Transcript Assuring Quality - University of Nebraska–Lincoln

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Assuring Quality
A guide for youth
livestock producers
EIRICH, 2009
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What is Quality Assurance?
 Quality:
 Are the products that come from animals:
 Safe and Healthy?
 Good Consumer Experiences?
 Assurance:
 A pledge or a promise
 To consumers
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Quality Assurance Promise
 “The food from our livestock will be the
highest possible quality and we will do
everything we can to make these products
safe and healthy for our consumers.”
 Regardless of how many animals you raise
or what species, YOU are producing food
that will be on someone’s table!
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Food Supply Continuum
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
Producers start the
cycle by raising a safe,
healthy and quality
product

All segments are
responsible for product
safety and quality

Each segment relies on
the other segments to
do their part
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HACCP and Food Safety
 Hazard
Analysis and
Critical
Control
Points
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For Youth Producers it means:
Identifying and eliminating
or changing those practices
that have the potential to
cause food safety problems
with the meat, milk or eggs
we produce for the food
supply.
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Good Production Practice (GPP)

10 Guidelines for Producer to Assure:
 Food Safety
 Healthier Animals
 Better Performance Efficiency
 Humane Production Practices
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GPP 1
“Establish a herd/flock health management
plan.”

Herd/Flock Health Management Plans include:
 Working with your veterinarian
 Regular animal evaluation and observation
 Biosecurity
 Rodent/pest control
 Cleaning and disinfecting tools and facilities
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GPP 1 - Biosecurity

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
Preventative Measures
 Procedures to prevent animal health concerns
Reduce Risk
 Plans to reduce the spread of disease through your
herd and neighboring herds
Record Keeping
 Maintain records of treatment and movement of
livestock
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GPP 2
“Develop a Veterinarian/Client/Patient
Relationship (VCPR).”

VCPR are Key
 Provide advise for animal health practice and plans
 Assist with animal health diagnosis
 Provide assistance with prescription drugs or over-thecounter drug
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GPP 2 - Medications


Over The Counter (OTC) vs. Prescription
 OTC - Any medication that can be purchased legally
without a veterinarian’s prescription
 Prescription - Any medication requiring a
veterinarian’s authorization for purchase
Why Prescription?
 Margin of Safety - Animals and People
 Difficulty identifying disease being treated
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GPP 2 - Drug Use



Labeled Use - Using the medication EXACTLY as it is
specified on the label.
 Legal
Off Label Use - Using medication in a manner other
than what is stated on the label without veterinarian
guidance.
 ILLEGAL!!!!
Extra Label Use - Using medication with a
VETERINARIAN prescription in a matter other than
what’s on the label.
 Legal
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GPP 2 Maximum Residue Level (MRL)



Approved by the Food and Drug Administration
Maximum amount of drug that may be allowed in the
animal’s tissues at harvest that will have no risk to
public health
MRL may vary for countries outside the United
States
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GPP 3
“Keep Antibiotics As Good As GOLD”

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
Generate a plan for disease prevention
Observe for early signs of disease
Listen to veterinary advice
Deliver the best medication, dose and duration
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Activities, Videos or Discussion



2009 - GPP 1 - Developing Herd Health Plan
2010 - GPP 2 - VCPR, Medication Types and
Maximum Residue Levels
2011 - GPP 3 - Responsible Antibiotic Use
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GPP 4
“Identify and track animals performance and
treatments”

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Animal Identification
Premise Identification
National Animal Identification System (NAIS)
Country of Origin Labeling (COOL)
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GPP 4 - Animal Identification


Permanent Identification
 Hot or Freeze Branding (Beef, Dairy)
 Tattoo (Beef, Dairy, Rabbits, Goats, Sheep)
 Ear Notching (Swine, Beef)
Temporary Identification
 Paint Maker
 Ear Tags (Beef, Dairy, Sheep, Swine, Goats)
 Brisket Tags (Beef, Dairy)
 Leg Bands (Poultry, Dairy)
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GPP 4 - Premise Identification

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

Voluntary (Required by Some Processing Facilities)
Online Registration Form
 www.animalid.us
Information Required
 Operation/Producer Name
 Address
 Contact Information
 Legal Description of Premise
No Fees
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GPP 4 - Flock Identification



Mandatory
All animals of breeding age must have USDA Scrapie
Tag
Used to reduce the risk of disease
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GPP 4 National Animal ID System (NAIS)



Standardize animal identification programs and
practices to all livestock species and poultry
NAIS Components
 Animal Identification
 Premise Identification
 Animal Tracking
Long Term Goal
 Be capable of “identifying all livestock and premises
that have had direct contact with a disease of concern
within 48 hours after discovery”
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GPP 4 Country of Origin Labeling (COOL)



Implementation 2008-09
Consumer Driven to ensure product safety
Animal Origin and Traceability
 Birth to Consumers Purchase
TRACEABILITY
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GPP 5
“Maintain Medication and Treatment Records”

Records should include
1. Date treated
2. Animal Identification
3. Product Used
4. Dosage or Amount Used
5. Route of Administration
6. Who Administered the Medication
7. Withdrawal Time and Date
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GPP 5 - Withdrawal Time
 Withdrawal time is the amount of time
needed for a drug to be broken down
by the animal’s body, so there will be
no chance of drug residue in the tissue.
 Maximum Residue Levels (MRL)
 Discussed in GPP 2
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GPP 6
“Understanding Medication and Drug Labels”
“Take Time to Read the Label”
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GPP 6 - Medication Labels
Treatment Indications
Product Name
Active Ingr.
Dosage
Labeled Species
Cautions & Withdrawal Time
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GPP 7
“Using Proper Techniques with Medication
Administration”
Understand and Use:
 Proper Administration Procedures
 Proper Equipment
 Proper Administration Locations
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GPP 7 -Administration of Drugs

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
Subcutaneous Injections (SubQ)
 Under the Skin/Hide
Intramuscular Injections (IM)
 Injection into Muscle Tissue
Intravenous Injections (IV)
 Injection into Vein
 Typically Performed by Veterinarian
Subcutaneous
Intramuscular
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GPP 7 -Administration of Drugs



Intranasal (IN)
 Sprayed into Nasal Cavity
Topical
 Pour-on, Dips, Sprays, Powders
Oral Medication
 Though food, water or drench
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GPP 7 - Injection Equipment
Equipment guidelines:
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Use sterile needles
Use clean syringes
NEVER use a bent or broken needle
Clean reusable syringes properly
Dispose of used needles in “Sharps” Container
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GPP 7- Administration Locations
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GPP 7- Administration Locations

Beef and Dairy Cattle should not be given more than
10 cc per injection site

Sheep, goats and swine should not be given more
than 5 cc per injection site

Smaller animal limits would be 2-3 cc per injection
site
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Activities, Videos or Discussion




2009 - GPP 4 - Animal and Premise Identification
2010 - GPP 5 - Medication Records, Withdrawal
Times and Maximum Residue Levels
2011 - GPP 6 - Medication Labels
2011 - GPP 7 - Medication Administration
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GPP 8
“Follow appropriate feed mixing and ration
developing procedures”
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GPP 8- Feed Mixing
Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP)

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Keep buildings and grounds neat and clean
Maintain and clean equipment
Organize feed storage and workspace
Develop guideline to assure quality feeds
Read and understand all medicated feed labels
 Extra-Label Use of feed medication is ILLEGAL
Maintain good feed records and inventories
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GPP 9
“Train all animal caretakers on all Good
Production Practices”
Training all caretakers in your operation or family is
important to insure the best care is given for the
well-being of all livestock/animals.
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GPP 9 - Caretaker Checklist

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Contact Information
 How to contact owner
 How to contact veterinarian
Animal Information
 Species and number of animals
 Location of animals
Feeding/Watering Instructions
 Feed storage area
 Feed and water amounts
Observation and general health care
 Medication if necessary
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GPP 10
“Maintain proper daily care for the animal best
well-being”
 Proper Handling
 Proper Facilities
 Daily Care
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GPP 10 -Handling Livestock
Understanding Animals’:
 Flight Zone
 Comfort Zone
 Blind Spot
 Range of Vision
 Point of Balance
 Movement
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GPP 10 -Facilities

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

Proper Size
Proper Protection
 Weather Conditions (Protect from Extreme)
Feeding Facilities
 Adequate Space
 Clean
Watering Equipment
 Fresh
 Clean
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GPP 10 -Daily Care
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Observe Animals
Proper Feeding
Proper Water Supply
Maintain/Clean Facilities
Daily Care is important at home but is also top priority
when at progress shows and fairs.
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Activities, Videos or Discussion



2011 - GPP 8 - Feed Labels and Nutrition
2010 - GPP 9 - Caretaker Training
2009 - GPP 10 - Handling, Facilities and Daily Care
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Summary

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Promise to always strive to produce the highest
quality product you can
Develop a strong VCPR
Follow the Good Production Practices
Remember YOU are important to the future of the
livestock industry
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Assuring Quality
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Extension is a Division of the Institute of Agriculture
and Natural Resources at the University of Nebraska–
Lincoln cooperating with the Counties and the United
States Department of Agriculture.
University of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension educational
programs abide with the nondiscrimination policies of
the University of Nebraska–Lincoln and the United
States Department of Agriculture.
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