Transcript ANALASIS SITUASI DAN MASALAH TRAFIKING ANAK

“GENERAL ASPECTS OF VICTIM SUPPORT”
Makmur Sunusi, Ph.D
DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR REHABILITATION AND SOCIAL SERVICES
THE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL AFFAIRS RI
BACKGROUND
1. Complexity & increasing the number of child trafficking cases, especially
on overseas (returning, repatriating & reintegration)
2. Urgency of special protection efforts on multi aspects, like good
medical, psychosocial, and protection from existing law
3. These efforts have to comprehensive-integrative & inter-disciplinary/
inter-profession approaches
4. Urgency of social services which can help child victim based on the
best interest for the child.
SEVERAL ISSUES
 30% prostitute is child victim of trafficking (Unicef, 1998).
 1.683 trafficking cases detected in the year 2000 (Polri, 2000).
 23% from 1,4 million child worker are children (ILO – IPEC, 2001).
 30% from 130.000 – 240.00 Worker of sex commercial are children under 18 year
(ILO, 1998).
 70.000 child victim of trafficking during 10 of this year (Unicef)
DEFINITION
 Child trafficking is the act of recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring
or receipt of a child for the purpose of exploitation either within or outside
a country
 Consent of the child victim to the intended exploitation is irrelevant even if none
of the following means have been used: “force, coercion, abduction, deception,
abuse of power or actions taken while one is in a state of vulnerability or while
one is in the control of another person”
 A child victim of trafficking (“child victim”) is any person under 18 years of age
THE SCHEME OF CHILD TRAFFICKING
PROCESS
• Recruitment
• Transportation
• Transfer
• Harbouring
• Receipt
METHOD
• Force
• Coercion
• Abduction
• Deception
• Abuse of power
• Actions taken
while one is in a
state of
vulnerability or
while one is in
the control of
another person.
PURPOSE
• The exploitation
of the
prostitution of
others or other
forms of sexual
exploitation
• Forced labour or
services
• Slavery or
practices similar
to slavery
• Servitude or the
removal of
organs.
SOCIAL MAMPPING OF CHILD TRAFFICKING
SENDER
AREA
Barat
(Indramayu, Sukabumi,
Karawang);
Jawa Timur (Jember,
Probolinggo),
Kalbar (Singkawang),
Bali,
NTB,
Sulut,
Lampung
TRANSIT
AREA
Jawa
Jakarta,
Batam,
Surabaya,
Kaltim,
Kalbar,
Lampung

DESTINATION
AREA
Indonesia:
Jakarta, Bandung,
Batam, Palu, Medan,
Surabaya, Makasar,
Menado, Timika,
Merauke.
Overseas:
Taiwan, Thailand
Malaysia, Japan,
Singapore, Hongkong.
LEGAL BASIS
1. Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) (1989)
2. Optional Protocol to the CRC on the sale of children , child prostitution, and child
pornography (2000)
3. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
(CEDAW) (1979)
4. The Hague Convention 28 on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction
(1980)
5. UN Convention Against Transnational Organised Crime (The Palermo Convention)
(2000)
6. Annex II – Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persosn,
Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United National Convention
Against Transnational Organised Crime (The Palermo Trafficking Protocol) (2000)
7. ILO Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the
Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour No. C 182 (1999)
THE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL AFFAIRS RI MANDATE
Based on Keppres No. 88/2002 about National Action Plan for Elimination of
Trafficking in Person, especially Women and Children, The Ministry of Social
Affairs have several tasks :
Preparing of protection home
 Preparing of trauma and crisis centre
 Increasing the function of social rehabilitating agency
 Increasing the function of family consulting agency
 Social advocacy for family of the child victim

POLICY, STRATEGY AND PROGRAM
1. Policy
a. Strengthening the quality of child welfare services.
b. Developing a networking among related party on child
protection.
c. Increasing of social responsibility of the communities.
2. Strategi
a. Social security and protection.
b. Law enforcement
c. Increasing of awareness and social participation.
d. Increasing cooperation among local, national, regional and
international institution.
3. Program
a.
Collecting data and information about child trafficking.
b.
Socialization UU No. 23/2002 about Child Protection on
vulnerable/sending area.
c.
Comprehensive-integrative approach on every efforts for
handling child victim (Medical, psychosocial & protection
from existing law).
d.
Providing direct services and protection for child victim
(Returning, repatriating & social reintegration).
e.
Increasing the professional quality of workers.
f.
Providing a proper budget for handling child victim.
g.
Developing a networking on child victim support.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MANDATE
1.
Dissemination and socialization of the laws and regulations concerned
with child protection, trafficking issues, CSEC, etc.
2.
Developing cooperation inter-sectors/inter-countries on returning,
repatriating & social reintegration.
3.
Facilitating and assistances the developing of networking for child
protection on national level.
4.
Pilot project for developing professional approach (Protection
Home/RPSA at Bambu Apus-Jakarta).
5.
Improving the competency of workers/counselors on child protection.
6.
Family empowerment : vocational training and providing capital as a
stimulant.
7.
Child empowerment : vocational training, providing capital as a stimulant
and education support.
CHILD VICTIM SUPPORT





Temporary Shelter
Protection Home
Children’s Home for Protection and Rehabilitation
Returning, Repatriating & Social Reintegration
Other Services (cooperating with NGO’s, RPK, PKT,
Hospital, LBH, Police, Crisis Centre, Shelter-shelter,
etc.)
CHILD TRAFFICKING CASES



Reunification for 18 child victim of trafficking to Nias-Sumut
Reunification for 14 child victim of trafficking to their families
(Cilacap, Pontianak, Lampung & Aceh)
Collaborative with Jakarta Police Department :
a. 5 cases child trafficking (baby) on Singapore of the
year 2005.
b. 25 babies already saved from child trafficking and almost
22 babies as child victim.
c. Immanuel Foundation cases, 8 babies saved, 80 babies as
child victim.
DIMENTION OF CHILD VICTIM SUPPORT
1. Providing protection and safety place for child victim
2. Providing support and emergency services for child victim
3. Rehabilitating mental from stress and trauma
4. Supporting for better social functioning of child victim
5. Providing returning, repatriating & social reintegration services to their family,
orphanage, or care giver
6. Providing consultancy, advocacy and protection for child victim in their
communities
PRINCIPLES ON HANDLING CHILD VICTIM
1. SAFETY
2. EFFECTIVE
3. PROFESSIONAL
4. COMPREHENSIVE-INTEGRATIVE
5. HIGH SPEED SERVICES
SERVICE PROCESS
DESTINATION AREA
SENDER
NGOs
Family
Hospital
CHILD VICTIM
Police
Society
Family
Reunification
Protection
Home
Temporary
Shelter
TEMPORARY SHELTER
IDENTIFICATION
REGISTRASI
ASSESSMENT
Client’s Reception
First interview
Eligibility Decision
Placement
Client’s
Documentation
Central data based
Assessment
Case conference
Plan of Intervention
BRIEF
COUNSELING
Ventilation technique,
etc
1 month
PHYSICAL
RECOVERY
REFERRAL TO
THE EXPERT
Medical treatment
Physical therapy
Treatment by Experts
Protection Home
TERMINATION
PROTECTION HOME
FAMILY
TRACING
PSHYCOSOCIAL
INTERVENTION
Therapy
Relaxation
Nourishment, etc
FOLLOW-UP
ACTION
Monitoring
Durable solution plan
Contact/ Telephone
Home Visit
ONE– SIX
MONTH
FAMILY
REUNIFICATION
Home visit
Family counseling
reunification
DEVELOPING EFFORTS
1. Training to entire professional worker concerning on handling child victim while
on returning and repatriating from destination area (identification, registeration,
assessment, etc.)
2. Training to entire professional worker on Protection Home concerning an
effectiveness handling of child victim
3. Training for leader and administration staff of Protection Home
4. Training for social worker from many institutions whose care about child
protection and child victim support
CONSTRAINTS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
DATA BASED OF CHILD VICTIM
LACK OF COORDINATION AT
THE NATIONAL LEVEL
DIFFICULTIES ON RETURNING
& REPATRIATING FROM
DESTINATION AREA/OTHER
COUNTRIES (PROCEDURES,
ADDRESS NOT CLEAR,
REJECTED BY CHILD VICTIM,
ETC.)
LACK OF PROFESSIONAL
SOCIAL WORKER
LACK OF AWARENESS AND
PARTICIPATION
WEAK OF LAW ENFORCEMENT
NEXT STEPS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
SOSIALIZATION ABOUT CHILD
PROTECTION ON EVERY LEVEL OF
COMMUNITIES
URGENCY FOCAL POINT ON EVERY
SECTOR
COORDINATION ON PERIODICAL
MEETING AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL
COOPERATION ON RETURNING &
REPATRIATING CHILD VICTIM
FROM DESTINATION AREA/OTHER
CONTRIES
CAPACITY BUILDING FOR SOCIAL
WORKER WHOSE HANDLING OF
CHILD VICTIM
REPLICATION OF HOME
PROTECTION ON TO 10 PROVINCES
(ESPECIALLY ON KALBAR : HIGH
NUMBER OF CASES, FRONTIER
AREA WITH MALAYSIA, MANY OF
PATHS, ETC.)