HEALTHY FOOD FOR EUROPE

AMARANTH

Amaranthus cruentus

LIPIDS

IN SEED OIL

NI Sterols Amaranth seed oil HPLC of Lipid Classes (LLSD detection) TAG Squalene LLO LOO OOO OOP TAG = triacylglycerols LLL OPP O – oleic acid C18:1 L – linoleic acid C18:2 P – palmitic acid C16:0 NI – non identified (probably FFA) Squalene Standard Sterols (isolated fraction)

FFA NI FFA – Free Fatty Acids NI – non identified GC of Amaranth seed oil (direct „cold on column injection”) Triacyloglycerols Squalene

see next slide for TAG identification

Amaranth seed oil – triacyloglycerols by GC (direct „cold on column injection”) PLP PLO PLL O

– oleic acid C18:1

L

– linoleic acid C18:2

P

– palmitic acid C16:0

S

– stearic acid C18:0

POP POS POO SOS SOO OOO OOL OLL LLL

Fatty Acid Composition (GC) of Amaranth seed oil (pressed) C 16:0 C 18:1



9 C 18:2 C 18:0 C 17:1 C18:1



11 Fatty acids C14:0

– myristic

C16:0

– palmitic

C16:1

– oleopalmitic

C17:0

– margaric

C18:0

– stearic

C18:1

– oleic

C18:2

– linoleic (9,12 all cis)

C20:0

– arachidic

C18:3

– linolenic (9,12,15 all cis)

C20:1

– eikozenoic

C22:0

– behenic

C24:0

– lignoceric

C 17:0 C 14:0 C 16:1 C 16:2 C 20:0 C 18:3



3 C 20:1 C 22:0 C 24:0

Hydrocarbons isolated from Amaranth seed oil (HR GC, „cold on colum injection”) Squalene

see next slide for traces

Hydrocarbons isolated from Amaranth seed oil (including traces) Squalene hydrocarbons (traces)

Tocopherols in Amaranth seed oil (HPLC/UV at 295 nm) Alpha-T Alpha-T trienol Amaranth seed oil extracted with Carbon Dioxide (SFE) Beta-T Alpha-T Amaranth seed oil extracted with hexane Alpha-T trienol Beta-T Delta-T trienol Delta-T Alpha-T Beta-T Tocopherol Standards Gamma-T Delta-T

FFA Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Amaranth seeds at 50 0 C Squalene Pressure 250 bar Triacylglycerols FFA Squalene Pressure 275 bar TAG TAG FFA Squalene FFA – Free Fatty Acids Pressure 320 bar