Transcript Explanation of ENUM (RFC 2916)

ENUM: history and current
status and future
Explanation of ENUM (RFC 2916)
Patrik Fältström
<[email protected]>
Corporate Consulting Engineer, Cisco
Area Director, Applications Area, IETF
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
How many addresses do you have
on your buissness card?
Patrik Fältström
Consulting Engineer
Office of the CTO
170 W Tasman Drive
San José, CA 95134
USA
Direct:
+1-426-525-8509
Fax:
+1-408-526-8766
Mobile: +46-70-6059051
Email: [email protected]
URL: http://www.cisco.com
Patrik Fältström
Patrik Fältström
Founder / Owner
Firma PAF
Ledåsa
273 71 Lövestad
Sweden
Email: [email protected]
URL: http://paf.se
Patrik Fältström
Ledåsa
273 71 Lövestad
Sweden
Email: [email protected]
URL: http://alexandria.paf.se
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
Patrik Fältström
Consulting Engineer
Office of the CTO
Årstaängsvägen 31J
117 43 Stockholm
Sweden
Phone:
+46-8-6859000
Direct:
+46-8-6859131
Fax:
+46-8-190424
Mobile: +46-70-6059051
Email: [email protected]
URL: http://www.cisco.com
Patrik Fältström
Area Director, Applications Area
IETF
Email: [email protected]
URL: http://www.ietf.org
July 22, 2002, Seoul
2
Today, many addresses
tel:+46-8-971234
mailto:[email protected]
tel:+46-706051234
sip:[email protected]
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
3
Today
• Convergence
• Telecom in Turmoil
• The IP and PSTN
worlds are about to
collide
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
4
Where are we?
• There are substantial
indicators that the
market for IP
Telephony is turning
– Enterprise driven
– 40% CAGR
– IP-PBX sales are
gaining steam …..
– IP-Centrex has the
attention of service
providers
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
5
Buissnes case for VoIP
• Enterprise want to leverage
investment in IP networks
• Cost Reduction
– Toll Bypass
• Still the #1 argument
• Toll Charges $960.00 per line per
year
– Simplified Add Modify and Delete
of Users
– Single Wiring Harness
• Rapid Service Creation
– Applications created at the Edge
using standard tools – XML
– Time to market
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
6
VoIP Issues?
• Protocol Wars are over …. SIP wins!
– Every Copy of XP is SIP enabled
– Enterprise .NET server will be a SIP proxy
– Every major Enterprise Phone Vendor supports SIP
• SIP Unifies Real-time Communications
– Voice
– Text [ Instant Messaging ]
– Video
• Quality of Service Issues now well
understood
– 802.1p Ethernet Priority Bit
– Remove Hubs – Convert to 10/100 switches
– Overprovision IP transport
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
7
With ENUM, only one
tel:+46-8-971234
ENUM
mailto:[email protected]
tel:+46-706051234
sip:[email protected]
Give this number to friends:
+46-8-971234
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
8
ENUM in a nutshell
• take phone number
• turn into
domain name
+46-8-6859131
1.3.1.9.5.8.6.8.6.4.e164.arpa.
• ask the DNS
• return list of URI’s
Patrik Fältström
mailto:[email protected]
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
sip:[email protected]
July 22, 2002, Seoul
9
ENUM use in more detail
DNS-Server
Query
1.3.1.9.5.8.6.8.6.4.e164.arpa.?
Response
sip:[email protected]
“Call setup”
Dial
+4686859131
Sip
sip:[email protected]
Gateway
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
Sip server
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Example
DNS-Server
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
11
VoIP via SIP to VoIP
DNS-Server
“ENUM”
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
12
PSTN via SIP to VoIP
“ENUM”
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
DNS-Server
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Step 1
• Take an E.164 number and create a
fully qualified domain name in a
single highly defined and structured
domain
The input to the
• +46-8-971234
NAPTR algorithm
• +468971234
• 4.3.2.1.7.9.8.6.4.e164.arpa.
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Step 1, Explanation
• Each digit can become a definable and
distributed “zone” in DNS terms
• Delegation can (doesn’t have to) happen at
every digit, including at last digit
• Zones such as country codes, area codes or
primary delegated blocks of numbers can be
delegated as well as individual numbers
• DNS defines authoritative name servers for
NAPTR/service resource records
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Step 2
• Lookup NAPTR RR’s in DNS, and apply
NAPTR/ENUM algorithm
4.3.2.1.7.9.8.6.4.e164.arpa.
!^.*$!mailto:[email protected]!
!^+46(.*)$!ldap://ldap.telco.se/cn=0\1!
• Use rewrite rules using regular
expressions which operate on the E.164
number (+468971234)
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Regular Expressions
• For ENUM, the NAPTR regexp field may
yield an (unchanged) URL
• !<regexp>!<string>!
– “Match <regexp> on original E.164, and
apply rewrite rule <string>”
^ - Match beginning
$ - Match end
. - Match any character
.* - Match any number of any character
() - Grouping, \n in <string> is replaced
with group number ‘n’ in <regexp>
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Step 2 in detail
• $ORIGIN 4.3.2.1.7.9.8.6.4.e164.arpa.
• IN NAPTR 10 10 ”U” ”mailto+E2U”
”!^.*$!mailto:[email protected]!”
• IN NAPTR 20 10 ”U” ”ldap+E2U”
”!^+46(.*)$!ldap://ldap.telco.se/cn=0\1”
• Note that no line break should be in the records
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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How is this used?
PSTN
Telco
ISP
IP
ENUM
Internet
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Convergence...
PSTN
Telco
ISP
IP
ENUM
ASP
Internet
ISP
ASP≠ISP
Who pays how much to who for what?
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Payment for IP
PSTN
Telco
ISP
IP
ASP
ISP
Internet
Money moves
towards the center
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Payment for Service
PSTN
Telco
ISP
IP
ASP
ISP
Internet
Money doesn’t route
well over the Internet
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Payments
• PSTN
– Fixed fee
– Termination fee (per minute charge) that follows the
call
• Email
– Payment for IP
– Payment for both incoming and outgoing
• VoIP
– Payment for IP
– Payment for both incoming and outgoing
• No termination fees for VoIP!
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Avoid Tromboning
PSTN
ISP
Internet
ISP
If there is no termination fee for VoIP,
originator want to know where final destination is
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Voice Extranet
• Phone numbers only routable
over PSTN network
• Enterprise Dialing plans
cannot be accessed by
Trading Partners
• Connect “Friends and Family”
Customers and Suppliers to
Single Dialing plan E.164
ENUM
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Voice Intranet
• Enterprises want to use
unite global dialing plans
across existing VPN and
Intranet Links
• ENUM unites them
through common
administration and
access plan
ENUM
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Status (done)
• RFC 2916 published in September 2000
• The domain e164.arpa delegated to RIPE
NCC
– RIPE NCC appointed by the IAB according to RFC
2916
• ITU SG2/WP1/2 liaison statement:
– Member state can inform ITU on entry of numbers
in DNS
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Status (done)
• ENUM Nation-State Application Process Ratified in
May 2002
• In short:
– Requests sent to RIPE NCC
– RIPE NCC announces the request
• On public mailing list
• On web page (http://www.ripe.net/enum/)
• To TSB via electronic mail
– Waiting period 60 days
– If no issues
• Do delegation according to request
– If there are issues
• Send case to TSB for further investigation
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Status July 1, 2002
• RFC 2916 published in September 2000
– New version draft-ietf-enum-rfc2916bis
• Delegations from e164.arpa
–
–
–
–
–
44 (UK)
43 (Austria)
49 (Germany)
87810 (Telekom Austria)
991001 (Neustar)
• Information at RIPE
– http://www.ripe.net/enum/
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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National Level
• France issues request for comments from French
Telecom Industry
• Swedish regulator PTS issues ENUM roadmap and
begins planning for Trials
• Swiss regulator OFFCOM Beginning Industry
consultations.
• ETSI – Report on “Management of ENUM in
Europe”
• European Commission monitoring ongoing
activities
• Japan, USA and others:
– Created Industry Forum
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Conclusion
• Why ENUM?
– Given E.164 number, what is the SIP URI?
– Given E.164 number, what is email address?
• What is ENUM not?
– Routing mechanism
• Still within scope of each protocol, i.e. ENUM is not a
competitor with SIP
• Why is ENUM important?
– Convergence will happen
– Now is the time to talk in a country on how to
handle convergence in the larger picture
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul
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Patrik Fältström
[email protected]
Patrik Fältström
. Naming and Name Space Workshop.
July 22, 2002, Seoul