Transcript Analytical support for the Government of Norway’s

The Norwegian Climate and Forest Initiative
Norway's International Climate and Forest
Initiative, our partnership and joint agenda
with Indonesia.
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Yogyakarta 19 April 2011
Why a climate and forest initiative?
•
Stern Review (2006) and IPCC (2007) confirm the potential of REDD as the most
significant and cost-effective opportunity to stay within 2 degrees of global warming
•
Early action is necessary. Identify significant mitigation opportunities and test promising
approaches, including payment for performance and low-carbon development strategies
•
Help set up international architecture to support developing countries efforts, provide strong
incentives, address leakage, ensure permanence and global additionality
•
Include REDD+ in UNFCCC climate regime, additional to deep cuts at home, no offsets
involved for Norway.
•
REDD can bring multiple benefits (alternative livelihoods and poverty reduction, forest
peoples rights, biodiversity)
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Background and main objectives of the International Climate
and Forest Initiative
Background
Launched at COP13 at Bali in December 2007, established 2008
Project Team at the Ministry of Environment – cooperates with the Norwegian
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Norad and other relevant ministries
Aims to contribute to reduced global warming by reducing emissions from
deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) in developing countries
Promoting sustainable development and poverty reduction is an overriding goal for
the initiative, as with all Norwegian foreign development policy
Objectives
To work towards the inclusion of emissions from deforestation and forest degradation
in a new international climate regime
To take early action to achieve cost-effective and verifiable reductions in greenhouse
gas emissions
To promote the conservation of natural forests to maintain their superior carbon
storage capacity
SOURCE: The Norwegian Ministry of Environment
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Financing: A coordinated approach – creating knowledge – fast actions
Allocation to
Size
(~USD)
Timing
•National REDD strategies in forest countries
•International methodology development
•Sharing of experiences and lessons learned
82 mill
Forest Carbon Partnership
Facility
•National REDD strategies in forest countries
•Sharing of experiences and lessons learned
40 mill
Forest Investment Programme
Transformational change in pilot countries
50- 150 mill
Congo Basin Forest Fund
Support to COMIFAC countries
83 mill
International Tropical Timber
Organization
Support to ITTO developing member countries
Brazil (Amazon Fund)
Results based
Up to 1 bn
Indonesia
Results based
Up to 1 bn
2010 -
Guyana
Results based
Up to 280 mill
2010-2015
Tanzania
•Support to national REDD efforts
•Pilot experiences and methodology development
83 mill
Mexico
REDD methodology development (MRV)
15 mill
2010-2012
Civil Society
Pilot experiences and methodology development
60 mill
2009 + 2010
The UN-REDD Programme
2008-2010
2008-2010
2010-2012
2008-2010
2009+2010
8 mill
2008 -2015
Over 5 years
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Why partner up with Indonesia, bilaterally and on the Global Climate and
Forest Arena?
Bilateral strategic partnership, founded on mutual respect, confidence and shared
interests, experience from working together on multilateral issues.
Shared belief in the UN, in multilateral arrangements and solutions, in the rule of
law, and a democratic system with consultations and involvement.
Indonesia being a regional power, with a global outlook, member of G20 and
leading player within ASEAN working for poverty allivation and democracy.
Indonesia has the world’s 4th biggest population, 3rd biggest forest and is the
world’s 3rd biggest emitter of greenhouse gases.
Indonesia’s emissions come predominantly from deforestation and forest
degradation, particularly from vast peatlands.
Indonesia did in Pittsburg in 2009 demonstrate extraordinary political and
international leadership with president Yudhoyono pledging to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions with 26%, and up to 41% with foreign assistance by
2020.
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The REDD+ Partnership: Established in Oslo May 27th 2010
Why a global climate and forest partnership?
An action track to supplement the UNFCCC negotiation track
More than 55 member countries, including most ASEAN countries
around 4 billion USD pledged
Agreed principles
Coordination of actions, financing and results
Learn lessons and share best practice
The way forward:
Brazil and France current co-chairs
Secretarial services by Forest Carbon Partnership Facility and
the UN-REDD Programme
The global climate and forest partnership is the first of its kind
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Indonesia-Norway Partnership on REDD+ and beyond
▪
▪
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Indonesia committed to reduce their 2020 emissions as estimated by a businessas-usual trajectory by 26% out of their own funds and 41% with international
assistance
In recognition of the global significance of these commitments, Norway
contributes USD 1 billion to assist Indonesia in realising them
Part of a broader strategic partnership, involving cooperation on energy, human
rights, trade and economy, and global climate policy
A phased approach:
Phase 1
2010-11
• Payment for
institutional
reforms and
planning
• Two-year
suspension on
concessions for
conversion of
natural forest and
peatlands into
plantations
Phase 2
2011-13
• Payment for
independently
verified emissions
reductions in pilot
province
• Further enabling
policy change and
institutional
reforms, incl.
degraded lands
database
Phase 3
2014• Payment for
independently
verified emissions
reductions relative
to a mutually
agreed or
UNFCCC based
reference level.
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Phase 1 Preparation/2010-11
Indonesia has identified 6 early deliverables for its REDD+ efforts,
current status:
• REDD+ Task Force appointed by President to implement LoI and
prepare REDD+ Agency to coordinate all REDD+ and land use policy
• UNDP interim financial instrument, workshop at Bali to start work on
longer-term arrangements for disbursement
• Draft REDD+ Strategy prepared by Bappenas through a multistakeholder process, Task Force to continue process
• Presidential instruction on two year suspension on new licenses for
natural forest and peatland conversion imminent
• Independent institution for monitoring, reporting and verification
(MRV) of reduced emissions from deforestation to be developed
• Central Kalimantan identified as first pilot province
• Independent Third Party Review to assess delivery of results for the
first phase, and level of disbursement for 2011
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How can Indonesia spend the funds from Norway?
• Indonesia responsible for implementation and making the
spending decisions, in accordance with internationally
recognised safeguards
• Norway contributes according to the deliverables from
Indonesia, whether in the form of enabling policies and reforms
(2010-2013), or independently verified emissions reductions
(2014-). Most of the funds will be disbursed in the latter phase
• Expenditure to conform with OECD-DAC requirements, and in
line with the Indonesian mid-term development strategy and
low carbon strategies being developed = integrated approach to
poverty reduction and low carbon development
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How can Gadjah Mada University play a role?
Indonesia’s REDD+ efforts are truly breaking new ground, pioneer work, and will
require input from academia on how to proceed and how to make work in
practice.
▪
The process forward will require close cooperation between goverment, civil
sociey, private sector and academia, interaction between the domestic and
international actors and dimensions.
▪
UGM has vast experience in the forest and climate , democracy and good
governance area, enjoys high international reputatition and network, being
listened to in Jakarta – uniquely placed to provide academic input to such efforts
▪
▪
Need for input on e.g:
– forest management
– public administration
– remote sensing
– social effects of policies
Long tradition for close cooperation and exchanges between Norwegian
universities and UGM – to be buildt on and further expanded!
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