Transcript School Safety

School Safety
ANNEXURE XII
• School safety has been defined as the creation of
safe Environments for children starting from their
homes to their schools & back.
• Disaster is defined as a ‘serious disruption of the
functioning of a community or a society causing
widespread human, material, economic or
economic losses which exceed the ability of the
affected community or society to cope using its own
resources.
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• NATURAL HAZARDS
Earthquakes: Richter M 5.5 to 8.7 in different Zone
III, IV & V
Floods:
River plains
Local choking of Drains
Wind:
33 – 55 m/s (119 - 199 km/h)
Fire :
Any where due to various causes
Landslides: In mountain areas
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Why Safety Measures Required
• There had been devastating fires in school function in Dabwali
in Haryana and in Sri Krishna School in Khumba Konam in
Tamilnadu in which large number school children lost their lives.
These incidents shook the conscious of the nation and there
after concerted efforts started for constructing safe school
buildings under SSA. Thus children are most vulnerable in
earthquakes in other disasters.
• Damage and loss of furnishings, equipment and building
contents.
• Disruption of education program and school operation.
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A TERRIBLE HUMAN TRAGEDY
Over 1.1 million homes affected; 4 Kachchh towns in ruins
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A TERRIBLE HUMAN TRAGEDY
Over 5,000 Health units
damaged / destroyed
Over 42,000 School rooms
damaged / destroyed
Bhuj General Hospital
High School of Dudhai Village
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EARTHQUAKE HAZARD ZONES 2002
IV
Area under the
zones
V
10.8%
IV
17.5%
III ~30.8%
Total damageable
~ 59%
V
IV
V
V
III
III
V
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WIND &
CYCLONE
HAZARD
ZONES IN
INDIA
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FLOOD
HAZARD
PRONE
AREAS
OF
INDIA
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Hazard Hunt
• Hazards include structural & non – structural factors.
• Structural factors include dilapidated structures, poorly
designed structures, faulty construction, poorly maintained
structures.
• Non structural factors include loosely packed heavy
objects such as almirahs, infestation of the campus by
snakes and other pests, broken or no boundary walls,
uneven floorings, blocked evacuation routes, poorly
designed and placed furniture that may cause accidents
and injury.
ANNEXURE XII
Implementation of Safety action
•School safety is not a one time effort. The institutions need to
evolve a methodology and an approach that looks at safety as
a continuously monitored indicator of quality.
•States to ensure that guidelines, disaster action plan and other
policy issues related with the preparedness for the disaster
management are complied with.
•States are also to ensure that guidelines issued by the Govt.
of India on fire fighting and earthquake are also complied with
ANNEXURE XII
• All existing as well as new schools need to confirm to safety &
standards as per the National building code. In addition, any
other norms prescribed by the state Govt. need to be adhered
to.
•New school should be located as per the RTE act on a site
which is against any imminent natural hazard. Existing school
located in vulnerable locations should either be relocated at a
safer site or they should be provided adequate support to
mitigate the effect of any natural hazard.
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•All new school infrastructure should include disaster
resilient features. Existing schools need to be retrofitted to
the desired level of resilience with regard to local disaster
risk.
•Prescribed design may be adopted to accommodate
safety in child friendly features.
•Design of school bldg with components such as corridors,
staircase, opening should be as per NBC 2005. Quality of
construction shall also be in line with the National Building
Code.
•Only non combustible , fire proof, heat resistant materials
shall be used in school construction.
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•Vertical extension of existing schools should not be
carried out without a fitness certificate for the bldg from a
certified Civil/ structural Engineer.
•Each class room should have two openings for easy
evacuation. Adequate openings for ventilation and lighting
are some essential elements that need to be
accommodated in the design.
•Additional classroom or any other structure requiring
horizontal expansion shall be designed & constructed as
independent units with reference to existing structures to
minimize the input of seismic forces.
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•Besides above details, other design solutions in line with
the whole school development concept need to be
incorporated to promote safety.
Non structural safety measures in schools
•Besides structural safety measures, non structural
elements within the school campus need to be addressed
to ensure Safety as listed below.
•All items of furniture schools almirah, shelves, black
boards, water coolers , water tanks should be secured to
the walls or floors.
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•Loose electrical wires that may cause an exigency should
be addressed properly by school.
•Each school should have a boundary wall to check stray
animals or intruders from entering the school.
•Chemical or any hazardous material in the school
laboratory should be handled & stored as per instructions.
•Open areas including corridors & evacuation routes
including stair cases and ramps should be kept free from
any hurdles.
•Any unused bldg, rubble etc should be removed.
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•Traffics movement outside the school should be
managed to minimize risk to student at the time of
assembly & dispersal of school.
•Energy equipment such as fire extinguishers,
ropes need to be procured & maintained regularly.
•During excursion school should carefully choose the
location of excursion so that exposure to hazard is
minimum. Extra precautions need to be taken when
children are close to water bodies or narrow mountains
track.
•Kitchen should not have thatched roof.
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Capacity Building for safe schools.
•Generalized training for students and school staff on
evacuation routes, knowledge of safer spaces & shelter,
first aid and basic cardiac life support, warning signals.
•School Management Committee needs to be trained on
assessment of safety needs. SMCs to conduct quarterly
safety audit to ensure the facilities & resources within
schools are available such as safe water, first aid kit, fire
extinguishes etc.
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Guidelines issued by the Government of India
•Fire Safety:- The guidelines on fire safety were issued by
Ministry of Home Affaires and were circulated vide
D.O.No.24-2/2004-NDM-1dated 30th August 2004.
•Earth Quake resistant buildings:- The guideline on
earth resistant buildings were issued by Ministry of Home
Affairs and were circulated vide D.O. No.31/51/2003-NDM11/111 dated 30th November 2004 and D.O.31/52/2003NDM-11/111 dated 3rd May 2005.
ANNEXURE XII
Thank you.
ANNEXURE XII