Transcript John Wyclif or Wycliffe

John Wyclif or Wycliffe
At least 28 different
spellings
John Wycliffe
Prominent in 1350
as an English
Reformer during the
Great Schism.
Born between 1320
& 1330 in
Ipresswell, England
About 44 miles NW
of York.
Hapswell, England
John Wycliffe
Educated at Oxford
(same place as
William of Ockham
or Occam)
At this time Oxford
was a RCC
University
He was a strong
scholar,
philosopher, and
theologian who
was a platotist or
realist as opposed
to nominalist.
3 Views that were very
controversial
Opposed the ability of the corrupt
church to collect taxes. (This made him
popular with the government.)
Opposed the corrupt civil authorities
(oops there goes his popularity)
Opposed transubstantiation had a “real
presence” view of communion
John Wycliffe
His followers translated the Bible into
English from the Vulgate. Was revised
by John Purvey in 1384.
Died Dec 31, 1384 of a stroke and
buried on church grounds.
John Wycliffe
Declared a heretic
at the Council of
Constance 1415
was exhumed,
burned and his
ashes were thrown
into the Swift River.
Major Views of John
Wycliffe
Sola Scriptura, the Bible is the only
authoritative guide for faith and practice.
Attacked the institution of the Papacy –
said only Christ was (is) the head of the
church. Also said the Pope could sin.
A true church has only two orders Elder
and Deacon. Thus denying the various
orders of monks and nuns.
Major Views of John
Wycliffe
Clergy can get married.
Denied Baptismal regeneration.
Denied transubstantiation held real
presence view same as would Martin
Luther
Major Views of John
Wycliffe
Against Crusades
indulgences. And
religious orders.
Taught
Predestination but
not real clear on
Justification by faith
(per James
Stitzinger)
Major Views of John
Wycliffe
Followers called the
Lollards or
mumblers
John Huss
A Bohemian (modern
day Czechoslovakia)
Attended University of
Prague and in 1401
became Dean of the
philosophical faculty—a
humanist
He became a highly
respected preacher in
Bohemia.
John Huss
He adopted many of
Wycliffe’s views about
1403
Preached against
abuses in RCC
(Indulgences, Popes,
Crusades)
Huss’ preaching led to
tremendous criticism
and Huss had to flee to
Southern Bohemia.
John Huss
A Council was called
to quell the
controversy
HRE Emperor
Sigismund called
the Council of
Constance in 1414
to settle the Papal
schism and elect a
new Pope Martin V
Pope Martin V
John Huss
Huss invited
promised safety &
came reluctantly
A month later he is
invited to the Papal
Palace but is thrown
in jail
There he was given
a sort of mock trial
John Huss
June granted a public
hearing not to give his
side—but to answer
false trumped up
charges 39 articles
Declared an obstinate
heretic and a disciple
of Wycliffe—was
deposed (disposed)
stripped of priesthood
and burned outside the
city.
Huss’ Doctrine
Three Kinds of Faith
Faith about God
Faith that God and
the Word exists
Faith formed in
love
Three Places to Put
Faith
Man’s preparation
The Pope
Bible as source of
authority
Huss’ Doctrine
Well-articulated views on the Church
Not clear on Predestination
“I indeed confess that I hold the true
opinions which master John Wyclif,
Professor of Sacred theology, taught,
not because he declared them, but
because Scripture and infallible reason
declare them” John Huss
2 Forms of Followers
Hussites &
Morovians
Hussites – turned
back to Catholic
Morovians – more
toward Luther
Hussites
William Tyndale 1494-1536
Born in Gloucestershire,
studied from 1510-1515
at Magdalene Hall
Oxford and later at
Cambridge
Received persecution in
England, he fled to the
HRE (Germany) and
never came back
Known for his translation
of the New Testament
which he completed in
Germany in 1525
William Tyndale
Frequently revised his
translation all his life.
Also translated several
O.T. books. His
translation was from the
original languages.
Had a tough life! Was
shipwrecked once
where he lost his
manuscripts. Had
secret agents (007)
following him. Police
raids at his printer, often
betrayed by friends
William Tyndale
Lesson—Satan
doesn’t want God’s
word out there.
In 1535, he was
arrested, imprisoned
at Vilvorde, near
Brussels. Strangled
and burned at the
stake Oct. 6, 1536
William Tyndale -- Major
Doctrines
Stress on the authority of Scripture
Held to a pure church
Opposed baptismal regeneration
Justification by faith
Held Zwingli’s view of the Lord’s Supper
as a memorial
(W. Tyndale—from class notes. 2000
Master’s Seminary, James Stitzinger)
Girolamo Savonarola 14521498
A RCC Reformer
An Italian Reformer in
Florence who joined the
Dominicans in 1474
after a girl dumped
him
A follower of Thomas
Aquinas but not a very
good priest
Girolamo Savonarola
Became an
excellent preacher;
settled in Florence.
Preached against
the materialism and
sins of the city
Kept the French
King Charles VIII
from invading
Florence
King Charles VIII
Girolamo Savonarola
Led Florence to flee
their immorality and
pleasure loving by
having huge pyramid
shaped bon-fires where
people threw gambling
equipment, cosmetics,
fancy furniture, false
hair etc
Girolamo Savonarola
Pope Alex VI tried to
win him back to the
RCC by offering him a
position as Cardinal
Savonarola denounced
the Pope then was
excommunicated
1498 he was arrested,
tried for heresy, hanged
then burned. During his
torture he recanted
several times but they
burned him anyway.
Pope Alex VI
Girolamo Savonarola
Doctrinal Views
Not as evangelistic
as Wycliffe more a
moral preacher.
Ascetic in nature
Was submissive to
the RCC said
“Whoever departs
from the (RCC)
Church departs from
Christ”
Preached moral
action
Augustinian view of
salvation—as a gift
of God
Had visions and
prophecy