to form water
b. are used directly in the fixation
of carbon during the Calvin cycle
c. reduce photosystem I
chlorophyll molecules
d. reduce photosystem II
chlorophyll molecules
e. oxidize NADP+
Photon energy, captured by
chlorophyll a, is transferred as
chemical energy to
a. carbon dioxide
b. glucose
c. other chlorophylls
d. carotenoids
e. a series of hydrogen acceptors
Photon energy, captured by
chlorophyll a, is transferred as
chemical energy to
a. carbon dioxide
b. glucose
c. other chlorophylls
d. carotenoids
e. a series of hydrogen
acceptors
When photosynthesis occurs, the
oxygen that is released comes from
a. chlorophyll
b. an intermediate of the Calvin
cycle
c. a carbohydrate
d. water
e. carbon dioxide
When photosynthesis occurs, the
oxygen that is released comes from
a. chlorophyll
b. an intermediate of the Calvin
cycle
c. a carbohydrate
d. water
e. carbon dioxide
What does carbon dioxide combine
with during photosynthesis?
a. G3P
b. ribulose bisphosphate
c. ribulose
d. NAD+
e. water
What does carbon dioxide combine
with during photosynthesis?
a. G3P
b. ribulose bisphosphate
c. ribulose
d. NAD+
e. water
Photorespiration occurs principally
because of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
elevated carbon dioxide levels in
the leaves due to photosynthesis
elevated oxygen levels in the
leaves due to cellular respiration
an increase in oxygenase
activity relative to carboxylase
activity as temperature
increases
an increase in light intensity
none of the above
Photorespiration occurs principally
because of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
elevated carbon dioxide levels in
the leaves due to photosynthesis
elevated oxygen levels in the
leaves due to cellular respiration
an increase in oxygenase
activity relative to carboxylase
activity as temperature
increases
an increase in light intensity
none of the above
There is a cost associated with the
C4 pathway. This cost consists of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
NADPH
NADH
cytochrome oxidation
ATP
none of the above
There is a cost associated with the
C4 pathway. This cost consists of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
NADPH
NADH
cytochrome oxidation
ATP
none of the above
Photosynthesis is important to the
planet because it releases
a. both ATP and oxygen
b. oxygen
d. NADH
c. carbon dioxide
e. ATP
Photosynthesis is important to the
planet because it releases
a. both ATP and oxygen
b. oxygen
d. NADH
c. carbon dioxide
e. ATP
In green plants, respiration takes
place
a. only during the day time
b. only during the night time
c. all of the time
d. only in cells with no chlorophyll
e. only when photosynthesis stops
In green plants, respiration takes
place
a. only during the day time
b. only during the night time
c. all of the time
d. only in cells with no chlorophyll
e. only when photosynthesis stops
Part C: Short Answer
What are the pigments most
commonly found in the chloroplasts
of leaves in higher plants?
Which of these are regarded as
accessory pigments and why?
What are the advantages, if any, to a
plant having several different
pigments?
-
-
-
The main pigments found in the
leaves of higher plants are the
chlorophylls (a and b and to a lesser
extent c and d) and carotenoids.
All but chlorophyll a are accessory
pigments since only chlorophyll a is
able to transfer the energy of light to
the carbon fixation reactions.
By having several different pigments
a plant can absorb many different
wavelengths of light most efficiently.
When sunlight strikes a leaf, what is
the first thing that happens in terms
of energy conversion?
A photon of light, of the correct
wavelength, strikes a molecule of
chlorophyll a in photosystem II, the
molecule becomes excited. In this
excited state, the chlorophyll is
responsible for the splitting of a water
molecule which makes hydrogen
ions and electrons available, a
source of chemical potential energy.
What are the roles of water and light
in photosynthesis?
- Water is needed as a source of
hydrogen ions and electrons which
are used in reduction reactions.
- Light is needed as a source of
energy to excite electrons of
chlorophyll, which results in the
splitting of water to form oxygen and
release the hydrogen ions and
electrons mentioned previously.
Outline the differences between cyclic
and noncyclic photophosphorylation.
In cyclic photophosphorylation, the
energized electron from photosystem I
returns to photosystem I via the cytochrome
carrier system. This produces ATP, but not
NADPH.
In non-cyclic photophosphorylation both
photosystems I and II energize an electron
to a higher level. And this produces ATP as
the electron goes through the cytochrome
system and also produces NADPH.