Transcript World Studies-notes

World Studies
Notes
People and Regions of the
Eastern Hemisphere
Mr. Nichols
This year we will be studying the People and Regions of the Eastern
Hemisphere.
We will study 4 Ancient Civilizations & the 4 types of governments, 5
religions, and economics of the Modern Eastern Hemisphere.
We will discover that the past still influences the world today! We are
not that different from those in the past except we have better Technology! We
have always looked at others accomplishments and said “we can do that, and we
can do it better!”
We have gotten ideas from others and improved on those ideas
We have had to INVENT on our own
It is best when we are able to share good ideas with others!
We will look at the Eastern Hemisphere through 4 Areas:
History, Geography, Government, Economics$
History
•History is an account of the past.
•Individual and Group Choices have present and
future consequences.
•When cultures meet-they are never the same.
•The PAST influences life today!
(government, religion, social order, economics,
technology, agricultural practices and products)
*(How has the past affected the present
and future?)*
Geography
•Where people live influences how they live.
•People have had to ADAPT to their environment.
•People can change the environment-the environment
can change people.
•What factors encouraged people to stay or leave an
environment? (Push / Pull)
How have places changed over time?
Why have places changes over time?
Government
•Government is and organized system of leadership and
laws.
•Peoples freedoms and rights are related to their
government.
•There are 4 types of government:
Democracy, dictatorship, monarchy, and theocracy.
•People have different rights and responsibilities in each
government. (includes limited, little, or NO Rights)
•
All governments provide stability
and services.
Economics $
•People are consumers when they choose to buy goods or
services.
•Choices have present and future consequences.
•Regional resources lead to specialization. Use what is
available to you! (materials and labor)
•Trade has always been an important economy. Trade
has also carried ideas, beliefs and information!
• Needs and trade have made the world interdependent.
• Import-Needs & Export-Goods.
Essential Questions
What should we make? (Produce)
Who is it for? (Consumers)
Why can’t people have what they want?
Geography Shapes Life!
•Humans MUST ADAPT to their environment!
•WHERE you live determines HOW you live!
•Humans MUST use the RESOURCES available in their environment.
•Humans can change their environment and the environment can change people.
•Changing the environment has CONSEQUENCES (Mesopotamia and Dust Bowl in
United States)
Human Activities and life can alter the environmentthat change can be BAD!
Mother Nature will always win. There is NO Planet B!
World Geography
 Helps us understand our world, our history,
and the people.
 Physical geography-landforms
 Political geography-boundaries
 Hemispheres-Half of the earth
 North / South divided by latitude – Equator
 East / West divided by longitude – Prime
Meridian
 Geography SHAPES life-where you live
determines HOW you live!
 5 Themes of Geography (Mr. Lip)
 Movement-people, goods, and ideas
move(migration, trade)
 Region-describes an area-mountain, desert
region, Middle East, New England, by geography
or culture.
 Location-Where a place is. Latitude and
Longitude give exact location!
 Interaction-People change the environment and
the environment changes people (Adapt)
 Place-describes what is in an area-people,
landforms, urban/rural, climate etc.
Early Humans
Nomadic
Migrated-Animals & Climate.
Migrated to every continent!
Adapted to many different
environments. (Desert, Woodlands)
• Used the resources of the area.
• Were known as Hunters &
Gatherers.
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Human Discovery that changes
human life and the world!
• Agriculture!
• Farming-plants & Animals
• Stay in one placepermanent settlements
• More food=more peoplemore jobs.
• Villages-Towns-Cities
• Advanced Civilizations
Humans settled by water-River Valleys
• Rivers
• Fertile Soil (floods)
• Good Climate
• People learned to irrigate their lands and to farm
better. New techniques and technology (plow).
• More food=more people
• Less people needed to farm=NEW JOBS!
• People organized and cities began to develop.
• Government began-Monarchy-Kings
• This lead to the development of Advanced
Civilizations.
Advanced Civilizations-8 features:
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Government
Cities
Religion
Written Language
Job Specialization
Social Order
Public Works
Art & Architecture (groups own style)
• Electricity-NOT needed!
• People have always tried to make their life
easier, better, more efficient! Technology!
Mesopotamia-Worlds FIRST true
Civilization! They had No one to show
them how to do things!
Geography-LAND
• Mesopotamia-”land between the Rivers”
• By Rivers-Euphrates & Tigris
• Rivers flood-fertile soil
• Irrigation canals to water farmlands
• “Fertile Crescent”
• Middle East Region-Modern Iraq
• Desert Region-the people used up
the resources
Mesopotamia
Government-Leadership and Laws
• City-States-same people, culture, language-different Kings
• Monarchy-Rule by King
• Empire-many city-states under ONE ruler
• Developed an Advanced Civilization(8)
History-Culture & Influences
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Culture-A groups way of life.
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Farmed-around rivers
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Advanced Civilization(8)
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Religion-many gods-polytheism
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Social classes
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Job specialization
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Education-wealthy (boys)
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First written language-Cuneiform
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Ziggurat-first large building project
Economics$
• TRADE-traded resources and surplus
• Trade routes to other city-states or civilizations-traveled in
large groups
• Import-Needs-resources
• Export-Surplus and Goods
• Ideas, beliefs, and information were also “traded”
Land of Many “Firsts”!
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Large scale farming-large population
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Cities & buildings-Ziggurat
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Government-Monarchy
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Religion-Polytheism
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Laws and written laws(Hammurabi)
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Cuneiform-written language
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Empire-large area under one ruler
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Sumer-First Civilization (South)
Draw the Mesopotamian Social Order
Achievements & Future Influences-ideas to
make better in the future!
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Large Scale Farming techniques
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Monarchy-power came from the gods
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Invented the first Wheel
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First written language-Cuneiform- scribes kept
records
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First written laws-Hammurabi
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Architecture-large building's-Ziggurat
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Trade-makes you wealthy and powerful.
The Wonderful World of Ancient
Egypt
What do you know about Ancient Egypt? Think -3 things.