Transcript - MicroMet Group - Weather & Defence Systems

MicroMet - adc
Doppler Weather Radar
An Exciting Partnership for Weather Radars
MicroMet-ADC Doppler Radars
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We specialize in the designing & building of S & C-Band Doppler Weather
Radars including the FULLY SOLID STATE C - Band Doppler Weather
Radars.
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MicroMet-ADC radars are designed to detect precipitation, make velocity
measurements, and measure the variations of the refractive index in the
atmosphere that may be generated by local variations of temperature or
humidity.
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They have the capability of determining the phase difference between the
transmitted and received pulse. The difference is a measure of the mean
Doppler velocity of the particles.
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They can be used for:
(a) Severe weather detection, tracking and warning;
(b) Surveillance of synoptic and mesoscale weather systems;
(c) Estimation of precipitation amounts.
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MicroMet-adc FIRSTS
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First fully coherent Doppler radar
First & only FULLY solid state Doppler radar
First PC based Doppler radar display
First GUI interface for a Doppler weather radar
First & only 32-bit High Resolution Doppler radar display
First real-time integration of Lightning and Doppler radar data
First fully integrated real-time storm tracking
First LINUX based Doppler radar display
Widest Range from Portable to 12ft Dish Antenna Radars
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MicroMet-adc
• ADC has been in Radar business since 1982.
• MicroMet has been in Met business since 1980.
• Worldwide clients in diverse industries.
• >380 Radars in the field worldwide
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NASA (Highest Possible Supplier Rating)
U.S. Air Force AN/FMQ-18(v)
Offshore drill ships
Power companies
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NATO/AFSOC
U.S. Navy
MET Departments
Raytheon
• Lockheed
• FedEx
• Broadcast / Television
Market Prevalence
 The majority of Doppler Weather Radars today are ADC
systems.
 More customers use ADC systems than all of our
competitors COMBINED!
 98% of our radars are still in operation.
– INCLUDING the very first one!
 We sold more C band weather radar systems worldwide
from 2000 to 2004 than all other weather radar vendors
combined.
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MicroMet – ADC Types of Doppler Radars
1. S - Band Upgraded “NEXRAD” - The Ultimate In
Doppler Weather Radars – Uses US Govt.
Developed Radar Product Algorithms
2. C - Band Fully Solid State Radars – In Different
Sizes – From Portable to 12 ft. Size Antenna
Radars
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MicroMet S- Band Doppler Radar
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Up-Graded NEXRAD - Klystron Based System (No Magnetron Tubes)
Low Power – Full Range Radars – 650 KW Peak Power
The Largest Antenna Dish for Doppler Weather Radars – 8.56 m
Only Doppler Radar with US Government Developed Algorithms
Only Doppler Weather Radar for Tropospheric Wind Profiling
Cloud Inversions
Only Doppler Radar that will Detect Smoke, Fire, & Explosions
Only Doppler Radar that Detects Gust Front/Sea Breeze/Fronts, & Wind Shifts
Rainfall Accumulation 1 Hr, 3 Hr,
Storm Vortex - Highly accurate severe storm warnings with long lead time
User Selectable, Storm Totals Using Unique Algorithms
Flash Flood Forecasting
Precipitation Intensity
Precipitation (Onset, Duration, Ending)
Stage II and III Precipitation Processing
Automatic On-line Calibration Function: to make automatic online calibration in
noise, noise/ temperature, velocity/pulse width, transmission power, antenna
power, reflectivity, clutter suppression (each scan).
Only Doppler Weather Radar that will Detect Birds, & Insects
1 deg Beam Width
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S-Band Radar Products
 Most Extensive Range of Radar Products
 More Than 115 Different Products – Pls.
See List Attached
S-Band System Configuration
Fully Solid State C-Band Radars
 MicroMet ADC – The Only FULLY Solid
State Low Power / Full Range C-Band
Doppler Weather Radar
Solid State vs. Tubes
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MicroMet-adc Radar System
– digital, 100% solid-state
– clean, reliable data
– like a cd
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 Magnetron Tube Radar
– 1940’s tube technology
– Intermittent data
– like an old scratchy record
Maintenance Costs
Solid State vs. Tubes
 The MicroMet-ADC DopRad® radar system is solid
state
– We don’t use tubes at all.
 MTBF: > 25,000 Hrs.
 The competition? 1940’s TUBE “technology”
– Many others use 3 tube systems
– Long term ownership costs - including repair and hardware
maintenance - could exceed $500,000 over ten years.
– $18,333 for a ‘Rebuilt’ magnetron
– $30,000 for a new Transmitter / Receiver tube
– $30,000 to have a new spare on hand
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Solid State Doppler Weather Radar
WHY?
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How do we do it? Larger penetrating pulse widths and incredibly sensitive
receiver offsets power differences.
Better Technology: Fully coherent (transmitter and receiver)
Lower cost
More reliable
Reduced microwave dangers
Reduced interference issues
MOST OF ALL – MUCH MUCH LOWER POWER CONSUMPTION &
RUNNING COST
If YOU had a tube based radar (3 different tubes), YOU would be spending
$ 30K/year (to stay in spec) for tubes alone. Not to mention the huge
difference in power consumption and cost.
No Back-Up Power Generator Required.
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Repair Enhancements
Faster, Better, Cheaper
- Faster repair time
- Less expensive
 Lower repair costs
 Shorter rental time
– Extending life of equipment
– Enhancing performance with MicroMet-ADC
mods
(Such as RF mod and 16 level)
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State of the Art Graphics
MicroMet–ADC Image
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Advanced Features
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Storm Path Analyser
Dual / Triple Composite Radars
Severe Turbulence Alert System
Range Height Indicators (RHI)
Mean Radial Velocity (MRV)
Animation Loop Replay
Accumulated Precipitation
VAD/VVP (Velocity Azimuth Display / Velocity Volume Processing)
Real Time Hail Indicator
Dynamic Range - 80DBZ With 16 Levels - Benefit Increased Data
Gain Tracking
1 Deg Beam Width
<1 db Noise Figure
Integrated Live Lightening Display
Street Level Mapping
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Advanced & Unique Features
Street Level Mapping
Storm Tracking
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Storm Tracking At Sea
Advanced & Unique Features
LIGHTENING INGEST & DISPLAY
SEVERE WEATHER ALERT
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RHI DISPLAY
DUAL / TRIPLE DOPPLER COMPOSITE
Advanced & Unique Features
MESOCYCLONE DISPLAY
TACTICAL RADAR
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MICROBURST DISPLAY
MARINE RADAR
3D IMAGES
RADAR FOR OIL RIGS
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This is a diagnostic tool
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Beam Filling Radar Range Equation
transmit power
(NOTE LINEAR TERM!)
for monostatic “pencil beam” single antenna
=
3dB beam width
pulse width
losses
(transmission,
atmospheric
attenuation, etc.)
Reflectivity factor
MDS = -135dBm @ 20 micro seconds
(goes as K/ )
For false alarm rate <1 X 106
Due to integration
of beam shape
NOTE
1/r2 beam filling constraint
(because the target cross section
had a r
r
term in beam
filling changing the relationship
to 1/r2)
(Due to integration in
range and Azimuth)
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Power and Attenuation
Power is only one term in the radar range equation and has no more
weight than pulse width or receiver sensitivity. Therefore, a radar with 1000
times more power will produce the same range as a radar that has 100 times
more sensitive receiver and 10 times bigger pulse width (all else being
equal). A MicroMet-adc radar is low power 200W (intentionally and at
great design costs), but has up to 100 times more sensitive receiver
(approximately 20dB) and up to 10 times larger penetrating pulse width
(than some magnetron based systems) - approximately 10dB, thus, 10 X
100=1000=30dB.
MicroMet-adc
Attenuation depends on temperature and wavelength, not power. It is also a
function of rainfall rate and length of path. Punching power attenuation arguments
for using low efficiency (microwave radiation hazard and RF interference
generating) 250KW magnetrons are very misleading. C-Band attenuation for most
scenarios is being overstated. One way attenuation for 5.5 cm (5.4GHz) at 0°C
=(.1349 dB/sm)/(inch/hr)**, thus, 100miles of 20dBZ rain (.026 inches/hr) will
produce a two way attenuation of just .7dB and 10 miles of 40dBZ returns (1.02
inches/hr) results in a two way loss of just 2.75dB. (For a 10cm NEXRAD the
attenuation is (.0376dB/sm)/(inch/hr) which results in .2dB and .76dB respectively.
Therefore, the requirement for 1000 times (30dBZ) more punching power in terms
of attenuation compensation is ludicrous. In addition, MicroMet-ADC systems have
PAC Path Attenuation Compensation that helps reduce some of the effect of
attenuation through intervening rain.
The higher the frequency (shorter wavelength) the more attenuation, so if
other vendors operate at frequencies higher than 5440 MHz (and they do) they
have greater attenuation through intervening rain than the MicroMet-ADC
system.
**Derived from Reinhardt, Radar for Meteorologists 1997, pg. 160 Using Mueller-Jones 5.5 cm, 0°C.
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Salient Features of Our Signal Processing
- Special Matched filters where large pulse width produce MDS of -135dB
- DVIP Digital Video Integration Processing (“integration in azimuth”) (for 50% fill fa = 20 X 10-6)
Reduces variance of reflectivity returns
σ=
5.7dB
N
Improves signal to noise N to N (depends on correlation)
- Pulse compression and/or “integration in range” : N improvement or better
- Pulse pair processing for turbulence and mean radial velocity
- Clutter filtering (two stage filters)
- Qualifiers: “random isolated sample” improves “system MDS”
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- R2 Range normalization and PAC (Path Attenuation Compensation)
Up to 16 reflectivity levels
16 Mean Velocity levels
MicroMet-adc
MicroMet-adc
MicroMet-adc
Doppler Weather Radar
An Exciting Partnership for Weather Radars