Transcript Document

New Horizon College English Book 4
新视野大学英语4
School of Foreign Studies
外国语学院
Unit 4
王伟
Unit Four Section A
The Telecommunications
Revolution
Warm-up
Watch and Discuss:
1.How much do you know about
telecommunications? Its development? The
devices?
2. What impact does the telecommunications
development have on our life?
Watch and Discuss
1.Tips
digital TV
TV Information superhighway
satellite
telegram
fax
Internet and email
telephone
mobile phone
2.Tips
Advantages:
conveniences in my life;
possible to communicate with others at any
time and any places;
access to endless amount of information;
Side-effects
…
Read fewer books.
Engage in fewer social activities.
Communicate less within the family and feel more lonely and
depressed.
Get lost over the endless amount of information.
Online shopping
video conference
E-learning
blog
Background Information
Information Age
The Information Age is an era of fundamental and
global change in intellectual, philosophical, cultural and
social terms. Today’s Information Age began with the
telegraph. It was the first instrument to transform
information into electrical form and transmit it reliably
over long distances. New techniques of encoding and
distributing digital information are promoting the
progress of the Information Age throughout society.
Information Superhighway
This is a name first used by former US vice-president
Al Gore for the vision of a global, high-speed
communications network that would carry voice, data,
video, and other forms of information all over the world,
and that would make it possible for people to send email, get up-to-the-minute news, and access business,
government and educational information.
The Internet is already providing many of these
features, via telephone networks, cable TV services,
online service providers, and satellites. In the US, the
information superhighway is also known as National
Information Infrastructure. The information
superhighway can be understood to be a highway which
has computer technology and modern
telecommunications technology serving as the base of
the road and fiber-optic cables serving as the surface
of the road. The “vehicles” are the multimedia machines
equipped with computer, television and telephone, and
high speed transmission and exchange of various
multimedia information form the web covering the
whole nation. If the national superhighways all over the
world are linked together, the global information
superhighway will be created.
Contents
• New Words
• Structure and writing device
• Passage Reading
• Summary
• Activity & Assignment
1. boost: v.
a. to increase; raise增加；提高
b. promote vigorously; help or encourage (sb./sth.)促进，改善，激
励
Example
The company boosted its sales this year.
这家公司今年的销售量增加了。
意外的胜利鼓舞了全队的士气。
The unexpected win boosted the
team’s morale.
I. New Words
2. parade:
a.
b.
A line of people, vehicles, etc. moving forward in order, often as a celebration of
some event 游行
A series of people or things that seems never to end 一连串，一系列
Example
The Macy's Thanksgiving
Day Parade has kicked
off in New York.
The parade opened with Snoopy.
As always, Santa Claus made an appearance at the parade.
I. New Words
2. parade:
a.
b.
A line of people, vehicles, etc. moving forward in order, often as a celebration of
some event 游行
A series of people or things that seems never to end 一连串，一系列
Example
A parade of people said that Mr. Davis
had shot a policeman.
一干人声称戴维斯先生枪击了一名警
察。
I. New Words
3. condense: V.
a. make sth. shorter or smaller 缩短；压缩
b. (cause sth. to) change from gas or vapour to a liquid 凝结；冷凝
Example
He managed to condense his letter of
application to one page.
他设法将他的申请信压缩成一页。
蒸气接触到冷的表面就凝结成水。
Steam is condensed into water when it
touches cold surfaces.
I. New Words
4. economic & economical:
a. economic: relating to the economy of a country and economics 经济的
经济学的
b. economical: not costing a lot of money or not wasting money 省钱的，
实惠的，节约的，节俭的
Example
economic bankruptcy
economic circles
an economic crisis
economic sanction
经济破产
经济界
经济危机
经济制裁
This car is economical to run because it
doesn’t use much fuel.
开这辆车省钱，因为它耗油不多。
I. New Words
5. intensive: a.
involving a lot of activity, effort, or careful attention in a short
period of time 密集的；集中的；加强的
Example
labor-intensive
capital-intensive
intensive care
intensive study
劳动密集型的
资金密集型的
重病特别护理
强化学习
6. lick: vt.
a. move one’s tongue over sth. 舔
b. (sl) easily defeat sb. or deal with sth. （俚）击败；克服
Example
小女孩在舔着冰淇淋蛋卷。
The little girl is licking the ice-cream cone.
Manchester United licked Chelsea
in an English Premiership match.
在一场英超联赛中，曼联队
击败了切尔西队。
I. New Words
7.stake:
a. money that sb. invests in a company股份
b. a pointed piece of wood, metal, etc. that is pushed into the grond
to support sth. or mark a particular place桩；柱；棍子
Example
A. Language points
Contents
• New Words
• Structure and writing device
• Passage Reading
• Summary
• Activity & Assignment
Structure Analysis
Introduction + Question + Sample Solutions +
Conclusion
Writing device: Comparisons
Part I (Paras.1~_2 ):
Introduction: the advantages of
telecommunications technologies.
Part II (Para. _3 ):
Question: How fast to develop
telecommunications technologies in
developing countries?
Sample solutions: Six countries or
Part III (Paras. 4_ ~10
_ ): regions are working hard to
realize telecommunications
transformation.
Part IV (Para. 11):
Conclusion: Developing countries
can catch up with Americans and
Western Europeans if they persist.
Contents
• New Words
• Structure and writing device
• Passage Reading
• Summary
• Activity & Assignment
Part I (Para.1-2): Advantages of the telecommunications
revolution for developing countries
A.Language points
B.Questions
Passage Reading
The Telecommunications Revolution
improve
Para. 1a A transformation is occurring that should
greatly boost living standards in the developing world.
Places that until recently were deaf and dumb are rapidly
acquiring up-to-date telecommunications that will let
them promote both internal and foreign investment.
聋哑的 here：referring to places without
telecommunications facilities such as
telephones and thus unable to
communicate with the outside world
Para. 1b It may take a decade for many countries光纤
in Asia,
Latin America, and Eastern Europe to improve transportation,
power supplies, and other utilities. But a single optical fiber
with a diameter
of less than half a millimeter can carry more
数字交换机
information than a large cable made of copper wires. By
installing optical fiber, digital switches, and the latest wireless
transmission systems, a parade of urban centers and industrial
zones from Beijing to Budapest are stepping directly into the
Information Age. A spider’s web of digital and wireless
communication links is already reaching most of Asia and parts
of Eastern Europe.
Para 1 Advantages of the telecommunications revolution
for developing countries
Para. 2
把…视为做…的方法，
All these developing
regions see advanced
途径
有…的可能；
communications
as a way to leap over whole stages of
economic development.
有…希望Widespread access to information
technologies, for example, promises to condense the time
required to change from labor-intensive assembly work to
industries that involve engineering, marketing, and
design. Modern communications “will give countries like
China and Vietnam a huge advantage over countries
stuck with old technology”.
Why are advanced communications
seen as a way to leap over whole
stages of economic development?
1. Widespread／Constant access to sth. promises / tends
to do sth. else. 广泛／经常接触／应用······有望/易
于······
Example
Frequent access to vermilion tends to make one red,
whereas constant access to ink tends to keep one black.
近朱者赤，近墨者黑。
A. Language points
2. give sb. an advantage over : make someone more
likely to succeed than others 使具有优势
Example
她年轻，这是她比其他赛跑者优越的地方。
Her youth gave her an advantage over the other
runner.
A. Language points
3. be stuck with: have sth. you do not want because
you cannot get rid of it 无法摆脱，解脱不了
Example
Shall we be stuck with the chattering old lady until the
end of the holiday?
我们得一直等到假度完了才能摆脱这位
喋喋不休的老太太吗？
A. Language points
Part II (Para.3): How fast to develop
telecommunications technologies in developing
countries?
A.Language points
B.Questions
Passage Reading
推进
Move ahead
Para. 3 How fast these nations should push ahead is a
matter of debate. Many experts think Vietnam is going
极向往的，急
too far by requiring that all mobile phones
be expensive
需要的
Unit1
digital models, when it is desperate for any phones, period.
“These countries lack experience in weighing costs and
choosing between technologies,” says one expert.
权衡
Para 3 Question
1. a matter of sth. : sth. that needs or depends on sth. else
是…的问题
Example
Success in business is simply a matter of knowing when to
take a chance.
商业上的成功就在于把握时机。
他的玩忽职守是品德问题。
His negligence of duties is a matter of morality.
A. Language points
2. go too far: behave in an unacceptable or extreme way走
得太远, 做的过火
Example
I do not mind a joke, but this is
going too far.
我不介意开玩笑，但他做得过头了。
A. Language points
3. period: used at the end of a statement to show that you
believe you have said all there is to say on a subject and you
are not going to discuss it any more.
Example
There will be no more shouting, period!
别再喊叫了，到此为止!
We are all against the proposal, period.
我们都反对这个建议，我说完了。
A. Language points
Part III (Para.4-10): Sample solutions: Six countries or regions
A.Language points
B.Questions
Passage Reading
Para. 4 Still, there’s little dispute that communications
will be a key factor separating the winners from the losers.
Consider Russia. Because of its strong educational system
is littleitdispute/doubt
in mathematicsThere
and science,
should thrivethat:
in the
Information Age. The毋庸争辩，毋庸置疑
problem is its national phone
system is a rusting antique that dates from the l930s. To
lick this problem, Russia is starting to install optical fiber
and has a strategic plan to pump $40 billion into various
communications解决问题
projects. But its economy is stuck in
recession and it barely has the money to even scratch the
surface of the problem.
Para 4 Russia
1. to pump / pour / inject sth. into
:向······投入／注入
Example
教育不是一个向学生头脑中灌输事实的问题，而是一个挖
掘其潜能的问题。
Education is not a matter of
pumping facts into students’ minds,
but a matter of working out their
potentials.
A. Language points
2. be stuck in : be in an unpleasant situation and unable to
change it or get away from it 陷入 ，困住
Example
这辆公交车陷在了泥里。
The bus is stuck in the mud.
He was stuck awkwardly in the middle.
他处于进退两难的尴尬境地。
A. Language points
3. scratch the surface: deal with only the simple or obvious
parts of sth. 仅触及表面；浅尝辄止
Example
The famine is so bad and aid can only
scratch the surface.
饥荒十分严重，援助也只是杯水车薪。
scratch the surface of the problem
仅触及问题表面
A. Language points
Para. 5 Compare that with the mainland of China. Over
the next decade, it plans to pour some $100 billion into
telecommunications equipment. In a way, China’s
backwardness is an advantage, because the expansion
pump / pour /inject
occurs just as new technologies are becoming cheaper
:
than coppersth.into
wire to
systems.
By
the
end
of
1995,
each
of
a certain extent; partly
China’s provincial capitals except for Lhasa will have
digital switches and high-capacity optical fiber links. This
means that major cities are getting the basic
infrastructure to become major parts of the information
superhighway, allowing people to log on to the most
advanced services available.
Para 5 Mainland China
1. log on to:
to get access to (Internet) 登陆，进入（系统）
Example
任何人都可以登录这台计算机。
Anyone can log on to this computer.
A. Language points
Para. 6 Telecommunications is also a key to Shanghai’s
dream of becoming a top financial center. To offer peak
performance in providing the electronic data and
paperless trading global investors expect, Shanghai plans
telecommunications networks as powerful best
as those in
Manhattan.
Para 6 Shanghai
Para. 7a Meanwhile, Hungary also hopes to jump into the
modern world. Currently, 700,000 Hungarians are waiting
for phones. To partially overcome the problem of funds
and to speed the import of Western technology, Hungary
sold a 30% stake in its national phone company to two
Western companies.
What has Hungary done to quicken
its steps into the modern world?
Para 7 Hungary
Para. 7b To further reduce the waiting list for phones,
Hungary has leased rights to a Dutch-Scandinavian group
of companies to build and operate what it says will be one
of the most advanced
digital mobile phone systems in the
租借，出租
world. In fact, wireless is one of the most popular ways to
get a phone system up fast in developing countries. It’s
cheaper to build radio towers than to string lines across
mountain ridges, and businesses eager for reliable service
are willing to accept a significantly higher price tag for a
wireless call—the
is typically
fourpopular
times as much
Why isfee
wireless
one oftwo
theto
most
as for calls made
over
ways
to fixed
boostlines.
a phone system in
developing countries?
Para 7 Hungary
1. … times as … as … : 是……的……倍
Example
•这本书是那本书篇幅的三倍。
This book is three
times as long as the
length of that one.
Para. 8 Wireless demand and usage have also exploded
across the entire width and breadth of Latin America. For
wireless phone service providers, nowhere is business
better than in Latin America—having an operation there is
like having an endless pile of money at your disposal.
BellSouth Corporation, with operations in four wireless
markets, estimates its annual revenue per average
customer at about $2,000 as compared to $860 in the
United States. That’s partly because Latin American
customers talk two to four times as long on the phone as
people in North America.
Para 8 Latin American countries
1. the width and length of sth. / the length and breadth of
sth.：the entire extent of something······的全部:
Example
The heroes traveled the length
and breadth of the land,
righting wrongs and helping
people in need.
英雄闯遍天下，铲除不平，救助危难。
A. Language points
2. at one’s disposal: available for one to use as one wishes供
任意使用，可自行支配
Example
•Students have a well-stocked library at their disposal.
学生有个藏书丰富的图书馆，非常方便。
A. Language points
use sth.
Para. 9 Thailand is also turning
to wireless, as a way to
allow Thais to make better use of all the time they spend
stuck in traffic. And it isn’t that easy to call or fax from the
office: The waiting list for phone lines has from one to two
million names on it. So mobile phones have become the
rage among businesspeople who can remain in contact
despite the traffic jams.
流行，时尚，风靡一时
的事物
Para 9 Thailand
1. become/be (all) the fashion/rage: be the latest style/trend
流行起来，成为时尚
Example
•牛仔裤在青少年中间很流行 。
Jeans are all the rage among teenagers.
A. Language points
Para. 10 Vietnam is making one of the boldest leaps.
Despite a per person income of just $220 a year, all of the
300,000 lines Vietnam plans to add annually will be optical
fiber with digital switching, rather than cheaper systems
that send electrons over copper wires. By going for nextgeneration technology now, Vietnamese
telecommunications officials say they’ll be able to keep
pace with anyone in Asia for decades.
Para 10 Vietnam
go for sth.: a. choose sth. 选择某事物
b. attempt to have or achieve sth.想要取得或成就某事
Example
I think I’ll go for the fruit salad.
She’s going for the world record in the high jump.
我想我还是要水果色拉吧。
她想要创造跳高世界纪录。
keep pace with: move, increase, change, etc. at the same
speed as someone or something else 与…并驾齐驱，齐头并
进，跟上
Example
Have earnings kept pace with rising prices?
A. Language points
Para. 11 For countries that have lagged behind for so long,
the temptation to move ahead in one jump is hard to resist.
And despite the mistakes
they’ll make, they’ll persist—so
落后，滞后
that one day they can cruise alongside Americans and
Western Europeans on the information superhighway.
Para 11 Conclusion: Developing countries can catch up
with Americans and Western Europeans if they persist.
Contents
• New Words
• Structure and writing device
• Passage Reading
• Summary
• Activity & Assignment
Summary of expressions(1)
提高生活水平
to boost living standards
促进国内投资
to promote internal investment
最新无线传输系统
the latest wireless transmission system
一系列
a parade of
走得太远
to go too far
急需
to be desperate for
缺某方面经验
to lack experience in sth.
估算成本
to weigh costs
选择技术
to choose between technologies
区分输赢的因素
factors separating winners from losers
Summary of expressions(2)
在信息时代繁荣
to thrive in the Information Age
解决资金问题
to lick the problem of funds
大容量光纤
high-capacity optical fiber
基础设施
basic infrastructure
信息高速公路
information superhighway
提供优质服务
to offer peak performance
花高价买某物
to accept higher price tag for sth.
由自己支配
at one’s disposal
与某人保持联系
to remain in contact with sb.
迈出大胆的一步
to make a bold leap
Summary of expressions(3)
摆脱不了／陷入:
推进某事:
······的问题:
使用／利用:
选择；想要取得
to be stuck with / in
to push ahead with sth.
a matter of
to make use of
to go for
Contents
• New Words
• Structure and writing device
• Passage Reading
• Summary
• Activity & Assignment
Activity: Appreciation
What can we do with Internet in the future?
Future Internet
Assignment
Write a passage of comparison
with no less than 120 words.
Topic:
TV: a Blessing or a Curse
Thanks for your attention