Transcript Document

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MODULE 7
Unit 4
Reading
Independent State of Papua New Guinea
巴布亚新几内亚独立国
巴布亚在马来语中意为“卷发人”。
16世纪中叶，葡萄牙人来到该岛时，见当地
居民和自然景观很像非洲的几内亚，故称之
为新几内亚.
巴布亚新几内亚国旗和国徽(极乐鸟 )
• 首 都 :莫尔兹比港 Port Moresby
• 面 积 :46.2万平方公里
• 人 口: 430万人 语 言 :英语
• 民 族 :美拉尼西亚族
• 宗 教 :基督教新教、拜物教
• 货 币 :基那
国庆节: 9月16日
• 时 差 :比北京时间早2小时
• 气 候 :热带雨林气候
Pre-reading
Look at the photos and answer
the questions.
1. What was Jo’s job in PNG?
Jo was a teacher in PNG.
2. What kind of students were in her
class?
Boys who were as young as we are.
3. What were the classrooms like?
The classrooms are very poor, made
from bamboo and grass.
4. What can you say about the village?
The village was a place full of natural
beauties. There are more trees and
bamboos.
5. What can you say about life in the
village?
People in the village lived a simple life.
New words and expressions
1. relevant adj. 有关的
2. adjust v. 整理,调整,适应
3. doorway n. 门口
4. platform n. 平台;讲台
5. grill n. 烤架;大平底锅
6. leftover n. 剩余物;剩饭
7. privilege n. 特权,优惠
8. include v. 包含,包括
include和contain
include和contain均有“包含,包括”
之意。但是include表示所包含之物
中的一部分;contain 指所包含之物中
的全部或部分,也可表示某一物质中
含有什么成分。
9. prepare vt. 准备
Reading
Scanning and try to divide it into four
parts, and summarize what each part
is about.
Part 1(Paragraph 1) : Opening of
the letter and introduction to what
will be talked about in the passage.
Part 2(Paragraph 2-3): The school
where Jo worked and Jo’s work at
school.
Part 3 (Paragraph 4-7): Jo and Jenny
visited Tombe’s home in the village.
Part 4 (Paragraph 8): Closing of the
letter.
Reading carefully
Read the passage carefully to
complete the tables below!
Table 1 (about the school)
Conditions Our school The school
described in
the letter
Classrooms Equipped Not equipped
(Equipped
or not)
Students’
future
Go to college Return to
or work
the villages
Electricity and Yes
water (Y/N)
No
Textbook (Y/N) Yes
No
Chemistry
experiments
(Many/few)
Many
Few
Table 2 (about the life in the village)
Types of
Made from bamboo
houses
and the roofs from
grass
Family
Everyone seemed to
relationships be a relative of each
other
Cooking Heat stones first, and
methods then put them in an
empty oil drum with kau
kau, corn and greens.
Cover them with banana
leaves and leave them to
steam.
Sleeping
Newly made
arrangements
platform for visitors
in the father’s room;
the mother usually
sleep in her own hut
Diet
Kau kau, corn and greens
Possessions
A few tin plates and cups
and a couple of pots
Agriculture Digging up peanuts with
primitive tools; grow kau
kau, corn and greens
Beliefs They believe there are evil
spirits that are usually
attracted by leftover food
Post-reading
Guess the reasons for the facts
according to the reading passage.
facts
reason
1. The boys
jumped out
of the
windows in
the science
lesson.
In the science lesson the boys
were frightened by what they
saw --- the mixture was
bubbling over everywhere,
thinking that something
terrible had happened, so they
jumped out of the windows to
escape from danger.
facts
reason
2. Jo
Because most of the boys will
wondered go back to their village after
how
studying in the school, and
relevant
their knowledge of chemistry
chemistry will prove useless, so Jo
was to
wondered how relevant
the boys.
chemistry was to the boys.
facts
3. Tombe’s
mother
cried “ieee
ieee” when
he say Jo.
reason
I think it’s a kind of
greeting in their village.
And I’m sure all the
family members will be
happy and excited to have
visitors like Jenny and Jo.
facts
reason
4. There
were no
windows
in
Mukap’s
hut.
There were no windows in
Mukap’s hut. Perhaps in this way
can prevent flies, mosquitoes and
other insects from coming in. Of
course, if there were glass, they
could both have a big window,
and at the same time, they can
keep all the insects from entering.
facts
reason
5. The tin
The tin can was standing
can was
upside down on the grill
standing
in order to get the
upside
leftover dry up quickly.
down on
the grill.
facts
reason
6. Jo felt it was a First it was such a long
privilege to have distance from the school to
spent a day with
Tombe’s home. Second, the
Tombe’s family.
family members and the
Check the
answers one by villagers showed great
one. (Help the hospitality to them, which
students if
impressed
them
very
deeply.
possible)
facts reason
Third, they got the chance to
know the villagers’ simple life.
Therefore, they were determined
to go on with volunteer work to
help the boys get enough
education.
Discussion
Now we have two topics to discuss:
1. Why do you think Jo become a
volunteer in PNG? Give as many
possible reasons as you can.
2. Would like to work as a volunteer in
a poor area? Give reasons.
A sample of the discussions:
A: I think, first of all, Jo was a kindhearted woman, who is willing to
help others. Second, she knew
enough about the poor conditions
in PNG and thought that she
could help teach in the schools. If
I am given the chance, I will do
whatever I can to help.
B: In my opinion, Jo must have
worked as a teacher in Australia,
and she applied to become a
volunteer abroad, and then she
was sent to PNG as a volunteer.
C: Maybe she thinks that education is
the key to solving all the problems
in PNG, so she, as a teacher, goes
to PNG to help.
D: Perhaps she likes traveling abroad,
helping the poor wherever she
goes.
E: I don’t agree with you. You know,
she stayed there for two years. A
traveler once did that. She was
willing to help the poor children in
PNG to be educated. She was
doing her bit to change the poor’s
state of living and education. If
do you bit 干分内的事
everyone in the rich countries should
do like her, all the problems
stemming from poverty could be
solved easily.
F: I would like to say something about
the second topic. I think I will be a
volunteer in a poor area. Whenever I
saw the poor living state of the poor
in the western areas and
mountainous areas, I was eager to do
something for them. All are created
equal. But they can’t get what we can
enjoy. What a pity! If possible, I will
try to help.
Language points
1. I know you’re dying to hear all
about my life here. I’ve included
some photos which will help you
picture the places I talk about.
我知道你极想听到我在这儿的生活,
我这儿有一些照片,它们会帮你构思
出我要谈到的这个地方。
1) be dying for/ to do sth.
渴望, 极想, 渴望做某事
I’m dying for a piece of cake.
I am dying to know where you are
from.
2) 辨析: hear 与 listen to
hear
强调听的结果
listen to 强调听的动作
在某些感官动词如: see, hear, feel,
watch, observe, notice, listen to等后,
既可接现在分词作宾语,也可接不带
to的不定式作宾补。
Did you hear someone laughing
outside?
I heard someone read loudly in the
morning.
He was heard to sing in the next
room.
与hear 相关的短语:
hear about 听到关于......的消息
hear from 收到……的来信
hear of
听说, 听到
hear sb. out 听到某人把话说完
hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事
hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事
The missing boys were last seen ___
near the river.
A. playing
A
C. play
B. to be playing
D. to play
2. Well, it’s a bush school—the
classroom are made from bamboo
and the roofs from grass.
是的, 这是一所灌木丛学校---教室
是由竹子建成的, 房顶是用草盖的。
make的用法：
1) be made from 由......制成 (看不出原
材料)
The paper is made from wood.
2) be made of 由......制成(看出原材料)
The house is made of stone.
Remember them!
3) be made into
某种原材料制制成某种成品
Glasses is made into bottles.
4) be made in 在某地制造, in后面接
表示地点的名词
This TV set is made in Shanghai.
5) be made by 由谁制造
The machine is made by workers in
the factory.
6) be made up of 由......组成
The class is made of 30 boys and 30
girls.
3. I’m still trying to adapt to these
conditions but, one thing is for sure,
I’ve become a lot more imaginative
in my teaching.
我现在仍然努力去适应这些状况,但
是有一件事是确定的, 我的教学方面
已变得更富有想象力了。
1)
try to do sth. 尽力去做某事
try doing sth. 试着做某事
英语中有些动词后加动名词和不定式
作宾语时, 意义区别较大。
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事
remember to do sth. 记得去做某事
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
mean to do sth. 打算做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着要做某事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事
go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事
can’ help to do sth. 不能帮着做某事
can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
2) imaginative adj.
富有想象力的,爱想象的
an imaginative child/writer有想象
力的孩子/富有想象力的作家
imaginary adj. 想象中的,假想的
imaginable adj. 可想象的
imagine v. 设想
imagination n. 想象力
image n. 雕像,肖像
4. The boys had never come across
anything like this and started jumping
out of the windows.
come across 偶然遇见/发现
与come相关的短语：
come along 快点,来吧
come back
回来,折回
come from 来自, 从……来
come off
从……离开, 脱落
come out
出来, 出版
come up
走过来, 走近
come over 过来
come to
来到, 结果是
Don’t forget!
5. But last weekend another teacher,
Jenny, and I did visit a village that
was the home of one of the boys,
Tombe.
但是上周末, 另一位老师Jenny和我
拜访了一个村子, 这个村子是其中一
个男孩Tombe的家。
did 强调肯定语气, do (does, did)用于强
调谓语动词的语气时，要符合以下条件:
(1) 句子是肯定句;
(2)谓语动词为一般现在时或一般过去时;
(3)谓语动词是单独的行为动词或单独的
连系动词(be除外)。
The little girl does want to see her
mother.
这个女孩非常想见她的母亲。
I do like to eat apples.
我的确喜欢吃苹果。
Do stay a while. 请待会儿。
6. Everyone seemed to be a relative of
Tombe’s.
每个人都好像是Tombe的亲戚。
seem 似乎,看来
1) 跟不定式
I seemed to hear a voice in the distance.
He seemed to be in a great hurry.
2) 跟形容词或分词
He seems quite happy.
Titanic seems ___ an interesting film.
A . is
B. are
C. be
D.
D to be
3) 后接(to sb.) that从句, 但主语是it。
It seems to me that there is
something strange about the case.
在我看来这件案子有点奇怪。
It seems that you are lying.
看来你在撒谎吧。
7. Tomber’s father, Mukap, led us to
his house, a low bamboo hut with
grass sticking out of the roof--- this
shows it’s a man’s house.
Tomber的父亲Mukap领着我们到
了他的房子, 一间低矮的房顶外长满
草的小竹屋,这表明它是一个男人的
房子。
with的复合结构(with+ 宾语+ 宾补)
1) with + n. + doing ( doing表示 with
后名词发生的动作, 此名词为动作
的执行者)
He lay there with his eyes looking at
the sky.
2) with + n. + done (done 和with后面的
宾语构成动宾关系, 此宾语是动作的承
受者。
The thief was brought in with his
hands tied back.
3) with + n. + to do 动词不定式表示
目的, 或将发生,未发生的事。
With all these mouth to feed, he
didn’t know what to do.
With five minutes to go before the
last train left, we arrived at the
station.
4) with + n. + prep. phrase
The teacher came in with some
textbooks under her arm.
5) with + n. + adj
When he is eating, he doesn’t speak
with his mouth full of food.
stick out 突出,伸出
stick out for sth. 坚持要求某事物
stick to sth. 不放弃/改变某事物
stick at sth. 坚持不懈
stick with sb. 继续支持某人
stick up 向上突起,坚起
8. Fresh grass had been laid on the floor
and there was a newly made platform
for Jenny and me to sleep on.
新鲜的草被铺在地面上,而且那儿有
一个新搭的平台以便珍妮和我睡在上
面。
lay vt. (lay, laid, laid)
1) 将某物/人置于某位置或某物表面
lay the bottle on the desk
2) 产卵
The bird lays eggs in the other birds
nets.
lay—laid—laid—laying
放置;产蛋,下蛋
lie—lied—lied—lying 说谎
lie—lay—lain—lying 躺;位于
与lay相关的短语：
lay eggs 产卵
lay sth. aside 把......放在一边
lay sth. down 放下;停止使用
lay sb. off 解雇某人
lay the table 摆放桌子
If only he ___
C quietly as the doctor
instructed, he would not suffer so much
now.
A. lies
B. lay
C. had lain
D. should lie
9. I love listening to the family softly
talking to each other in their
language, even though I didn’t
understand a word. 即使我一句话也
听不懂, 我还是喜欢听他们家人那种
用自己的语言彼此轻柔地交谈。
even though/even if 尽管,即使
引导让步状语从句,后常用虚拟式动
词表示与事实相反的动作或行为。当
让步状语从句的动词用虚拟表示与事
实相反的假设时,通常用even though/
even if, 而不用though, although或as。
You are not stupid. Even though/
Even if you were slow in study, you
shouldn’t give up your studies.
你并不愚笨, 即使你学得慢一点, 也
不应该放弃学习。
10. It was such a privilege to have spent
a day with Tombe’s family.
enjoy privileges
享受特权
have the privilege of … 有…的特权
as a special privilege 作为特权许可
by special privilege 根据特权
11. It’s getting late and I have to
prepare tomorrow’s lessons.
prepare sth. 准备某事
prepare for sth. 为…做准备
prepare sb. for sth.
使某人为某事做好准备
get/be prepared to do
有能力且愿意做某事
be prepared for sth. 为…做好准备
make preparations for 为…做准备
in preparation 准备中
辨析:prepare与prepare for
prepare 准备;谓语动作直接体现在宾
语上。
prepare for 为......做准备,for的宾语一
般只是谓语动作要达到的目标。
The teacher is preparing lesson.
老师在备课。
The teacher is preparing for lesson.
老师正在为上课做准备。
Homework
1. Finish Exercise 3 on Page 31.
2. Read the passage again after class
and find all the attributive
clauses in it.
3. Recite the key sentences in the text.
4. Preparations: Learning about
Language on Page 32.