Transcript Slide 1

Nanotechnology at Surrey
Professor Jeremy Allam
Advanced Technology Institute
Department of Physics
University of Surrey, UK
[email protected]
www.ati.surrey.ac.uk
Nanotechnology at Surrey
Contents
• What is Nanotechnology?
• Nanotechnology research at Surrey
• Teaching Nanotechnology
• Organisational tools
www.ati.surrey.ac.uk
Picturing the
nanoscale
No Cuts
Length
Objects on that scale
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21.0 cm Pencil
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5.25 cm Toothpick
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1.31 cm Diameter of a finger
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3.28 mm Kernel of corn
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820 mm Gnat
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205 mm Tip of a needle , bee sting
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51.2 mm Diameter of a human hair
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12.8 mm Silt
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3.2 mm Red blood cell
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801 nm Bacteria
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200 nm Resolution of optical microscope
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50.0 nm Virus, Intel’s smallest transistor
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12.5 nm Thickness of a cell wall
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3.13 nm Cluster of atoms, a nanoparticle
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7.82 Å Eight hydrogen atoms lined up
What is
nanotechnology
?
Not just about miniaturisation…
What is
nanotechnology
?
Not just about miniaturisation…
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Emergent phenomena
Convergence
Self-assembly
Self-replication
Bio-nanotechnology
What is
nanotechnology
?
Not just about miniaturisation…
• Emergent phenomena
As the size of a crystal shrinks towards the size of molecules and
atoms, its electrons start to follow the laws of quantum mechanics
rather than classical mechanics, and behave more like waves than
like particles. The electrical and optical properties can be
dramatically changed just by changing the size.
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Convergence
Self-assembly
Self-replication
Bio-nanotechnology
What is
nanotechnology
?
Not just about miniaturisation…
• Emergent phenomena
• Convergence
Progress in nanotechnology is dependent on understanding ideas
from physics, engineering, chemistry and biology: it is a multidisciplinary or convergent topic. This has implications for how we
teach science and how we structure research.
• Self-assembly
• Self-replication
• Bio-nanotechnology
What is
nanotechnology
?
Not just about miniaturisation…
• Emergent phenomena
• Convergence
• Self-assembly
Although most miniature devices are made by making small patterns
on large objects (“top down”), it may be possible to get better control
by assembling individual atoms or molecules into larger clusters
(“bottom up”). Self-limiting chemical or biological synthesis can be
used.
• Self-replication
• Bio-nanotechnology
What is
nanotechnology
?
Not just about miniaturisation…
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Emergent phenomena
Convergence:
Self-assembly
Self-replication
borrowing ideas from biology, we can imagine machines which
reproduce themselves. This has given rise to some newspaper
stories about nanorobots taking over the world. Is this science fact or
science fiction?
• Bio-nanotechnology
What is
nanotechnology
?
Not just about miniaturisation…
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Emergent phenomena
Convergence
Self-assembly
Self-replication
Bio-nanotechnology
by making structures which are the same size as the components of
cells, we can start to manipulate biological processes, or make
sensors which are sensitive to a single molecule. Or, we can exploit
Nature’s nanotechnology, using DNA to assemble scaffolds or to
make biomolecular motors.
Cultivating Nanotechnology at Surrey
• Critical-mass multi-disciplinary research institutes
• Advanced Technology Institute
• Surrey Materials Institute
• Materials and Nanoscience theme within Faculty of Health and
Medical Sciences
• Funding for strategic infrastructure
• Joint Infrastructure Fund (JIF) from HEFCE
• University of Surrey Foundation Fund
• Science Research Investment Fund (SRIF)
• Partnerships
• South-East Physics Network (SEPNET)
• Surrey-NPL Partnership (National Physical Laboratory)
• Co-operative Exploitation
• SETsquared
www.ati.surrey.ac.uk
End-to-end Nanotechnology
• Materials
• Devices
• Applications
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Functional materials
Electronics and photonics
Energy
Sensing
Medicine
• Exploitation and Spin outs
• Environment and Society
– Toxicology
– Ethics
– Corporate Responsibility
‘Nanotechnology: risk, ethics and law’
Prof. Geoff Hunt
www.ati.surrey.ac.uk
Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility in
Nanotechnology Industries
The project aims to provide a deeper understanding of the current and
prospective role of governance models and of CSR in the nanotechnology
industries and and subsequently communicate the findings to the relevant
stakeholders.
What are the company drivers towards technology development and use in this
sector? What are the drivers towards the application of CSR? What are the
relevant legislation at UK, European Community and international levels?
What is the dominant mode of CSR and of governance in this industry, and how
closely does it match modes in other industries?
To what extent and how are global principles, such as Duty of Care,
Precautionary and Polluter Pays Principle recognised in the deliberation
processes and the innovation drives?
Which, if any, pre-product screening methodologies are currently (or can be)
applied, notably eco-toxicology, Life-cycle assessment, risk assessment,
regulatory compliance assessment etc? What is their scope and remit?
What are the strategic drivers for industry to pursue and implement such
technology drives? (Technology-push, Market-pull?
How effective is the de facto governance process to “future proof” technology
and to identify long-term risk? How is uncertainty being assessed and
managed, if any, in the strategic product design and manufacturing choices
involving nanotechnology?
Centre for Environmental Strategy
+ Faculty of Health and Medical Science + Faculty of Law
www.ati.surrey.ac.uk
Teaching Nanotechnology at Surrey
• Undergraduate Degrees
• Modules in nanoelectronics, nanophotonics…
• Masters Degrees
• MSc in Nanotechnology and Nanoelectronic Devices
• Doctoral Degrees
• PhD in Nanotechnology
• Engineering Doctorate (EngD) in Micro- and
NanoMaterials and Technologies
• Continuing Education
www.ati.surrey.ac.uk
MSc Nanotechnology
and Nanoelectronic
Devices
Designed to provide a fundamental understanding and practical experience
of developing nanotechnology and nanoelectronic devices during a 1 year
full-time programme comprising:
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Introduction to Nanotechnology
Nanosilicon and Devices
Advanced Experimental Methods
Nanoelectronics and Devices
Nanophotonics
Frontiers of Nanotechnology
Advanced Research Project
Programme Directors: Dr David Carey and Dr Richard Curry
Nanotechnology Outreach
• Exhibits for the Science Museum, London
• Schools talks and residential workshops
• Set-up “Nanotechnology Task Force” to inform
government decisions on Nanotechnology
• Membership (Prof Roland Clift) of the Royal Society
Working Group to examine the risk and regulatory
issues raised by nanotechnology
www.ati.surrey.ac.uk
Welcome to the
University of Surrey
Understanding the Real World
The University
of Surrey
A world-class research base …
2002 Queen’s Anniversary Prize
for R&D in ion beams & optoelectronics
… pursuing
innovation and enterprise.
over 20 satellites launched by Surrey Space Centre
“the rising star of higher education”
(Times Higher Education Supplement)
The University
of Surrey
Vocational degrees
with professional training…
“the University for Jobs” (Sunday Times)
…and a thriving
postgraduate community
UniS awards 2nd largest number
of higher qualifications in UK
The University
of Surrey
A truly international university…
students and staff from 140 nations
…supporting the local economy
thriving research park with over
110 companies and 2500 employees