Transcript Document

Welcome
to my class
归纳各年高考
对照课标说明
确立应试模式
2013高考研讨会英语讲解框架
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语 话 单 完 阅 拼 改 写
音 题 选 型 读 写 错 作
1. 语音专题
1.1陕西历年高考英语语音命题考点分布统计表
年份
第1题
第2题
第3题
第4题
第5题
字母 发音
字母
发音
字母
发音
字母
发音
字母
发音
2006
h
不发音
o
ə
ou
ʌ
ear
eə
ed
t
2007
c
s
ie
aɪə
th
θ
ai
ei
o
ə
2008
g
ʤ
ch
k
u
ʌ
a
ə
ea
ɪə
2009
i
i
tion
ʧən
e
e
c
ʃ
or
ə
2010
a
ei
ou
ʌ
i
i
o
ɔ
重音 1st
2011
a
ə
s
s
i
ai
ou
au
th
θ
2012
g
g
u
ju:
ch
ʧ
ie
i:
es
s
七年高考中元音字母a及其相关组合累计考了6次;
e及其相关组合累计考了7次;
i及其相关组合累计考了7次;
o及其相关组合累计考了8次;
u及其相关组合累计考了5次;
七年高考中辅音字母c及其相关组合累计考了4次;
辅音字母g及其相关组合累计考了2次;
辅音字母h及其相关组合累计考了5次;
辅音字母s及其相关组合累计考了2次;
1.2《课程标准》语音教学基本内容
(1)5个元音字母的读音
(2)21个辅音字母的读音
(3)常见元音字母组合的发音
(4)常见辅音字母组合的发音
(5)成音节的读音
1.3.1《考试说明》所列国际音标符号
1.3.1 KK音标与
DJ音标简单对比
1. 3. 2 音节重点复习
开音节:
绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅音字母的重读音节。
例如:no she he we
相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个
不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name use nice nose
闭音节:
单个元音字母后面有辅字组成(r w y 除外),且以辅音
字母结尾的重读音节。例如:bag begin fish stop
r音节:
r音节就是“元音字母+r”所构成的音节,一共有五个:
ar, er, ir, or, ur。 如park,her,first,for,Thursday
成音节:
音标中,一个辅音字母加上一个[m]或[n]或[ŋ] 或[l],构成成音节
例词:noodle [‘nu:dl] 英语辅音字母中有 4 个辅音
[m],[n], [ŋ],[l]是响音,它们和辅音音素结合,构成音节。
构成的音节往往出现在词尾,一般是非重读音节。
1. 3. 2 语音重点复习
元音字母读音:
a [ei] [i] [e] [ə] [æ] [ɔ] [a:] e [i:][ə] [e] [i] [ ɪə ]
i [aɪ] [i]
o [əʊ ] [ʌ] [ɔ] [u:] [u] [ə]
u [ju:] [ʌ][ə] [u] [u:] [e] [i] [uə]
R音节读音
ar [a:]
er [ə:] [ə] ir [ə:] or [ə] [ɔ:] ur [ə:]
air [aiə] [eə] eer /ere [iə] ire [aiə] our [auə] ure[uə]
元音字母组合读音:
ea [i:] [e] [ei] [ ɪə ] oa[əʊ] ie [i:] ei [i]
辅音字母读音:
c [k] [s] [ʃ] g [g] [ʤ] j [ʤ] [j]
s [s] [ʃ] [ʒ] [ ]
y [j] [ai] [i]
辅音字母组合读音:
ch [k] [ʧ] [ʃ] sh [ʃ] th [θ] [ð] ph [f] wh [w] [h] gh [f] []
元辅字母组合读音:
ay[i]
ed [t] [d] [id]
ey[i] es [iz] [s] [z]
ow [ou] [au]
tion [ʧən] [ʃən]
sion [ʒən]
ture [ʧə]
1. 3. 3 语音重点训练
away about afraid library annoy America dictionary admit
thank matter shall language adult fact began calculate
take date latest came made table calculate graduate educate
class answer last photograph rather task advance plant vase
want water watch what wander quality wallet
language passage damage package
area various parent Mary
many any
loss college follow shock occupy knock cotton often wrong
focus clothes comb total robot stolen stone piano ocean
potato police custom pronounce protect conclude cotton
move tomb whose who whom
above cover stomach dozen comfort company tongue
must but understand study puzzle adult fun result butter
excuse future popular university volume calculate use
industry August supply success
push careful sugar
rule pollute
business
bury
rural
feather peasant bread read lead breakfast meant
tea flea mean team please eagle cheap easy ease
break great
idea area
creation
doubt amount announce mouth house south blouse
trouble double country encourage touch southern
shoulder could would group soup
cough ought
youth
soul
wool smooth fool room bamboo loose shoot school food
tooth cook book boot wooden understood shook good
blood flood
exchange expand except explain excite excuse expect
exercise excellent exhibition expectation explanation
exhausted exam example exist exhibit
ed浊辅音和元音后
读/d/:called, named, played, answered...
清辅音后
读/t/ :stopped, looked, washed, asked...
/d /和/t/后
读/id/:wanted, started, added...
名词复数(e)s:
清辅音后面读/s/ books maps
元音和浊辅音后面读/z/,以辅音字母+y结尾的词,
变y为i再加es,读[z] goods cars babies, families
/s/和/z/以及s, sh, ch, x等结尾的词加es后,
以及ce, se, ze, (d)ge等结尾的词加s后读[iz]
boxes buses watches licenses blouses
1. 3. 4 语音系统训练
1. abandon A. absent B. age
C. accompany D. advance
2. above
A. adopt
B. ago
C. across
D. accompany
3. across
A. advice B. accuse C. accent
D. accept
4. abroad
A. approach B. broad C. road
D. boat
5. achieve A. machine B. approach C. chef
D. ache
1. breathe A. break
B. breakfast C. beat
D. bread
2. advise
A. boss
B. sure
C. bus
D. amuse
3. alike
A. bite
B. biscuit
C. chicken D. begin
4. although A. altogether B. anything C. both
D. breath
5. amuse
A. autumn B. business C. bus
D. accuse
1. another A. apology B. apology C. anybody D. among
2. another A. apology B. anybody C. back
D. bake
3. another A. author B. athlete
C. birth
D. other
4. another A. hers
B. anger
C. certain D. cheer
5. apology A. anger
B. sign
C. age
D. agree
2. 话题专题
2.1陕西历年高考英语话题考点分布
年份
内容
话题项目编号
计划词数
实际词数
2006
shopping
第11项
150
60
2007
travel reserve
第16项
150
130
2008
doing homework
第17项
150
120
2009
pick-up preparation
第9项
150
120
2010
weekends entertainment 第10项
150
115
2011
weekends activity
第10项
150
120
2012
mobile phone repair
第4项
150
105
2.2《课程标准》话题项目表基本内容
1. 个人情况 2. 家庭朋友与周围的人 3. 周围的环境
4. 日常活动 5. 学校生活
6. 兴趣与爱好
7. 个人情感 8. 人际关系
9. 计划与愿望
10. 节假日活动 11. 购物
12. 饮食 13. 健康
14. 天气
15. 文娱与体育
16. 旅游与交通
17. 语言学习 18. 自然
19. 世界与环境
20. 科普知识与现代技术
21. 热点话题
22. 历史与地理
23.社会
24. 文学与艺术
《考试说明》话题要求 对话意思通顺, 前后连贯
2.3 对话试题应对策略:
2.3.1 大纲附录4中24项话题项目分类编写话题学案。
2.3.2 教学中指导考生运用前置提示信息或(和)后置
提示信息建立起具体情景下的符合英文思维
逻辑的前中后信息链,尽量避免因链接信息
表达内容的不地道而屡犯东西方文化冲突之类
的考生想不通的不能理解的错误。
2.3.3 空读了话意,逆(顺)推定选项,速查及时涂。
2.3.4 真题训练1 第4项. 日常活动
—Hi, Judy, 6
—Why, Ed?
—You see, Dick and I are playing football in front of your house.
I kicked the ball so hard that it came into your room.
—Oh, yes. I heard a knock on the window just now,
but I didn’t know it was your ball.
— 7
—But my window was not broken, and I didn’t see your ball.
—Then where’s my ball?
—Well, 8 He lives next door.
—Then I must go to see Henry. Excuse me for the trouble, Judy.
— 9 I hope you’ll find your ball.
—But I’ll have to pay for his broken window first.
— 10 Poor Ed.
A.That’s true.
B.I’m very sorry if I broke your window.
C.What’s the matter with you? D.I’ve come to say “I’m sorry” to you.
E.I’m afraid not.
F.It must be in Henry’s room.
G.It doesn’t matter.
答案6------10 D
B
F
G
A
3. 单项选择
3.1 陕西历年高考英语单项选择命题考点统计表
题号
2006年
11
adj.比较级
less修饰不可数n.
情景对话
Go ahead
12
v.时态
did
adj比较级.
not better than
13
prep.+which
after which
conj.
what引导主从
14
conj.
that引导结果状从
v. 词组
need doing
15
prep.词组
in favor of
倒装句
So+adj.+be+主语
16
情景对话
never mind
v. 词组
work out
17
v.时态和被动
has been done
n.
mind
18
动名词
imagine doing
prep. 词组
in a way
19
v. 词组
turn to
mood aux.
should have done
20
art.
the, the
现在分词
Having done
21
倒装句
Only+状语
pron.
it, one
22
主语一致
Faced…,John has
art.
the, a
23
动词不定式
only to do
prep.
since自从
24
mood aux.
needn’t
v. 时态
had done
25
从句
however 引导让从
关系adv.
where引导定从
2007年
题号
2008年
11
v. 时态
had done
art.
a,the
12
倒装句
Not until+状语
主谓一致
A, with B, is
13
conj.
where引导同位从
prep.
on
14
mood aux.
needn’t
v. 时态
have done
15
art.
a,the
不定代词
any
16
动词不定式
be supposed to do
prep.+which
about which
17
adj.
much修饰不可数n.
doing
being done
18
prep.+which
of which
conj.
as long as引导条
19
doing
Having been done
情景对话
I’d love to
20
主谓一致
every boy& girl was
v. 词组
put up
21
倍数表达
twice as large as
反义疑问句
must be doing
22
v.时态和被动
has been done
conj.
whoever引导宾从
23
情景对话
not me again
倒装句
Little did sb
24
prep.
beyond
情景对话
Not yet
25
v. 词组
get in
n.
position
2009年
题号
2010年
11
关系pron.
whose
关系adv.
where
12
指示pron.
that指比较对象
v. 时态
has received
13
情景对话
I don’t think so
art.
the, the
14
v.词组
agree with适合
过去分词
had luggage checked
15
过去从句虚拟
had done
疑问代词
what引导表从
16
过去分词
Seen
不定代词
another
17
倒装句
there stood sb
倍数表达
three times as big as
18
conj.
that引导主从
情景对话
Guess what?
19
动词不定式
to be done
conj.
while引导让步状从
20
conj.
before引导时从
doing
making引出结果状从
21
v. 时态
have been doning
情景对话
That would be great.
22
adj.
likely
过去主句虚拟
couldn’t have gone
23
mood aux.
mustn’t
强调句型
It is not A but B that---
24
主谓一致&时态
many a house is
mood aux.
shall表将来
25
情景对话
That’s great
v.词组
take on呈现
2011年
题号
2012年
11
prep.
against反对
12
主谓一致
A, as well as B, was
13
pron.
it形式宾语
14
关系pron.
which引非限定从
15
doing
Standing伴随状语
16
情景对话
That’s all right.不要紧
17
过去从句虚拟
had been
18
倒装句
Hot as the air was
19
v.词组
broke down故障
20
pron.
whichever
21
情景对话
You must be joking.
22
动词不定式
have no choice but to meet
23
mood aux.
can’t---too much
24
v. 时态
will be flying
25
conj.
unless引条件状语
2013说明
陕西历年高考英语单项选择命题考点分布统计表
年
份
考点
动
词
从
句
连
词
介
词
话
题
非谓
语动
词
冠
词
倒
装
主
谓
一
致
2006 1
4
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2007 1
4
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2008 1
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2009
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
2010 1
3
1
2
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
2
2
3
1
1
2
2
2011
2012
形
容
词
强
调
1
1
1
名
词
代
词
1
1
1
反
意
虚
拟
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
倍
数
2
1
1
1
1
3.2《课程标准》语法项目表基本内容
1.名词 2.代词 3.数词 4.介词及介词短语 5.连词
6.形容词(比较级和最高级) 7. 副词(比较级和最高级)
8.冠词 9.动词 10. 时态 11. 被动语态 12. 非谓语动词
13.构词法 14.句子种类 15.句子成分 16.简单句基本句型
17.主谓一致 18. 并列复合句 19. 主从复合句
20. 间接引语 21. 省略 22. 倒装 23.强调 24. 虚拟语气
《考试说明》单选无明确要求
3.3.1 单选试题应对策略:
1. 全面系统地学案复习大纲中24项语法项目在具体语境中的用法.
2. 借助历年全国各地单选题进行全面、细致地复习,
将所有单选题分解成记忆型语法题和分析型语法题。
再将记忆型语法题分解成词汇词组意义题和句子结构套用题。
对于记忆型语法题要求学生先口头机械记忆 后强化训练直至自动化程度。
对于分析型语法题采取庖丁解牛法或还原结构法解句子结构运用题,
时间数轴法解时态题,逻辑关系法解语态题和非谓语动词试题。
3. 总结诸如情景对话,连词场义,词组辨析,冠词定位,介词搭配,
非谓动词以及动词时态及语态等主要错误类型,并反思错误本质。
例如因文化冲突而造成的情景对话试题错误,
因语境不合而造成的连词场义错误,
因匹配不地道而造成的词间搭配错误,
因句子成分镶嵌错位而造成的连词选择填充错误,
因时间点或时间段判断不当而造成的时态题出错,
以及因逻辑判断失误而造成的语态题和非谓语动词试题出错等其它错误。
4. 对于那些学生容易做错的试题,帮助学生举一反三地训练。
3.3.2 单选题解题方法举例
1. 辨认考点
Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made
_____in the restaurant.
A. working
B. work
C. to work
D. worked
2.非谓语动词三步走
看空在句中作什么成分?与谁有关系?有什么关系?
The Titanic was a ship just not _____ to run into icebergs.
When it did, nothing could stop its journey to the bottom.
A. design B. to design C. designed D. designing
3. 定语从句三步走
先行词是谁?先行词指人/指物?先行词在定语从句中做什么成分?
Everyone has periods in their lives __ everything seems very hard.
A. when B. where C. which D. that
4.名词性从句的三步走
看从句在复合句中做什么成分?看空在从句中做什么成分?
看句意, 下判断
From __seemed to be a great , cloudy distance,
he smiled at her , and she smiled , too.
A. it
B. that
C. what D. which
5. 思维定势干扰
He was busy writing a story, only _____ once in a while
to smoke a cigarette.
A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped
6. 只合语法, 不合语境
You have no idea how she finished the relay race
_____ her foot wounded so much.
A. for
B. when
C. with
D. while
7. 只顾语义,不顾语法
Yesterday, our math teacher set so difficulty an examination
question
none of us worked out.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
8. 未弄清句子结构
The gate of Fortune, from ______top visitors can enjoy a
wonderful sea view, will attract lots of visitors.
A. which
B. whose
C. where
D. it
9. 未通盘考虑
I go _____ to the stadium when there is game.
But usually I watch it on TV.
A. typically B. anxiously C. frequently D. occasionally
10. 细节信息干扰
Under no circumstances, I was warned, _____ to give
password to someone else.
A. could I B. I could C. I was D. was I
11. 复杂句式未还原
The patient looks much better.
_____ is it that has made him ____he is today?
A. What, that B. That, that C. What, what D. That, what
12. 相似结构未对比
Is this the school ___you visited the other day?
Is this school ___you visited the other day?
Is this school ___you visited your uncle the other day?
A. the one B. where C. when D. that
4. 完形填空
4.1 陕西历年高考英语完形填空命题统计
06年全国高考陕西卷的完型填空以叙事体裁形式,选取一位
聋人医生的从医经历,通过细腻文笔描写她从一位聋人成长
为一位优秀医生的故事。所选材料地道,新颖,哲理性,
可读性,生活性极强。词汇量240词。
第一句未挖空,交代了故事发生的地点和背景。
故事的思想性在文章的结尾处不评自现。
从词性角度考查了
8个动词(21,22,24,28,33,36,37,39题)
3个名词(30,38,40题)2个形容词(31,32题)
3个副词(23,27,34题)2个代词(29、35题)
1个介词(26,题)1个连词(25题)
7大词类在语篇中的运用。
07年全国高考陕西卷的完型填空以叙事体裁形式,选取作者在
麦当劳吃饭时遇到的离奇经历,通过细腻流畅的文笔描写了
一对老夫妻分享一切,包括分享牙齿而使作者连续产三次
触景生情的精彩故事。
所选材料地道,新颖,哲理性,可读性,生活性极强。
词汇量230词。第一句未挖空,交代了故事发生的地点和背景。
故事的思想性在文章的结尾处自然而现。
从词性角度考查了
10个动词(21,22,23,25,27,29,34,35,36,37题)
1个名词(32题)2个形容词(26,30题)
3个副词(31,33,39题)
2个代词(24,40题)1个介词(38题)
1个连词(28题)7类词在语篇中的运用。
08年全国高考陕西卷的完型填空以寓言叙事体裁形式,选取
花甲老太生活中的三件事,通过细腻流畅的文笔描写了
老太太借助巫师之咒与顽童和死神顽强抗争的精彩寓言。
所选材料地道,新颖,哲理性,可读性,生活性极强。
词汇量260词。第一句未挖空,交代了故事发生的地点和背景。
寓言的寓意在文章的结尾处油然而出。
从词性角度考查了
6个动词(22,23,27,28,33,36题)
5个名词(25,26,29,32,37题)
4个形容词(21,24,38,39题)
1个副词(40题)1个代词(31题)1个介词(35题)
2个连词(30,34题)7大词类在具体语境中的运用。
09年全国高考陕西卷的完型填空以叙事体裁形式,选取作者
解答儿子问题的整个过程,通过细腻流畅的文笔描写了作者
借助苹果的特点运用比较法形象地回答了儿子提出的难题。
所选材料地道,新颖,哲理性,可读性,生活性极强。
词汇量250词。第一句未挖空,交代了故事发生的背景。
故事的教育意义在文章的结尾处油然而出。
从词性角度考查了
8个动词(24,25,31,32,34,36,39,40题)
4个名词(22,26,29,37题)3个形容词(23,27,28题)
2个副词(30,38题)1个代词(35题)1个介词(33题)
1个连词(30,34题)7大词类在具体语境中的运用。
10年全国高考陕西卷的完型填空以叙事体裁形式,选取作者体验
自己自私和街头艺人无私心理活动的整个过程,通过细腻流畅的
文笔描写了作者借助街头艺人为地震灾区募捐的无私善举反衬了
自己由自私转向无私的心里变化。
所选材料地道,新颖,哲理性,可读性,生活性极强。
词汇量250词(《说明》要求200---250)。
第一句未挖空,交代了故事发生的背景。
故事的教育意义在文章的结尾处自然而出。
从词性角度考查了6个动词(26,27,30,32,34,41题)
6个名词(28,35,37,39,40,45题)2个形容词(36,43题)
2个副词(29,38题)1个代词(33题)2个介词(42,44题)
1个连词(31题)7大词类在具体语境中的运用。
11年全国高考陕西卷的完型填空以叙事体裁形式,选取三个
富人帮助贫穷村子村民脱贫的三种不同做法:
第一个给穷人分发了金银珠宝;
第二个给穷人分发了饮食;
第三个给穷人分发了农用工具和种子。
所选材料地道,旨在引导读者感悟“授人以鱼,不如授人以渔”
的生活哲理。词汇量240词(《说明》要求200---250)。
第一句挖空,交代了故事发生的背景。
从词性角度考查了7个动词(27,33, 35,36,37, 41, 44题)
5个名词(26, 32, 34,38, 45题)3个形容词(28, 31,40题)
1个副词(42题)1个代词(30题)1个介词词组(43题)
2个连词(29, 39题)7大词类在具体语境中的运用。
12年全国高考陕西卷的完型填空以叙事体裁形式,
选取狗Laddy费尽周折找到小主人的动人故事。
所选材料地道,旨在引导读者感悟“动物通人性”的生活事实。
词汇量275词(《说明》要求200---250)。
第一句未挖空,交代了故事发生的时间,人物。
从词性角度考查了
8个动词(27,28, 33,36,38, 41, 43,44题)
5个名词(31, 32, 39,40, 45题)2个形容词(35,42题)
2个副词(30,37题)1个介词(34题)
2个连词(26, 29题) 0个代词
6大词类在具体语境中的运用。
陕西历年高考英语完形填空命题词性分布统计表
年
词性
词
份 动词 名词 形容词 副词 代词 介词 连词 数
体
裁
06
8
3
2
3
2
1
1
20 叙事
07
10
1
2
3
2
1
1
20 叙事
08
6
5
4
1
1
1
2
20 叙事
09
8
4
3
2
1
1
1
20 叙事
10
6
6
2
2
1
2
1
20 叙事
11
7
5
3
1
1
1
2
20 叙事
12
8
5
2
2
0
1
2
20 叙事
4.2 《课程标准》同阅读理解
《考试说明》补足后的短文
意思通顺,
前后连贯,
结构完整。
4. 3 .1 完形填空设空特点
1. 第一句不挖空,交代故事背景
2. 前制性设空 : 答题信息在空白前
3. 后置性设空: 答题信息在空白后
4. 语篇性设空: 答题信息在语篇中
5. 以“实词( n. v. a. ad. pron.)为主,
虚词为辅(prep. conj.) ,不涉及语法”;
6. 前制性设空难度低,
后制性设空难度较高,
语篇性设空难度最高。
4.3.2 完形填空干扰项的设计
1.利用中国人学英语的一些典型问题和典型弱点。
特别抓住汉语或中国文化的干扰作用,
揣摩中国学生在具体问题上是怎样出错的,
然后用这些失误编写成干扰项。
2.利用学生对词语的误解或错误的联想。
学生学英语,往往只抓住片言只字,望文生义,
甚至是望形生义。
3.利用近似词语之间的混淆。
例如,利用词形、意义或者结构上近似的词语编写干扰项。
简言之,总的技巧不外乎一条,
即利用受试者可能进入的思维误区和可能犯的错误故设陷阱
4.3.3 完形填空试题应对策略:
完形填空题多半选取情感方面生活气息浓厚的哲理性的小故事。
注重考查考生对词义、语义、语境、语篇的深层次理解,
以及正确理解句与句、段与段之间的内在联系的能力。
训练学生答题时必须从4个方面综合考虑。
1. 从上下文前置或后置信息逻辑考虑(包括人称),
运用前置提示信息顺推或(和)后置提示信息逆推,
尤其要注意借助词汇的语篇功能推出确切的,
地道的前中后信息链;
2. 从词汇意义及用法的角度考虑;
3. 从常识角度考虑;
4. 从惯用法和约定俗成的搭配角度考虑。
4.3.4 完形填空应试三步走
一空读,二选读,三填读
通读语篇了大意,边读边析定选项,迅速复查及时涂。
Years ago, when I was working at a children’s institution
a boy26up in the waiting room. It was David. He had27his parents.
He was very sad28to talk to others. The first two times we met,
David did not say a word. He sat in the chair and only29up at the
children’s drawings on the wall. As he was about to leave30the second visit,
I put my hand on his31.He didn’t shrink (退缩) back,
but he didn’t look at me either.“ Come back next week,” I hesitated a bit.
He came, and I suggested we play a game of chess.
He32 . After that we played 33 every time, in complete 34 and
完形
without making any eye contact. It’s not 35 to cheat in chess,
填空题
but I admit that I made sure David won 36 . It seemed as if he
填空
enjoyed my 37 .But why did he never look at me?
Perhaps he sensed that I respected his suffering.
训练法
I kept wondering and 38 with him, until some months later, 39 ,
he looked up at me. “It’s your turn,” he said. After that day, David started 40 .
He got friends in school. He wrote me a few 41 about how he would try to
get into university. After some time, the letters 42 . Now he had really started
to live his own life. I learned how 43 cures pain. And David showed me
how one—without any 44 —can reach out to another person.
All it takes is a shoulder to cry on, a 45 touch and an ear that listens.
26.A. showed
B.went
C.rose
D.put
27.A. missed
B.lost
C.loved
D.respected
28.A. preferring B.trying
C.refusing
D.expecting
29.A. glanced
B.stared
C.looked
D.glimpsed
30.A. when
B.after
C.before
D.until
31.A. back
B.shoulder C.face
D.hand
32.A. cried
B.smiled
C.nodded
D.wondered
33.A. violin
B.cards
C.basketball
D.chess
34.A. silence
B.surprise
C.doubt
D.trouble
35.A. wise
B.easy
C.right
D.wrong
36.A.now and then B.more or less
C.once or twice D.all the time
37.A. game
B.company
C.cheat
D. success
38.A.playing
B.competing C.arguing
D.fighting
39.A. naturally
B.suddenly
C.impatiently
D.angrily
40.A. laughing
B.singing
C.talking
D.sleeping
41.A.articles
B.compositions C.letters
D. emails
42.A. stopped
B.arrived
C.posted
D.continued
43.A. money
B.time
C.hate
D.fame
44.A. hopes
B.actions
C.words
D.complaints
45.A. gently
B.lovely
C.lively
D.friendly
26 A解析 考查动词词义辨析。此处表示一个小男孩出现在等候室。
rise up起义;go up上升;put up搭起。
27 B解析 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“sad”和“suffering”以及
小孩的表现可知,他“失去”了父母,B项符合语境。miss思念;love爱;respect尊重。
28 C解析 考查动词。根据前面的sad和下文反复提到的小孩不说话的举动可知,
C项符合语境。prefer to do更喜欢做;try to do努力做;expect to do期待着做。
29 C解析 考查动词。小孩不说话只是抬头看着墙上的画。
glance at迅速地瞄一眼;stare at凝视;wake up醒来。
30 B解析 考查连词的用法。此处表示在小孩第二次来访后要走的时候。
31 B解析 考查名词的用法。此处指作者把手放到小孩的肩膀上。
其他的词在此处不符合语境。back背部;face脸部;hand手。
32 C解析 考查动词的用法。根据下文可知,小孩同意了作者的建议,
所以C项为最佳答案。cry哭泣;smile微笑;wonder想知道。
33 D解析 考查上下文联系。根据上文“you play a game of chess”
可知,答案选D项。violin小提琴;cards纸牌游戏;basketball篮球。
34 A解析 考查名词的用法。从下文作者开始同小孩说话,
并结合第一段中的小孩拒绝说话可知,此处A项为最佳答案。
in surprise惊讶地;in doubt不确定;in trouble处于麻烦之中。
35 B解析 考查形容词的用法。作者想让小孩赢,
36 以恢复他的信心,但是作者要想输得不露痕迹,也是件不容易的事。
36 C解析 考查语境理解。结合语境可知,此处表示作者想让小孩赢一两次。
now and then不时;more or less大约;all the time一直。
37 B解析 考查名词的用法。此处表示小孩喜欢和作者在一起。
game游戏;success成功;cheat骗子。
38 A解析 考查动词的用法。结合上下文可知,此处应是作者和
小孩继续一起玩。compete竞争;argue争吵;fight打架。
39 B解析 考查副词的用法。此处表示小孩抬头看他,
对于作者来说很突然。naturally天然地;impatiently不耐烦地;angrily生气地。
40 C解析 考查具体语境中动词的辨析。结合上下文可知,
C项符合语境。laugh笑;sing唱歌;sleep睡。
41 C解析 考查上下文联系。下文提到了letters,故此处选D项。
article文章;composition作文;email电子邮件。
42 A解析 考查动词的用法。此处表示小孩在给作者写了
一些信之后,就停止写了。这表示小孩已经开始了自己的生活。
arrive到达;post邮寄;continue继续。
43 B解析 考查名词的用法。此处意为“时间是怎样医治人的痛苦的”。
money金钱;hate憎恨;fame声誉。
44 C解析 考查名词的用法。整篇文章都在介绍小孩少言寡语,
所以此处C项符合语境。hope希望;action动作;complaint怨言。
45 D解析 考查副词与形容词的用法。本文的主题是:
一个人悲伤时需要别人的关爱,需要得到的仅仅是一个哭泣时可以依靠的肩膀、
一次友好的接触和一只倾听的耳朵。gently温和地;lovely可爱的;lively精力充沛的。
5. 阅读理解
5.1 陕西历年高考英语阅读理解命题统计
2006年 1350词,内容涉及通信方式的发展,
路透社新闻异地求婚,读书环境的创设,
造成无家可归的原因,
美国人和法国人工作效率及幸福感之比较。
考题设置有11个细节题,3个词义推测,1个句义推测,
1个主旨归纳,2个标题设置,1个写作态度,1个代词指称。
2007年 1360词,内容涉及音乐家Louis Armstrong人物传记,
科普文动物天气预报员,日本韩国已婚女性姓氏习俗之不同,
网络对青少年的影响以及青少年对网络的认识,
东南亚各国劳务输出的作用。
考题设置有11个细节推测题,2个词义推测,3个主旨归纳,
2个写作方法,1个写作目的,1个写作态度。
2008年 1580词,内容涉及大峡谷亲身体验,
摄影报道对社会的作用,理科教学与文科教学的差异,
丝绸之路的历史价值,性别能力差异。
考题设置有11个细节推测,4个段意推测,1个句义推断,
1个主旨归纳,1个标题设置,1个写作态度,1个代词指称。
2009年 310+210+260+300+300=1380词,
内容涉及捉弄幼儿园阿姨的童趣,
总统秘书Edmonds,传统说法的可靠性,航空信差
国际贸易中如何防止自我名族优越性。
考题设置有14个细节推测,1个词意推测,1个主旨归纳,
1个标题设置,1个写作方法,1个写作目的,1个写作态度。
2010年 270+390+290+260+420=1630词
(《说明》要求不少于900+400),
内容涉及大脑专家就读者的两封来信反映的电脑能否
反映人类的脑思维;
自己咯吱自己为什么没有反映的问题给出的理论解释;
勇敢的法国游客在纽约度假时及时救起了一位两岁的
美国女童之后不留名的动人事迹;
Paul四口之家体验The 1900 House真实感受;
针对垃圾邮件立法的建议;以及礼物赠送涉及到的各个方面。
考题设置有13个细节推测,5个段意推测,
1个词义推断, 1个写作目的。
2011年 230+390+ 330+410+420=1780词
(《说明》要求不少于900+400),
内容涉及皇家歌舞剧院各种便捷实惠的订票方式;
两次荣获诺贝尔奖的居里夫人的女儿同样荣获诺贝尔奖的故事;
父母因家境不宽裕而阻挠孩子上心目中的康奈尔大学,
但作者努力学习,赢得了全额奖学金自力更生奋斗的故事;
真正应对全球粮食危机的办法是绿色农业,
而不是理论上的既能提高产量又能减少农药量的转基因农作物;
以及幽默的内涵,特点及其作用。
考题设置有3+4+4+1=12个细节推测, 1个词义推断,
1个作者态度推测 ,1个写作方法,5个段意推测。
2012年 220+340+ 230+280+430=1500词
(《说明》要求不少于1000+400),
内容涉及民族趋同的重要因素是什么;
老婆回娘家后,爸爸照看三个儿子,
样子狼狈而不得不求助日托所;
和多脂,运动量少,吸烟一样,
空气的质量影响着人们的身心健康;
衣着打扮会影响一个人是否会被录用;
吸引听众的五个建议,即:慢速,清晰,有组织,
减少冗余,具体结尾和致谢。
考题设置有3+3+1+2=9个细节推测,1个写作方法,
1个主旨归纳, 1个词义推断,1个写作目的,
1个标题设置,1个作者态度推测 ,5个段意推测。
陕西历年高考英语阅读理解命题分布统计表
陕西
高考
年份
命题类型
短文
词汇
总数
细节
推断
词义
推测
代词
指称
句义
推测
段义
归纳
主旨
归纳
写作
目的
写作
方法
作者
态度
标题
设置
2006
11
3
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
2
1350
2007
11
2
0
0
0
3
1
2
1
0
1360
2008
11
0
1
1
4
1
0
0
1
1
1580
2009
14
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1380
2010
13
1
0
0
5
0
1
0
0
0
1630
2011
12
1
0
0
5
0
0
1
1
0
1780
2012
9
1
0
0
5
1
1
1
1
1
1500
5.2.1《课程标准》提出的阅读技能与试题设计
测试要点
测试方式
说明
1.理解主旨大意
2.寻找具体信息
3.理解细节
4.根据上下文提供的语境
推测生词词义,进而加
深对文段的理解
5.简单的判断和推理
6.理解文段的基本结构
7.理解作者的意图和态度
8.理解文段的文化信息
1.单项选择
2.完形填空
3. 填词题
4. 是非题
5. 完成句子
6. 图文转换
7. 笔头转述
8. 要点记录
9. 内容总结
10. 按指令完成文段
11.与写作结合完成任务
1.所选语言材料应与
学生语言水平符合,
体裁,题材丰富
2. 每篇文段长度可在
100---300词之间,
阅读总量在3---5篇,
词数总量在300---1500间
3. 试题题干要尽可能
简明,指示清楚选项要
体现测试要点
5.2.2《考试说明》对阅读的要求
(1)理解主旨大意和要义
(2)理解文中具体信息
(3)根据上下文推断生词词义
(4)做出简单的判断和推理
(5)理解文章的基本结构
(6)理解作者的意图,观点和态度
5.3.1 阅读理解试题训练策略:
(1)阅读要有广度
要选读题材多样、时代气息强的文章。从近几年的高考来看,阅读文章涉及科学
技术、天文地理、广告信息、外国习俗、新闻报道等无所不有。
(2)阅读要有深度
考生阅读时,还应注意选些难度适中的文章来读。临近高考,大家手中的资料很
多。要在老师的指导下,选读高质量的文章。
(3)阅读要有速度
近几年阅读的总词汇量稳定在3000多词(含短文和题干,选题)。按考试说明中40
分钟的建议答题时间计算,读速应达65WPM左右。建议在平时训练时把握好时
间。看好时间开始阅读,看自己能否在40分钟时间内完成。要有意识地训练学生
的阅读速度。
(4)做题要有效度
一遍浏览大意,二遍各个击破,三遍检查核对。
5.3.2 阅读理解训练策略
1. 体裁(记叙,议论,说明,应用),题材(多样)
2. 学案阅读法(阅读量)
3. 阅读理解题干应试法 (缘木求鱼 )
4. 阅读理解错误选项剔除法 (捏造事实,歪曲事实)
5. 判断文章的中心思想时,注意全文的中心不可太具体,但也
不能与文章内容相差太远。
6. 词义猜测要看上下文,英语的特点是没有上下文就没意思。
7. 阅读理解训练时,教会学生将文章、题干、选项统一起来,
在理解的基础上,领会考查内容。
8. 阅读理解不是考查学生语法知识,做答时不能忽略细节,要
利用细节对文意进行推理和判断,看各选项在意思上有什么不
同,切勿忽视做题的第一印象。
5.3.3 阅读理解训练
Louis Armstrong had two famous nicknames (绰号). Some people called him Bigmouth.
They said his mouth looked like a large bag, Musicians often called him Pops,
as a sign of respect for his influence (影响) on the world of music.
Born in 1901 in New Orleans, be grew up poor, but lived among great musicians.
Jazz was invented in the city a few years before his birth. Armstrong often said,“
Jazz and I grew up together.”
Armstrong showed a great talent (天赋) for music when he was taught to play the
cornet (短号) at a boy’s home. In his late teens, Armstrong began to live the life
of a musician. He played in parades, clubs, and on the steamboats that traveled
on the Mississippi River. At that time, New Orleans was famous for the new music
of jazz and was home to many great musicians. Armstrong learned from the older
musicians and soon became respected as their equal.
In 1922 he went to Chicago. There, the tale of Louis Armstrong begins.
From then until the end of his life, Armstrong was celebrated and loved wherever
he went Armstrong had no equal when it came to playing the American popular song.
His cornet playing had a deep humanity (仁爱) and warmth that caused many listeners
to say, “Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over. ”He was the father of the
jazz style(风格) and also one of the best-known and most admired people in the world.
His death, on July 6,1971, was headline news around the world.
41.Armstrong was called Pops because he
.
A. looked like a musician
B. was a musician of much influence
C. showed an interest in music D. traveled to play modern music
42.The third paragraph is developed
.
A. by space B. by examples C. by time D. by comparison
43.Which statement about Armstrong is true?
A. His tale begins in New Orleans.
B. He was born before jazz was invented.
C. His music was popular with his listeners.
D. He learned popular music at a boy’s home.
44.Which would be the best title for the text?
A. The Invention of the Jazz Music B. The Father of the Jazz Style
C. The Making of a Musician
D. The Spread of Popular Music
B C C B
6. 单词拼写
6.1 陕西历年高考英语单词拼写命题统计
2006年
2007年
题号
单词
字母
词性
词形
题号
单词
字母
词性
词形
66
accident
8
n.
原形
66
leaves
6
n.
复数
67
breathing
9
v.
进行
67
republic
8
adj.
原形
68
foolishly
9
ad.
原形
68
impossible
10
adj.
原形
69
protect
7
v.
原形
69
ceiling
7
n.
原形
70
tasty
5
adj.
原形
70
suddenly
8
ad.
原形
71
geography
9
n.
原形
71
forgive
7
v.
原形
72
starved
7
v.
过去
72
recognized
10
v.
过去
73
bargain
7
n.
原形
73
possession
10
n.
原形
74
improved
8
v.
过分
74
Winning
7
v.
进行
75
congratulations 15
n.
复数
75
Exhibition
10
n.
原形
2008年
2009年
题号
单词
字母
词性
词形
题号
单词
字母
词性
词形
66
curious
7
adj.
原形
66
dream
5
n.
原形
67
divide
6
v.
原形
67
attend
6
v.
原形
68
temperature
11
n.
原形
68
climbed
7
v.
过去
69
twelfth
7
num.
原形
69
finger
6
n.
原形
70
regretting
10
v.
进行
70
lawyer
6
n.
原形
71
strictly
8
ad.
原形
71
widely
6
ad.
原形
72
materials
9
n.
复数
72
plastic
7
adj.
原形
73
neighbor
9
n.
原形
73
central
7
adj.
原形
74
spread
6
v.
过分
74
welcoming
9
v.
进行
75
blanket
7
n.
原形
75
weaknesses
10
n.
复数
2010年
2011年
题号
单词
字母
词性
词形
题号
单词
字母
词性
词形
66
speed
5
n.
原形
66
fresh
5
adj.
原形
67
eager
5
adj.
原形
67
peace
5
n.
原形
68
habit
5
n.
原形
68
inventing
9
v.
现分
69
absent
6
adj.
原形
69
compete
7
v.
原形
70
explain
7
v.
原形
70
October
7
n.
原形
71
discussing
10
v.
现分
71
disappear
9
v.
原形
72
encourage
9
v.
原形
72
fluently
8
ad.
原形
73
pretended
9
v.
过去
73
hobbies
7
n.
复数
74
minutes
7
n.
复数
74
published
9
v.
过去
75
deeply
6
ad.
原形
75
apology
7
n.
原形
2012年
2013年
题号
单词
字母
词性
词形
题号
66
pure
4
adj.
原形
66
67
afford
6
v.
原形
67
68
Tuesday
7
n.
原形
68
69
serious
7
adj.
原形
69
70
progress
8
n.
原形
70
71
artists
7
n.
复数
71
72
promised
8
v.
过去
72
73
approach
8
v.
原形
73
74
imagining
9
v.
进行
74
75
confidently
11
ad.
原形
75
单词
字母
词性
词形
陕西历年高考英语单词拼写命题词性分布统计表
年
份
词性
副词
平均
字母数
原型
个数
名词
复数
动词
ED
动词
ING
动词
名词
形容词
2006
4
4
2007
3
2008
大
写
1
1
8.4
6
1
2
1
0
4
2
1
8.3
7
1
1
1
2
3
4
2
1
8.0
7
1
1
1
0
2009
3
4
2
1
6.9
7
1
1
1
0
2010
4
3
2
1
6.9
7
1
1
1
0
2011
4
4
1
1
7.4
7
1
1
1
1
2012
4
3
2
1
7.5
7
1
1
1
1
6.2 《课程标准》单词拼写项目表基本内容
大纲所列3500个单词
《考试说明》对单词拼写的要求 根据括号内的汉语提示,
写出对应单词的完整的正确形式。
6.3.1 单词拼写题应对策略
词性法 名词数,动词形;形副只需写原形
三步法 一定词根,二定词性, 三定词尾
6.3.2 单词识记法
1)音形结合记忆
掌握字母在单词中的发音,通过音形结合来记单词,学习效果事半功倍。
2)分式记忆(不规则动词)
○1AAA式 put put put, set set set, cut cut cut等。
○2ABB式 buy bought bought, bring brought brought等。
○3ABA式 come came come, become became become, run ran run等。
○4ABC式 do did done, draw drew drawn, fly flew flown等。
○5AAB式 beat beat beaten等。
3)分类记忆
将同一类的单词归纳在一起记忆。例如:表示文具类的pencil, ball-pen, ink等。
4)对比记忆
将意义相反的单词归纳在一起记忆。例如:right-left, forget-remember等。
5)区别记忆
将同义词或近义词、同音词或近音词以及形似词归纳起来记忆。
如同义词或近义词learn, study; have on, wear, dress, put on, pull on,
be dressed in; perhaps, maybe, probably; big, great ,large, huge;
look after ,take care of, tend; pull, draw, drag等;
同音词、近音词write, right; meat, meet; rise, rice; food, foot; leave, live等;
形似词quite, quilt, quick, quiz; bed, bad; beg, bag等。
6)分解记忆
对一些复合词采用此方法帮助记忆。
例如:classroom-class+room; playground-play+ground 等。
7)联想记忆
运用联想来记忆单词。例如:有school联想到classmate, headmaster等。
8)前后缀记忆
利用前后缀帮助记忆。例如:careful-careless-carefully-carelessly;
happy-happiness-happily-unhappy;
agree-agreement-disagree-disagreeable-disagreement等。
9)连词成句成文记忆
把英语单词、短语组成句子。每日几句,进行两两对话。
或组成一个小短文,然后熟读背诵。
10)筛选淘汰记忆法
按照陕西高考说明中的3500个词汇,第一遍3500个全记,
第二遍只记可以用来进行单词拼写命题的词汇(比如说2000个),
第三遍只记2000个词汇中还未记住的,以此类推,逐个筛选淘汰记忆。
11)阅读记忆
把原来学过课文重新阅读,通过上下文记忆,
可以有效地防止遗忘,提高记忆效率。即所谓记忆单词要“词不离句”的道理。
7. 短文改错
7.1 陕西历年高考英语改错命题考点分布统计表
2006年 110词 书信 介绍M大学 内容贴近考生
题号
答案
错误类型 词性
考点
76
are→ is
错误
v.
主谓一致
77
far
删除
adj.
词组辨析
正确
78
79
course→ courses
错误
n.
数
80
it
删除
指示pron.
指代重复
81
particular→ particularly
错误
同根adj.转换成ad. 修饰语
82
that→ whether
错误
conj.
逻辑
83
to
添加
infinitive
搭配
84
arrived→ arrive
错误
v.
时态
85
or→ and
错误
conj.
逻辑
2007年 125词 记叙 比较中学和大学学习之不同 内容贴近考生
题号 答案
错误类型
词性
考点
76
the
添加
art.
所指
77
lesson→ lessons
错误
n.
数
78
paid→ pay
错误
v.
时态
79
were
删除
v.
语态
正确
80
81
on→ in
错误
prep.
词组辨析
82
can→ could
错误
v.
时态
83
late→ later
错误
同根adj.转换成ad.
修饰语
84
study→ studying
错误
v.
词组匹配
85
it
删除
pron.
指代重复
2008年 120词 记叙 描述大家弃置电影票的情节 内容贴近考生
题号 答案
76
love→ loves
错误类型
词性
考点
错误
v.
主谓一致
正确
77
78
on→ for
错误
prep.
词组辨析
79
terribly→ terrible
错误
同根ad.转换成adj.
修饰语
80
it
删除
指示pron.
指代重复
81
ticket→ tickets
错误
n.
数
82
to
添加
infinitive
搭配
83
while→ when
错误
conj.
逻辑
84
the
删除
art.
所指
85
has→ had
错误
v.
时态
2009年 130词 记叙 描述同学们助人为乐的故事 内容贴近考生
题号 答案
错误类型 词性
考点
76
breaking →broken
错误
同根adj. 转换
词义辨析
77
ran →run
错误
v.
时态
78
the
删除
art.
所指
正确
79
80
patiently→ patient
错误
同根ad.转换成adj.
修饰语
81
and
添加
conj.
逻辑
82
book→ books
错误
n.
数
83
study→ studying
错误
v.
词组
84
fast→ faster
错误
adj.
级别
85
in
添加
prep.
词组辨析
2010年 110词 记叙 描述作者和妹妹购物时遇到的趣事 内容贴近考生
题号 答案
错误类型
词性
考点
76
are→ were
错误
v.
时态
77
it
添加
指示pron.
特指
78
a→ the
错误
art.
所指
79
his→ her
错误
物主pron.
性一致
80
hardly→ hard
错误
同根ad.转换
修饰语
81
to
添加
不定式
搭配
82
was
删除
v.
语态
83
that→ which
错误
conj.
逻辑
84
embarrassing →embarrassed
错误
同根adj.转换
意义
85
for→ but
错误
conj.
逻辑
2011年 115词 记叙 描述作者和自己在街道上偶然遇到的自己喜欢的电影
明星拍照签名的事情 内容贴近考生
题号 答案
错误类型
词性
考点
76
make→ making
错误
v.
动词形
77
actor→ actors
错误
n.
数
78
but→ and
错误
conj.
逻辑
79
it
添加
pron.
特指
80
have→ had
错误
v.
时态
81
everywhere→ anywhere
错误
ad.
逻辑
82
disappointing→ disappointed 错误
同根adj.转换
意义
83
of
添加
prep.
搭配
84
the
删除
art.
意义
85
had→ have
错误
v.
时态
2012年 115词 记叙 描述作者和父亲在北京游玩时对所住的南湖宾馆的感受
内容贴近考生
题号 答案
错误类型 词性
考点
76
visit→ visited
错误
v.
动词时态
77
but→ and/so
错误
conj.
逻辑
78
to
删除
prep.
搭配
79
comfortably→ comfortable 错误
同根ad.转换成adj.
修饰语
80
were→ was
错误
v.
主谓一致
81
for→ with
错误
prep.
搭配
82
taking→ taken
错误
v.
动词形
83
dish→ dishes
错误
n.
数
84
a
添加
art.
特指
85
me→ mine
错误
pron.
意义
陕西历年高考英语改错命题词性分布统计表
年
份
词性错误
名词
动词
形容词
副词
连词
代词
冠词
06
1
2
1
1
2
1
07
1
4
1
0
0
1
1
08
1
2
0
1
1
1
09
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
10
介词
不定
式
添
加
删
除
1
to
it far
1
0
the
were it
1
1
1
to
it the
0
1
1
0
and in the
2
2
1
0
1
it to
was
11
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
it of
the
12
1
3
1
0
1
1
1
2
0
a
to
7.2 《课程标准》对短文改错无明确要求
《考试说明》指出 文中有十处错误,
其中包括词法,句法,行文逻辑等。
7.3.1 短文改错应试口诀
速读识大意,
句中查错误,
名词数 动词形,
形副级别及互换,
连词(not)查逻辑,
代词(it)看一致,
冠词添删(to)与互换,介词(to)多在搭配中。
7.3.2 短文改错应试举例
2013级高三1班大联考三学生试卷写作句中纠错学案
探究内容:学生习作中的字、词、句错误(见下文)
探究方法:分析法;归纳法;
探究目标:熟练语言写作知识点; 三角度提高英语写作技能
1. I’m glad that you will deal with the problem quickly。
2. I bought a Apollo pen in Julian’s on Sept. 5th.
3. I believe you will give me a good news.
4. I send you the letter with pen.
5. Two month ago, I bought a pen of Apollo from Julian’s.
6. Every customer want to have a convenient tool that has a good quality
7. More and more people will go if the market have a good fame.
8. To my anger, the pen always leaks drops of ink as long as I uses it.
9. A dear paper is spotted many blots.
10. I’ll wait your pen.
7.3.2 短文改错应试举例
1. I have to say the pen from your mall is with poor quality.
2. The moment I wrote in it, the ink went out.
3. I think you should be responsible to this problem.
4. Additionally, please be sure this pen’s quality.
5. I asked you return my money which I spent to bought this pen.
6. I’m looking forward to receive your reply.
7. I didn’t pass in the last exam as a result of some blots on the paper.
8. Sorry to bother you but I think I should complain something to you.
9. I can take the pen to your company, hoping you can deal with.
10. With good quality, not only can customers buy more articles in your
Julian’s but also they can convey more advertisements to promote your
company’s development so that will bring about more belief and profit.
7.3.2 短文改错应试举例
1. Both of the two ways is ok.
2. I believe that your Julian’s will become more stronger.
3. On the other hand, you can send me a real good one.
4. I believe you will give me a satisfied answer.
5. Personally, I think your staff should check the products
one by one and take away all the unqualified ones to
in case of others buying them unconsciously.
6.I think you can take another good pen to me.
7.It is the pen that I carry to you with the mail.
8.However, there exists so serious a problem that I must
inflect it to you immediately.
9.I’m a common customer who bought an Apollo pen on 5th September.
10.So I want to accuse you to it and send back the pen with the letter.
Welcome
to my class
Welcome
to my class
Welcome
to my class
归纳各年高考
对照课标说明
确立应试模式
8. 短文写作
8.1 陕西历年高考英语写作命题统计
2006年要求考生就中文表格提纲所给的暑假呆在家中及外出旅游的四个优缺点
写一篇80-120词的短文,并谈谈自己的看法。作文开头文未给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整。
2007年要求考生就英文报纸互动区间提纲所给的暑假打零工的优缺点
写一篇不少于80词的稿件,并给出自己的具体建议。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整。
2008年要求考生就英文通知要点所给的周五读报的优点
写一篇不少于80词的发言稿,并提出自己的具体建议。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整。
2009年要求考生就英文帖子要点所给的高三学生即将步入大学过程中的困惑
写一篇不少于80词的回帖,并提出解决问题的具体建议。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整。
2010年要求考生就中文提示所给的信息给你校不久前返回美国的外教
Sue Wood写一篇表达她在过去的一年里对你帮助的感激之情,
介绍她离开后你班里及自己发生的事情,希望了解她的近况,
字数不少于100词的电子邮件。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整,
邮件中不能体现本人真实信息。
2011年要求考生根据中英文提示所给的信息就Tiger mom教育孩子的
苛刻做法写一篇字数不少于100词的博客回复。
要求发表看法,陈述理由,提出建议。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整,
邮件中不能体现本人真实信息。
2012年要求考生根据中英文及图画提示所给的信息就教师节班级活动
情况写一篇字数不少于100词的校刊稿件。
要点包括活动的策划,教师的布置,活动的内容,你的感想。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,详略得当,结构完整,语义连贯,
书写清晰工整,邮件中不能体现本人真实信息。
陕西历年高考英语写作命题统计表
年份 内容
体裁
2006
短文
2007
稿件
2008
发言稿
2009
跟帖
2010
电子邮件
2011
博客回复
2012
校刊投稿
开头
已给
已给
已给
已给
已给
已给
已给
试题要求
指定区域
书写清晰
卷面工整
结构完整
语义连贯
内容充实
详略得当
词数
80---120
≥80
≥80
≥80
≥100
≥100
≥100
8.2.1 《课程标准》提出的写作技能与试题设计
测试要点
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
内容清楚连贯
结构完整
逻辑性强
主题突出
用词文体恰当
测试方式
说明
1. 短文写作(日记,小故事) 1. 写作任务,话题,
2. 实用性写作(卡片,信件, 语言结构,文体等要
说明,留言,填写表格)
求应与高中学生认知
3. 图文信息转换(图标描述, 能力发展,生活体验
信息解读,写配图说明)
和语言能力相适应
4. 接续完成文章
2. 文段长度依写作任
5. 写电子邮件
务和测试长度要求可
控制在50——200词
左右
要求1
《普通高中英语课程标准》
高考写作评价基本标准
要点完备
结构完整
措辞适当
语意连贯
主题突出
文体恰当
要求2
《高考英语考试大纲说明》
对高考写作的要求
(1)准确使用语法和词汇
(2)使用一定的句型、词汇,
清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思
要求3
高考英语陕西说明
书面表达第四档(19~24分)要求
完成了试题规定的任务。
---覆盖所有写作要点,陈述较充分。
---应用的语法结构和词汇能够
满足写作任务的要求。
---语法结构和词汇方面有些许错误,主要
表现在较复杂语法结构或常用词汇层面。
---语句间应用简单的连接成分,
全文结构比较紧凑。
达到了预期的写作目的。
要求3
高考英语陕西说明
书面表达第五档(25~30分)要求
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
---覆盖所有写作要点,陈述充分。
---应用不同语法结构和词汇。
---语法结构和词汇方面有个别错误,主要
表现在较复杂语法结构或常用词汇层面。
具有较强的语言运用能力。
---语句间有效使用连接成分,全文结构紧凑。
达到了预期的写作目的。
要求4
陕西高考英语
试题书面表达要求
指定区域 书写工整
内容充实 结构完整
详略得当 语意连贯
Assessment Criteria for NMET Writing
1.《课标写作要求》要点完备 语意连贯 结构完整
主题突出 措辞适当 文体恰当
2.《大纲写作要求》准确使用语法和词汇;使用一定的
句型、词汇,清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。
3.《说明写作要求》覆盖所有写作要点,陈述充分;
应用不同语法结构和词汇;语法结构和词汇方面
有个别错误,主要表现在较复杂语法结构或常用
词汇层面;语句间有效使用连接成分,
全文结构紧凑;达到了预期的写作目的。
4.《试题写作要求》内容充实
详略得当
结构完整
语意连贯
词形
词性
句型
Words
Phrases
Sentences
词义
词配
句间
Approaches to the Assessment
Criteria for NMET Writing
高考英语作文常见
达标整合训练方法
训练1:范文赏析法
Dear Editor,
Words Phrases and Sentences
At present, blog has become very popular. And many a student in our class
has begun to use it frequently to voice their viewpoints, which, however, lots
of parents and teachers think, not only takes up students’ too much time but
also gets them less energetic. So, they hold the negative view about it.
In my opinion, every coin has two sides. On one hand, there is no denying
that blogging makes it more convenient for people to keep in touch and
communicate with each other. But on the other hand, it is definite that not
only does using blog take bloggers much energy but also some students may be
addicted to blogging, paying little attention to their study, which as a result,
will attach a bad effect to their learning in the long run. So I sincerely
propose we students should take advantage of blog reasonably, not just deny
it or even abandon ourselves to it unconsciously.
How about your personal view?
Yours truly,
Li Hua (160words )
训练2:语篇完善法
Mistake Correction
in Passage
News from Xinhua Agency reported that the strongest girl in the NMT,
who named Xiao Li, was admitted by Guizhou University this year.
Xiao Li, who was born in a poor agricultural family. Unfortunately,
she was diagnosed that caught cancer when she was in grade 2of high
school. Nevertheless, she didn’t struck down by the illness.
On the contrary, she not only study harder and harder, but also
look for the doctors. To our surprises, she got a great score and
come true her dream. So, let’s send best wishes to her.
And from her story, I find that how luckily we are!
I hold the view that we should work hard to come true our dreams,
becoming useful people for the society.
Best wishes to the people who have dreams to achieve.
训练3:问题与建议型作文套路法
Composition Structure
In recent days, we have faced a problem that…
We have solutions to it. By doing …., we can…
What’s more …, Additionally, …,
Last but not least,
In a word, it is obvious that…
Only when… can we ….
陕西历年高考英语写作命题
2006年要求考生就中文表格提纲所给的暑假呆在家中及外出旅游的四个优缺点
写一篇80-120词的短文,并谈谈自己的看法。作文开头文未给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整。
2007年要求考生就英文报纸互动区间提纲所给的暑假打零工的优缺点
写一篇不少于80词的稿件,并给出自己的具体建议。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整。
2008年要求考生就英文通知要点所给的周五读报的优点
写一篇不少于80词的发言稿,并提出自己的具体建议。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整。
2009年要求考生就英文帖子要点所给的高三学生即将步入大学过程中的困惑
写一篇不少于80词的回帖,并提出解决问题的具体建议。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整。
2010年要求考生就中文提示所给的信息给你校不久前返回美国的外教
Sue Wood写一篇表达她在过去的一年里对你帮助的感激之情,
介绍她离开后你班里及自己发生的事情,希望了解她的近况,
字数不少于100词的电子邮件。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整,
邮件中不能体现本人真实信息。
2011年要求考生根据中英文提示所给的信息就Tiger mom教育孩子的
苛刻做法写一篇字数不少于100词的博客回复。
要求发表看法,陈述理由,提出建议。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,结构完整,语义连贯,书写清晰工整,
邮件中不能体现本人真实信息。
2012年要求考生根据中英文及图画提示所给的信息就教师节班级活动
情况写一篇字数不少于100词的校刊稿件。
要点包括活动的策划,教师的布置,活动的内容,你的感想。作文开头已给。
要求指定区域答题,内容充实,详略得当,结构完整,语义连贯,
书写清晰工整,邮件中不能体现本人真实信息。
训练4:句子翻译
Words Phrases
and Sentences
1. 我是李华,铜川的一个学生。
I’m Li Hua, a student from Tongchuan.
2. 与其他老师相比,莫尔先生更注意教学方法。
Compared with other teachers, Mr. More attaches much
more attention to teaching approaches.
3. 驴友们下了山,胆战心惊。
Mountaineers went down, frightened.
4. 我们学生应当通过努力而不是作弊来获得好成绩。
We students should make efforts to achieve excellent grades instead of cheating.
5. 天气允许的话我们就去药王山。
Weather permitting, we will go to Mountain Yaowang.
训练5:句式变换
Sentence
Patterns
(1) He didn’t come to the meeting yesterday because he was ill.
Being ill, he failed to attend the meeting yesterday.
His illness accounted for his absence from the meeting yesterday.
(2) I’ll thank you if you think about my application.
Gratefulness will be given to you if you take my application into account.
I’d greatly appreciate it if you will take my application into good consideration.
4. Many people are worried about the problem of air pollution.
The problem of air pollution has caused wide public concern.
Great concern has been on the increase among people about the problem of air pollution.
5. More and more teachers have bought cars in recent years.
More and more people can afford to buy cars of their own.
The number of people,who have access to their own cars,has risen sharply in the recent years.
训练6:句子扩写
Content Richness
1. The boy is playing.
2. The boy is playing basketball.
3. The boy is playing basketball on the playground.
4. The boy is playing basketball on the playground happily.
5. The boy who plays truant is playing basketball on the
playground happily and excitedly.
6. The boy who plays truant is playing basketball on the playground
happily and excitedly, which is his favorite sport.
1. Tom was watching TV.
2. Tom was watching TV at home.
3. Tom was watching TV alone at home.
4. Tom was watching TV alone at home, eating an apple .
5. Tom was watching TV alone at home, eating an apple deliciously.
训练7:单句改错
Mistake
Correction
in Words
1. As we can see, Xiao Li is an
a optimistic girl.
2. Send congratulations to her and hope she will be happy every day.
3. Xiao Li, like
as other many ordinary girls, is from a countryside family.
is a moving story.
4. There has
satisfying grade, which was 544.
5. Xiao Li got a satisfied
born
6. She was borned
in an ordinary family.
7. To her relieve
relief , she got a mark of 544 in 2012 NMET.
Ill though she was, she didn’t give up.
8. Illness
Only we
whentry
weour
try our
willwe
we succeed.
succeed.
bestbest
will
11. Only
is that we are moved greatly.
is she
12. So brave she
13. Neither was
did she beaten by the illness nor did she give up her study.
训练8:句首多变
Expression Variety
Dear Manager,
1. I feel so disappointed to write to you, the manager of Julian’s, about
a pen bought on September 5th in your Julian’s because it has some trouble in use.
2. There being a need for a pen, I made up my mind to buy one in your
shopping mall, for having learnt some good assessment about Julian’s.
3. Satisfied with the pen named Apollo, I packed it and returned home,
only to find it leak blots while being used.
4. So angry was I that I should have gone to see you and asked for my money.
5. Nevertheless, I calmed myself and complained to you about the matter
by means of a letter with the poor pen enclosed.
6. As to this trouble, which has had a bad effect on my mood, I suggest
that you change a new pen for me and make an apology.
7. More importantly, you should realize this seriousness of this problem.
8. Looking forward to your reply and a new changed pen.
Yours, Sincerely
Li Hua
Expression Variety
Dear Li Hua,
1. I have received your letter, and there is some advice to you.
2. It is important for you to find what you are interested in.
3. You should choose a profession that suits you.
4. You should know the college’s professor before you choose
one profession.
5. And you also can find some students from different colleges.
6. You can ask them some questions about their school life,
school rules and other things you want.
7. And you can visit some schools that you want to go,
then you will make sure what colleges and profession you will choose.
8. Hope you can find a great profession.
Best wishes
Yours,
Editor
训练9:句间衔接 Transition Between Sentence
1.On one hand, I am your manager, and on the other hand,
I am your friend.
2. Japan is not a big country. On the contrary, it is very small.
3. Red is attractive. Many fast food restaurants, therefore ,
have red furniture or wall.
4. You cannot write without a pen. Likewise , you cannot cook
without rice.
5. They are wasting resources.In other words,they use too much time,
energy and money.
6. Some say Switzerland is a nice place to live in. Others say
it is too competitive. To sum up ,some like it; some do not.
7. I didn’t go to the party with them. Instead , I went to help an
old lady with her housework.
Transition Between Sentence
Dear Manager,
1. I am a 17-year-old boy, who is studying in a Senior High School.
2. The reason why I send this letter to you is that the Apollo pen that
I bought in your Julian’s on September 5 is really a bad one.
3.Hardly had I bought it when I wrote with it happily.
4.But to my disappointment, when I used it to write, it would make my paper dirty.
5.I also send the pen to you together with the letter because I can’t bear it any more.
6.I strongly suggest that you offer me a new good pen which won’t make blots.
7.Only in this way can your Julian’s reputation be improved.
8.Finally, I believe you can deal with this complaint successfully, which will surely
have a positive influence on your company in the long run.
9.I’m waiting for your response.
Yours, Sincerely
Li Hua (140words)
Transition Between Sentence
Dear Manager,
1. I am a 17-year-old boy, who is studying in a Senior High School.
2. the reason why I send this letter to you is that the Apollo pen that
I bought in your Julian’s on September 5 is really a bad one.
3.Hardly had I bought it when I wrote with it happily.
4.But to my disappointment, when I used it to write, it would make my paper dirty.
6.I strongly suggest that you offer me a new good pen which won’t make blots.
7.Only in this way can your Julian’s reputation be improved.
5.I also send the pen to you together with the letter because I can’t bear it any more.
8.Finally, I believe you can deal with this complaint successfully, which will surely
have a positive influence on your company in the long run.
9.I’m waiting for your response.
Yours, Sincerely
Li Hua (140words)
训练10:规范书写
Paper Beauty
Approaches to the Assessment Criteria
for NMET Writing and Their key Functions
规范书写 Beauty
句子翻译 Expression
范文赏析 Expression
句式变换 Pattern
语篇完善 Expression
句子扩写 Richness
作文套路 Structure
句首多变 Variety
详略得当 Weight
句间衔接 Transition
Optimisticism
单句改错 Word
五步写作过程
慢读题→列提纲→ 打草稿→仔细改→认真誊
十二写作要点
卷面 字数 结构 衔接 单词 词组 句法
时态 人称 语态 标点 大小写
两观五步十二点
优秀作文特点
1. 卷面的美观性。Beauty(美观性)指的是卷面书写规范、清楚、
整洁,印象分高。
2. 布局的层次性。Layer(层次性)指的是合理布局文章结构。
在文章思路、组织材料、叙述顺序等方面要有一定的条理性,
各段之间要层次分明,要重视每一段的开头和结尾,
开头往往是总起句,结尾往往是总结句。
3. 句间流畅性。Fluency (连贯性) 指根据整篇文章思想的需要,
有效采用不同的连接手段,使文章层次清楚、行文连贯,有节奏感。
4. 选词的准确性。Accuracy(准确性)指要求写出语法正确的句子,
包括时态、语态、人称、用词和句法等,要准确、地道地表达。
5. 内容的充实性。 Abundance(充实性)就是能够借助实例使文章
词数合适,读起来不但有骨头架子,而且有血有肉,有理有据。
6. 句式的多样性 。Diversity(多样性)就是能随情景内容的变化
写出句式多样的语句。多样性是新课程标准对写作的评价标准之一,
也是高考作文采分的亮点。适当运用诸如主从复合句,并列复合句,
倒装句,强调句,非谓语动词, with复合结构,以及高级词汇等。
1
2
语
音
字母
组合
话
题
24项
话题
复 习 框 架 总 结
3
4
5
6
单
选
24项
语法
完
型
叙事
阅读
阅
读
多样
阅读
拼
写
句中
拼写
归 纳 各 年 高 考
对 照 课 标 说 明
确 立 应 试 模 式
7
8
改
错
语篇
改错
写
作
短文
创作
Many Thanks to
Your Company