Transcript Chapter 2: Utah’s Geology

Chapter 2: Utah’s Geology
The Ice Age
This is a no gum class.
Please dispose of it properly!
Bell Activity
Read page 36-37, answer the questions on
the back of the tan paper, also answer
questions 19-24 on your study guide.
If you finish these questions early, work on
the rest of your study guide. It is homework
unless you find time during school to get it
done!!
Where should your backpack be?
Today we will be learning
about…
 Social Studies Objective –
We will be able to explain
what the environment of
Utah was like during the Ice
Age and how that time
period affects us today.
 Language Objective –
We will listen to the
presentation and use
the information we
gather to write an essay
outline.
 Behavior Objective – Courtesy & Respect: Your
behavior does not cause a problem for others or for
yourself.
Posters
As long as your
poster has all the
information it should,
you can design it
how you want.
For those of us who
like a little guidance,
here is what your first
poster might look
like…
We will watch a short video
about the era, then read a
short description of it, and
finally, talk about what
happened in Utah at this time.
Cenozoic
Era
Cenozoic Part 2
Percentage of Time:
Deep time demonstration
Let’s see how much of Earth’s geologic history was taken
up by this era.
If we converted the whole history of the earth into a timeline
5 feet long, how much of line would the Cenozoic Era take
up. (Math!!! 60 inches x 17.5% = _______ inches)
Hadean 17.5%
Archaen 28.5%
Proterozoic 42%
Paleozoic 7%
Mesozoic 4%
Cenozoic 1%
Let’s work
Read with your
Most
5 cool events
group about the era
important
or facts written
in your folders.
in complete
sentences Choose the five
most important
picture
events of the era.
Choose the event
you think was the
most important and
3+ cool living
What is
explain why it was.
organisms
happening in
Then fill out the
and a picture
Utah?
section about cool
Of them
organisms of the era.
Utah is an environment
that has been shaped
by many natural forces.
The Ice Age
The last major event that shaped
the world, and Utah, occurred
10,000-20,000 years ago.
At this time the world was
engulfed in an ice age.
Ice Age
Quaternary
Ice Ages
Throughout
Geologic Time
Figure modified after C.R.
Scotese
PALEOMAP Project
(www.scotese.com)
Ice Age
Ice Age
Ice Age
Average Global Temperature (0C)
22° 17° 12°
Glacier Maximum
Over thousands
of years the ice
grew, covering
much of present
day North
America.
Then about
18,000 years
ago, the massive
glaciers began
to recede.
The Ice Age
in Utah
Although the ice
sheets did not
cover Utah, there is
evidence of the ice
age all across the
state.
Glaciers were
prevalent in the
mountains.
When they
receded they left
basins filled with
water.
These basins are an
important source of
water and
recreation in the
state.
Tony Grove
At Tony Grove
in Logan
Canyon, there
is evidence
everywhere of
a glacier
being present
and shaping
the land.
Glacial Erratics
Voyageurs National
Park, Minnesota
Denali National
Park, Alaska
Person
Glacial Polish and Grooves
Grooves and polish
on bedrock
Glacier National Park,
Montana
Striations
Erratics & Scouring
Boulders are
scattered
around the land
leading to the
lake.
The rocks around
the lake have
deep scrapes
from heavy ice
and boulders
rubbing the
surface.
Holgate Glacier, Alaska
Lake in a U-valley
 The valley the
lake is in is called
a cirque.
 The rock
amphitheatre
around the lake
was carved by
the thick snow
and ice.
 Other lakes in
the area were
formed in the
same way.
Wellsville Mountains
Glacial
Cirque
You can also
see evidence of
glaciers in the
mountains that
surround Cache
Valley.
The benches
are also
evidence of an
ice age.
Lake Bonneville
and Ice
Coverage in Utah
During the Late
Pleistocene
~18,000 years ago
Lake
Bonneville
Uinta
Mountains
Wasatch
Range
The Rise
and Fall of
Lake
Bonneville
Provo Level
17,000 years ago
Great Salt
Lake today
Bonneville Level
18,000 years ago
Stansbury Level
24,000 years ago
Hydrograph
of Lake
Bonneville
Gilbert Level
12,000 years ago
Red
Rock
Pass
ID
Great Salt Lake
Today
NV UT
Ogden
Salt Lake
Provo
Nephi
Delta
Bonneville Salt Flats
Bonneville
Shoreline
Provo
Shoreline
Salt
Bonneville
Shoreline
Red
Rock
Pass
ID
NV UT
~18,000 years ago
Ogden
Point of the
Mountain
Salt Lake
Provo
Nephi
Delta
Shorelines
of Lake
Bonneville
at Antelope
Island
Bonneville
Provo
Unnamed shoreline
Stansbury
Gilbert
Unnamed shoreline
Bonneville
Shoreline at
Point of the
Mountain
Paragliders
Kiawah Island,
South Carolina
Modern
Barrier Bar
and Spit
Lake
Bonneville
Barrier Bar
and Spit
Stockton Bar, Utah
Lake Bonneville
Deep-Water Sediments
Sediment
layers from
Lake
Bonneville
Bonneville Cutthroat Trout
Today are isolated in
streams that once
drained into Lake
Bonneville.
Known Distribution
The Lake
Bonneville
flood
At Red Rock pass
in Idaho, the
waters of Lake
Bonneville broke
through a barrier of
land and the
resulting flood
carved much of
the Snake River
valley.
Over the course of
several weeks, the
lake drained to the
Provo level.
Shorelines
of Lake
Bonneville
at Antelope
Island
Bonneville
Provo
Unnamed shoreline
Stansbury
Gilbert
Unnamed shoreline
Life in Utah at the end of the Ice Age
Utah’s Giant Ice Age Birds
Teratornis-
“giant
condor”
Teratornis
skeleton
Endangered
California Condor
Teratornis skull
Ice Age Elephants
Mammoth
Mastodon
Detail from Joseph S. Venus
mural, College of Eastern
Utah (CEU) Prehistoric
Museum, Price, Utah
The Huntington Mammoth
(Mammathus columbi)
skeleton at the CEU
Prehistoric Museum
Mammoth & Elephants vs. Mastodons
Elephants and mammoths have
high skulls, while mastodons have
low skulls.
Elephants and mammoths have low,
highly enfolded teeth for grazing,
while mastodons have high crested
teeth for browsing leaves.
Columbian Mammoth (M.
columbi)
American Mastodon
(Mammut americanum)
Elephants and mammoths are tall, while
mastodons are shorter with more
massive bodies.
Saber-toothed Cat
Smilodon
fatalis
Skeletal reconstruction and detail
from
Joseph S. Venus mural, CEU
Prehistoric
Museum, Price, Utah
Giant Ground Sloth
Skeletal
reconstruction and
detail from Joseph S.
Venus mural, CEU
Prehistoric Museum,
Price, Utah
Other Extinct Ice Age Mammals
Extinct Musk
Ox
Camels, together with native
horses, went extinct in North
America at the end of the Ice
Age
Extinct
LongHorned
Bison
Ice Age Land Bridges and
Mammal Migrations
American Lion
Ice Age
Animal – Size
Comparisons
Sabertooth Cat
Mammoth
These and other animals went
extinct at the end of the ice age.
Giant Armadillo
 Many people have tried to explain
why, but (just like with the dinosaurs)
there are many theories that are
plausible.
 One of them involves new comers on
to the scene in Utah…humans.
Let’s work
Check your work
for
completeness
and accuracy.
Essay practice: Let’s use what we
have just learned to create an essay
outline.
How do natural forces shape our environment?
Main Idea
Utah has been and is shaped in many ways by different natural forces.
(W hat are some of the things we have talked about that have changed Utah's environment?)
Plate movement
(Examples?)
?
?
Water
(Examples?)
?
?
Wind
(Examples?)
?
?
Then close your paragraph by restating your main idea.
Truly, Utah's landscape has been shaped by many natural forces.
Now try it for yourself.
The Ice Age in Utah
How did the Ice Age shape Utah's landscape?
(Give three exampls of these changes.)
Example 1
Example 2
Conclusion
(Restate the main idea)
Example 3
This is a no gum class.
Please dispose of it properly!
Bell Activity
Read page 35 and answer questions 16-19
on your study guide.
If you finish these questions early, work on
the rest of your study guide. It is homework
unless you find time during school to get it
done!!
Where should your backpack be?