Transcript Introduction

Where to Publish
our Research Paper?
Payam Kabiri, MD. PhD.
Epidemiologist
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics
School of Public Health
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Biomedical Journals
Now 400,000 Journal
 280,000 Active Journal
 30,000 Active & Valid Biomedical Journal
 Publish Millions of Papers

Questions to answer in choosing a
journal for paper submission
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National or international audience?
Language?
Databases indexes Journal?
Multidisciplinary or specialty journals?
The journal’s content area/scope?
Chances of acceptance?
What about the impact factor?
Practical matters (time to publication, etc.)
English or Another Language?
Impact factor (English journals typically
3.0, single other language about 0.5
 Need an English speaking colleague,
not a translator
 Size of audience
 Most journals will help with copyediting
but reviewers need readable English

Which language?
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For international audience: English is
probably the language of choice
Option: Publish in several languages (with
editors’ permission)
For national audiences: publish in the
language of the country
Click here to see the list of Farsi Approved
Journals !
Consider your chances of being
accepted?
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Acceptance rates: English language: 15 - 95%,
non-English: 25 - 100%
Note: many journals do not know their
acceptance rates or do not want to state them
Acceptance depends on quality and style of the
article and administrative resources of the
journal (some journals may help with text and
language editing)
Consider, but do not be fooled by, the
Journal Impact Factor (JIF)
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JIF is determined by the frequency at which
articles in that journal were cited
high impact journals have more prestige, but JIF
depends on other things, like number of coauthors and indexing
non-English journals are at a disadvantage
number of databases indexing the journal will
determine who sees abstract of article
Consider these practical
aspects:
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How long to get the article peer reviewed?
How long between acceptance and publication?
Geographical distribution (i.e. penetration outside
US and Europe)
Special audiences
How much editorial support does it give?
Finding and choosing an
appropriate journal to Submit
 Where
to look for the journal:
Personal
experience
Colleagues’ experience
Library
Citations in Databases
Online Resources
How to see where a journal is
indexed?

To check in which database a journal is
indexed & where we can find its full text,
search your journal name in these
websites:
 http://jake.openly.com/
 http://journalseek.net/
General Databases
(Comprehensive OR Core Databases)

Medical Sciences
 Medline
 Embase
 Scopus
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All Sciences
 Web
of Sciences
Specialized Databases
(Subjects Specified Databases)
Biological Abstracts
 International Pharmaceutical Abstract
 PsychInfo
 CINAHL
 Chemical Abstracts
 Agricola
 Econlite
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Medline
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By US National Library of Medicine
Bibliographic Data of +5400 Journal
Over 19,000,000 citations of both clinical and
preclinical studies.
Complementary database known as
PreMEDLINE includes citations and abstracts for
studies that have been published recently but
not yet indexed.
Subject Coverage: All Specialties of Medicine
60% of References contain Abstracts
Web of Science
“Web of Science” is the database name
provided by “Institute of Scientific
Information” famous in our country as “ISI”.
 The complete company name is Thomson
Reuters ISI.
 The Web of Sciences is the same database
that we calculate the Journals Impact
Factor from its data.

Web of Science
If a journal is in Web of Science, it means it
should have Impact Factor & vice versa.
 Don’t confuse Web of Sciences Journals
with ISI Master list Journals !
 Web of Science indexed about 9000
Journals while ISI Master List 15,000
Journals.

The Journal Impact Factor
The Journal Impact Factor is calculated for
those journals only which are indexed &
included in Web of Sciences Databases,
NOT more !
 The database which contain the Journal
Impact Factors is Journal Citation Report
abbreviated JCR.
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What is Journal Impact Factor?
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The average citation frequency for articles
published in a journal, or how many times,
on average, during the study year the
articles that appeared in the 2 preceding
years of that journal received citations in
other (ISI) indexed journals only.
Impact Factor Calculation

Citations in the current JCR year to articles
published in the previous two years divided
by the number of articles published in the
previous two years.
Citations in 2008 to articles published in 2006 + 2007
IF=
Total 2006 + 2007 Papers
Immediacy Index
2008
2007
2006
All
Previous
Years
Impact Factor
Cited ½ Life
Citation
Source paper – published in 2008
Cited reference – published in 2008
Cited reference – published in 2007 or 2006
How to Find Impact Factors?

Directly from Journal Citation Report
Database through ISI.

Using the PDF & Excel Datasheets,
prepared especially for this matter.
 Click
Here to See 2008 IF !
2008 Impact Factors
ULRICHS Periodical Database
Open Access Model
Publisher
Manuscript
$
Author pays small amount of money
or rather, institution pays on author’s behalf
Result:
OPEN
ACCESS
Everyone has access
All use is fair use
Open Access publishers
BioMedCentral
 PubMedCentral
 Public Library of Science
 Journal of Medical Internet Research
 ....
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How is Open Access achieved
at BioMed Central?
Reversing the business model: removing
subscription charges and introducing article
processing charges, whilst allowing authors to
keep the copyright to their article
Article processing charge of 500-1500 US Dollar
per published article
Waivers are available
No colour charges or other ‘hidden’ charges
Open Access publishing:
the benefits
Free Access
Anyone` with Internet access can freely read the papers, no need to worry
about subscriptions
Maximum Visibility = Maximum impact!
BioMed Central’s papers average >200 downloads per article per month
High chance of being cited
Speed
Online system for submission, peer review and publication
Published on the day of acceptance
No page constraints
Listed without delay in PubMed and deposited without embargo in PubMed
Central and other secure archives
Full Peer Review • Immediate Publication • Open Access
BioMedCentral
Independent publisher since 2001
 More than 158 open access journals
 Many already having impact factor
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 Prestigious publisher
 So, pressure on Thomson/ISI
for inclusion in
the journal pool
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Article processing fees
 480-1380 € (depending on the journal)
 Some still free (the newest, usually)
Iranian Journal Currently
Indexed in Medline
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6.
Archives of Iranian Medicine
Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and
Immunology
Urology Journal
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Iranian Biomedical Journal
Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases
Iranian Journals Currently
indexed in Web of Science
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2.
3.
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6.
7.
8.
9.
Archives of Iranian Medicine
Daru - Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy
Hepatitis Monthly
Iranian Biomedical Journal
Iranian Journal of Allergy Asthma and Immunology
Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science &
Engineering
Iranian Journal of Fertility & Sterility
Iranian Journal of Immunology
Iranian Journal of Ophthalmology
Iranian Journals Currently
indexed in Web of Science
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11.
12.
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14.
15.
16.
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18.
19.
Iranian Journal of Parasitology
Iranian Journal of Pediatrics
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Iranian Journal of Public Health
Iranian Journal of Radiation Research
Iranian Journal of Radiology
Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine
Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal
Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Yakhteh
Iranian Journals Currently
indexed in Scopus
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10.
Acta Medica Iranica
Archives of Iranian Medicine
Daru
Hepatitis Monthly
International Journal of Fertility and Sterility
Iranian Biomedical Journal
Iranian Cardiovascular Research Journal
Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders`
Iranian Journals Currently
indexed in Scopus
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12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and
Engineering
Iranian journal of immunology : IJI
Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Iranian Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Iranian Journal of Ophthalmology
Iranian Journal of Parasitology
Iranian Journal of Pediatrics
Iranian Journals Currently
indexed in Scopus
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21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Iranian Journal of Public Health
Iranian Journal of Radiation Research
Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine
Journal of Medicinal Plants
Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Urology journal
Yakhteh
Questions
! ‫ بزنید‬Email ‫اگر میل داشتید‬
[email protected]
Authorship &
Publication Ethics
Payam Kabiri, MD. PhD.
Epidemiologist
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics
School of Public Health
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Authorship
 Authors
are listed to provide a public
record of responsibility and credit for
the work
 Only
those who can take both
responsibility and credit for a work
should be authors
Author or Contributor !
 Author
or Contributor
 Authorship or Contributionship
 Correspondence or Guarantorship
Authors Roles !
Authorship Policies Try to
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Ensure that all those who deserve
authorship are listed as authors

Ensure that those who do not deserve
authorship are not listed as authors
Authorship
1.
2.
3.
Substantial contributions to conception
and design, or acquisition of data, or
analysis and interpretation of date AND
Drafting the article or revising it critically
for important intellectual content AND
Final approval of the version to be
published
All 3 conditions should be met for assigning authorship
(Consensus Statement, International Council of Medical Journal Editors)
Acknowledgments
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All contributors who do not meet the
criteria for authorship should be listed in
an acknowledgments section
 who
provided purely technical help
 writing assistance
 department chair who provided only general
support
 Financial and material support
How to avoid problems with
authorship?
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2.
3.
4.
Follow the international guidelines.
Agree before starting
Don’t add a senior author to improve
the chances of publication
Agree on who will be corresponding
author.
Types of Authorship !
 Gift
Authorship
 Ghost Authorship
Gift Authorship
Gift authorship: inclusion of authors who
made no substantial contributions (heads of
departments, superiors, family, colleagues &
collaborators).
 Some one who has NOT contributed
substantially to the work is listed as a byline
author.
 Often a senior person whose name has
cache.

Ghost Authorship
Ghost authorship: exclusion of authors
who did contribute significantly (junior staff,
"supporting" contributors)
 A “nobody” writer (the ghost) writes an
article, then a “somebody”
agrees to put his or her
name on the byline

‫ترتيب نويسندگان‬
‫‪ ‬به ترتيب الفبا‬
‫‪ ‬به ترتيب نقش‬
‫‪‬نويسنده اول‪ :‬مسئوليت اصلي جمع آوري و آناليز دادهها و‬
‫نويسنده ويراستار اول مقاله‬
‫‪‬نويسنده آخر‪ :‬محقق صاحبنام‪ ,‬مسئول کلي مطالعه‬
‫‪‬نويسندگان مياني‪ :‬به ترتيب اهميت نقش‬
What is Plagiarism?
According to Webster's New World
Dictionary, to plagiarize is to "take the ideas,
writings, etc. from another and pass them off
as one's own“
Plagiarism is the act of presenting the
words, ideas, images, sounds, or the
creative expression of others as your own.
‫سرقت علمي )‪(Plagiarism‬‬
‫‪ ‬استفاده بدون ذکر ماخذ‪ ,‬از ايده و اثر انتشار يافته يا انتشار‬
‫نيافته ديگران‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬تمام منابع بايد ذکر شوند‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬اگر ميزان قابل توجهي از اثر ديگري قرار است مورد استفاده‬
‫قرار گيرد بايد از وي اجازه گرفته شود‪.‬‬
‫‪Fraud‬‬
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‫در مقاله نويس ي‪ Fraud ،‬درجات مختلفي دارد که بدترين درجه آن‬
‫‪ Fabrification‬است به اين معني که دادهها و ‪ Data‬را سنتز‬
‫کنيد‪ .‬يعني دادههايي را بسازيد که اصل وجود خارجي نداشته اند‪.‬‬
‫درجه خفيفتر ‪ Falsification ، fraud‬يا به اشتباه انداختن‬
‫ميباشد‪ ،‬يعني اينکه تعدادي از دادهها را حذف کنند و يا تعدادي را‬
‫اضافه کنند و به طور کلي دستکاري دادهها را ‪Falsification‬‬
‫ميگويند و يا اينکه تعدادي از دادهها را که جوابهاي آنها با ساير دادهها‬
‫همخواني ندارد را حذف کرده و کنار بگذاريد‪.‬‬
‫اگر دادههای عوارض جانبي را در يک مطالعه ‪ clinical trial‬گزارش‬
‫نکنيد‪ ،‬باز هم به نوعي ‪ Falsification‬اتفاق افتاده است‪.‬‬
How to avoid Plagiarism?
1.
2.
Quoting
Re-wording or Re-phrasing
Direct Quotes
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If you use someone else’s writing without
putting it in quotes, you have blatantly
plagiarized.
Even if you add the source in your
bibliography, it is still plagiarism !
Paraphrasing

Be careful about rewriting someone else’s
words. If your sentences use many of the
same words and grammatical structure as
the original source, it could be construed
as plagiarism. Just put the text in your
own words.
When Paraphrasing…
Be sure you are not just rearranging or
replacing words.
 Rewrite the phrase in your own words and
credit the original source.
 Double check what you have wrote by
comparing it with the original writing.

Let’s Practice: Are the Following
Plagiarism or Not?

Original source: The effort required to provide
online information literacy instruction is intense.

Your paper: ”The effort required to provide
online information literacy instruction is intense.”
(Smith 2006, p.42)
Answer ?
Not Plagiarism
You’ve used quotation marks and cited the source
so that no one believes that these are your own
words
Let’s Practice: Are the Following
Plagiarism or Not?
Original source: The effort required to provide
online information literacy instruction is intense.
Your paper: Smith (2006, p.42) argues that
providing online courses in information literacy is
hard work.
Answer ?
Not Plagiarism
You’ve interpreted without quoting, have cited your
source, and have not used a great deal of the
original terminology
Let’s Practice: Are the Following
Plagiarism or Not?
Original source: The effort required to provide
online information literacy instruction is intense.
Your paper: The work needed to provide online
information literacy teaching is intense.
Answer ?
Plagiarism
Your version is a paraphrase of the original with a
lot of the original terminology still there as well
as the same sentence structure.
Plagiarism Detection Softwares
There are lots of Plagiarism Detection
Softwares which you can find on the web.
 Here are some of them:

 http://www.anticutandpaste.com
 http://www.plagiarismdetect.com
 http://www.dustball.com/cs/plagiarism.checker/
 http://www.millikin.edu/wcenter/plagiarism3.html
 http://www.plagiarismfinder.com/en-index.htm
Plagiarism Detection Websites
There are lots of Plagiarism Detection
Online Websites which you can find on the
web.
 Here are some of them:

 http://www.duplichecker.com/
 http://invention.swmed.edu/etblast/etblast.shtml
 http://www.turnitin.com/http://www.millikin.edu/wcenter/p
lagiarism3.html
Guidelines for Publication

Do not plagiarize!
 Always
credit the work of others
 Be sure to cite sources
 Include all cited sources in the reference list
and vice versa
 Obtain permission to include figures, models,
graphs, etc.
‫‪Publication Ethics‬‬
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‫‪( Redundant Publication‬تکراري بودن مقاله) ‪ :‬وقتي است که دو يا چند‬
‫مقاله بدون اينکه ذکر کنند‪ ،‬از يک ‪ Data‬و ‪ Material‬استفاده کرده باشند و در‬
‫حقيقت شبيه به هم باشند‪.‬‬
‫‪ Duplicate Submission‬يا ارسال همزمان يک مقاله به چند مجله نيز جزء‬
‫تخلفات به حساب مي آيد‪.‬‬
‫منتشر کردن متن کامل (‪ )Full text‬مقالهاي که ‪ Abstract‬آن قبل در گنگرهاي‬
‫ارائه گرديده‪ ،‬اشکالي ندارد‪.‬‬
‫چاپ شدن قبلي ‪ abstract‬يک مقاله‪ ،‬مانع از آن نيست که مقاله کامل آن را چاپ‬
‫کنيد‪.‬‬
‫اصول در مورد ‪ ،Abstract‬قانون کپي رايت کمتر در مورد آن رعايت ميشود و ارسال و‬
‫چاپ کردن ‪ Abstract‬يک مقاله حتي به صورت همزمان درچند کنگره مختلف‬
‫اشکالي ندارد‪.‬‬
‫‪Publication Rules‬‬
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‫منتشر کردن مقاله به يک زبان ديگر‪ ،‬اشکالي ندارد ولي بايد ذکر کنيد که اين‬
‫مقاله قبل به زبان ديگري چاپ گرديده است‪.‬‬
‫نکته‪ :‬اگر ميخواهيد که مقاله خود را به مجله ديگري ارسال کنيد‪ ،‬در‬
‫صورتيکه قبل به جاي ديگري ارسال کرده ايد ولي به دليل گذشت زمان‬
‫طولني هنوز جوابي نگرفته ايد‪ ،‬بهتر است که ابتدا با مجله اولي مکاتبه کرده‬
‫و مقاله خود را پس بگيريد و سپس آنرا به مجله جديد ارسال کنيد‪.‬‬
‫نکته‪ :‬سعي کنيد که در مقاله خود از خلصه مقالههاي کنگرهها‪ ،‬به عنوان‬
‫رفرانس استفاده نکنيد و اصول آنها را به عنوان رفرانس قرار ندهيد‪.‬‬
Publication Ethics Codes &
Protocols
You can find more guidelines & protocols
of publication ethics in COPE (Committee
of Publication Ethics) Website.
 http://www.publicationethics.org.uk/

A tale of two citations !
Errami M. Garner H. A tale of two citations Nature, Volume 451, Issue 7177, 24 January 2008, Pages
397-399
! ‫ بزنید‬Email ‫اگر میل داشتید‬
[email protected]