Transcript Document

William Swing, Director General
International Organization for Migration
Integrating Migration into Development:
Diaspora as a development enabler
OVERVIEW
I
Global Migration Trends
II
Integrate Migration in Post-2015 Development Agenda
III
Diasporas Enable Development
I. GLOBAL MIGRATION TRENDS
1 in 7
232 million international migrants
+ 740 million internal migrants
1 billion migrants
UNPRECEDENTED
HUMAN MOBILITY
Migration: a Positive Phenomenon
Inevitable – demographics, crises,
climate change
Necessary – durable development
Desirable -- if well-governed
• Reduce risks and costs
• Facilitate regular migration
• Protect the human rights of all migrants
MEGA TREND = MEGA IMPACTS
Social
USD 681 bn. remittances by 2016
Economic
Migration offsets effects of
ageing societies
Environmental
More become vulnerable to disasters
POLITICALLY SENSITIVE ISSUES
TO MANAGE:
JUSTIFY MIGRATION IN GLOBAL
RECESSION
POST-9/11 SECURITY CONCERNS
PERCEIVED THREATS TO IDENTITY
II. INTEGRATE MIGRATION in post-2015
MIGRATION SUPPORTS DEVELOPMENT
“10.7 facilitate orderly, safe, regular
and responsible migration and mobility
of people, including through
implementation of planned and wellmanaged migration policies.”
Target on migration and mobility in the suggested SDG 10 on “Inequalities”, from
the Outcome Document of Proposal of the Open Working Group, July 2014
HOW MIGRATION IS REFLECTED IN THE OPEN WORKING GROUP OUTCOME DOCUMENT
OWG Chapeau
•
•
Reference to promoting economic growth, social development and environmental protection for the benefit of all, without distinction
of any kind including migration status.
Notes commitment to migration and development through HLD Declaration.
Specific references
Goal and target framework
Goal 4
Education
SCHOLARSHIPS
(STUDENT
MOBILITY)
Goal 8
Employment
& decent
work
Goal 5
Gender
equality
TRAFFICKING
(FOCUS ON
WOMEN AND
GIRLS)
MIGRANT
WORKER RIGHTS
WOMEN
MIGRANTS
Goal 16
Peaceful &
inclusive
societies
Goal 10
Reduce
inequality
PLANNED & WELLMANAGED
MIGRATION
POLICIES
TRAFFICKING
(FOCUS ON
CHILDREN)
Other entry points
MIGRANT
REMITTANCES
Goal 1
Poverty
eradication
Goal 11
Sustainable
cities
Goal 13
Climate
change
RESILIENCE TO
CLIMATE EVENTS
AND ECONOMIC,
SOCIAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL
SHOCKS
REDUCE DEATHS &
ECONOMIC
LOSSES CAUSED
BY DISASTERS
RESILIENCE TO
CLIMATE HAZARDS
AND NATURAL
DISASTERS
DRR PLANS
Goal 17
Global
partnership
DATA
DISAGGREGATION
(INCLUDING BY
MIGRATORY
STATUS) –
RELEVANT TO
HEALTH AND
EDUCATION
Good migration governance
transforms mobility from
vulnerability into resilience
Goal 1- Proverty Reduction: Resilience to
environmental & socio-economic shocks
Goal 11- Sustainable Cities: reduce disaster-caused
deaths and losses
Goal 13 – Climate Change: resilience to climate hazards
& natural disasters
Final P2015 negotiations…
1
Final negotiations between Jan – Sept
2
“Displacement because of crisis” still missing
3
Formulate measurable migration indicators linking
migration, development, disaster risk reduction &
adaptation
II. DIASPORAS
ENABLE DEVELOPMENT
Transnational/diaspora communities:
• Migrants or their descendants
• A shared sense of identity and belonging
• Connected to more than one country
• Important development actors with a variety of
resources
DIASPORAS’ CONTRIBUTIONS
SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE
TRADE AND INVESTMENT
• Human resources
• Multiple networks
• Fill gaps in key sectors
Education/health/Science
• Local knowledge
• Post-crisis
• Not just remittances and
savings
HUMANITARIAN
• Philanthropic
contributions
• Diaspora associations as
NGO actors
• Targeted interventions
Increased interest in diasporas
• Member States:
Over 100 dedicated diaspora ministries or departments
• Global migration governance processes:
HLD, P2015, WHS
• IOM’s contribution
IOM’s Diaspora Ministerial Conference, June 2013
Inclusion of diasporas in IOM Humanitarian Policy
SUPPOTING DIASPORAS:
IOM STRATEGIC APPROACH
ENABLE
ENGAGE
EMPOWER
IOM EXPERTISE IN DIASPORA PROGRAMMING
• RQN - Permanent Return of Qualified Nationals
• TRQN - Temporary return of Qualified Nationals
• MIDA – Great Lakes: education & rural development
• Evolution into multi-faceted models
CONCLUSION
1
Migration in post-2015 UN Development Agenda
should reflect vital role of diaspora
2
IOM’s Migrants and Cities conference and WMR (2015)
3
World Humanitarian Summit (2016) –
should reflect role of diaspora as humanitarian actors