Focus —the verbal phrase

Monday: Write out the sentence and identify parts of speech including noun, pronoun (type and case), verb (type and case), adverb, adjective, preposition, conjunction (type), gerund, participle, infinitive, and article.

Who likes to lie under the stars on clear nights

The Participle

• What is it?

– A verb that acts as an adjective – Participles are either present (-ing) or past ( ed) tense verbs – Examples: • running water • swimming pool

The infinitive

• What is it?

– The word “to” + a verb – Example: • to walk • to drive

The Gerund

• What is it?

– A verb that acts as a noun – It ends in “ing” – Example: • Walking is wonderful exercise.

Tuesday: Write out the sentence and identify sentence parts including complete subject, simple predicate, verb (transitive or intransitive), direct object, indirect object, predicate nominative, predicate adjective, appositive, appositive phrase, prepositional phrase (adj or adv), gerund phrase, infinitive phrase, participial phrase, object of the preposition, object of the infinitive, and object of gerund.

Who likes to lie under the stars on clear nights

The Phrase

• What is it?

– A group of related words – WITHOUT a subject and its verb – That acts as a part of speech

The Verbal Phrase

• What is it?

– A verb phrase that acts as a noun, adjective, or adverb – There are 3 types of verbal phrases: • Participial • Gerund • Infinitive

The Participial Phrase

• What is it?

– A verbal phrase that begins with a participle and acts like an adjective – Participles are either present (-ing) or past ( ed) tense verbs – Example: • Running down the street

,

I tripped and fell.

Clues to help you find participial phrases

• Look for a verb that is not acting like the predicate, that is not in the main part of the sentence.

• Look for COMMAS!!

Example: I looked Cracking her gum room.

at the geese

,

flying overhead.

Arleta entered the

The Infinitive Phrase

• A verb phrase that begins with “to” that acts like a noun, adjective, or adverb • Clue: Look for the “to!” • Tricky—”to” can also start a prepositional phrase.

Example: To clean her room, blinds.

Arleta had to open the

The Gerund phrase

• What is it?

– A verbal phrase that acts as a noun – Begins with a gerund (ing verb acting as a noun) – Example: • I dread trying out for the play.

How to Distinguish Btwn a Gerund and a Participial Phrase

• Gerund phrases cannot be removed from the sentence; participial phrases can.

• Gerunds are nouns; participles are adjectives

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Practice!! Find the verbals and label them participial or infinitive After school, I like to eat peanut butter sandwiches.

During school, we hear the announcements read by Coach Thames.

To be on time for school is an important skill.

A valuable skill to learn is how to use a textbook (two in this sentence).

The final bell, ringing at 3:05, marks the end of the school day.

Block: Write out the sentence and identify clauses (independent, adverb, adjective, noun), sentence type (simple, compound, complex, compound complex), and sentence purpose (declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory) Who likes to lie under the stars on clear nights

Review

• What are the six types of pronouns?

• What is the difference between an transitive and intransitive verb?

• What type of verb do predicate adjectives and predicate nominatives follow?

• What type of verb do indirect and direct objects follow?

• If a prepositional phrase follows a verb, is it adjective or adverb? How do you know?

Friday: Write out the sentence and add capitalization and punctuation including end punctuation, commas, semicolons, apostrophes, underlining, and quotation marks.

Who likes to lie under the stars on clear nights