Transcript Presentation Title - University of Notre Dame

University of Notre Dame
Department of Risk Management and Safety
2013 General Lab
Refresher Training
Laboratory Safety
Risk Management & Safety
631-5037
http://riskmanagement.nd.edu
Training Includes Chemical and General Lab Safety, Emergency Response,
Personal Protective Equipment and Hazardous Waste Management Training
Laboratory Risk Assessment
Hazards
 Animals
 *Biologicals
 Chemicals
 *Radiation
•
Hazard Transmission
 Absorption
 Ingestion
 Inhalation
 Injection
If you work with Biolohazards or
radiation, you will need to complete
additional training
Hazard Modifiers
Procedures
Equipment
 Facility
 People
Hazard & risk
must be
communicated to
ALL staff!
Chemical Hazards
There are two general hazard classes that
must be evaluated when assessing the
safety of a chemical:
• Physical Hazards
• Health Hazards
Chemical Hazards: Physical Hazards
 Compressed Gas - cylinders of compressed gas are
under intense pressure. (Hydrogen, Argon, Chlorine gases)
 Corrosivity – strong acids and bases can cause
visible destruction of metals at the site of contact.
(Hydrochloric or sulfuric acids, sodium hydroxide)
 Flammability - both solid and liquid chemicals can
serve as fuel sources to support a fire. (Acetone, methanol, ethyl
acetate, ether)
 Reactivity - many substances will react violently if
allowed contact with air, water or other chemicals.
Friction, shock, light or heat can be enough to
trigger some reactions. (Sodium metal, phosphorous, n-butyl lithium, picric
acid)
 Oxidizability – compounds that release oxygen as
they decompose. React with flammables (potassium
permanganate, sulfuric and nitric acid, ammonium nitrate)
Chemical Hazards: Health Hazards
 Irritants - cause reversible inflammation of skin, eyes or
nasal passages. (Cleaning compounds, powdered salts)
 Sensitizers - cause allergic reaction after repeated
exposures. Individual sensitivities vary. (Cupferron and
hydrazobenzene)
 Carcinogens - alter DNA or cause cells with altered DNA to
multiply. (Benzene, Acetaldehyde, Acrylamide, Acrylonitrile, butadiene)
 Systemic Toxins - typically target a specific organ or system
(liver, kidney, blood, nervous system, reproductive system,
etc.).
 Toxins – based on dose. Anything can be poisonous. (Ethidium
bromide, phenol, Sodium cyanide)
 Corrosives – cause burns to the skin, eyes, mucous
membranes and respiratory tract. HF is not like typical
mineral acids. It is extremely toxic and penetrates to the
bone. Calcium gluconate is the only antidote that should be
used on an HF burn. (Common acids and bases, phenol)
Changes due to
Global Harmonization
• Global harmonization is a regulatory change in
the way hazards are communicated to
employees.
• Material Safety Data Sheets NOW called Safety
Data Sheets. Material (M) has been removed.
• Hazard Pictograms Changes and Additions (see
next slide)
• Labeling: secondary containers must be labeled
with the chemical name and hazard warning (as
listed on the original container).
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Hazard Classes
• The previous slides describe hazard classes and
several examples were given.
• It is your responsibility to understand the
hazards of the materials that you are working
with. Ask your supervisor, check bottle label and
SDS for the products you are working with.
Routes of Entry
Road map to the body
The link between hazardous chemicals and
adverse health effects lies in exposure.
Inhalation
Skin Absorption
Ingestion
Injection
SDS Includes the following:
Product Information
Fire and Explosion
Toxicology
Health Effects
PPE
Storage
Leaks and Spills
Waste Disposal
First Aid
Regulatory Compliance (DOT, SARA,
RCRA)
)
Finding an (M)SDS
• Chemical manufacturers and distributors
CANNOT refuse a request for an (M)SDS.
• There are excellent on-line (M)SDS
databases:
http://www.hazard.com/msds/index.php
http://riskmanagement.nd.edu/safety-policiesconsumer-warnings-and-reports/laboratorypolicies-and-manuals/material-safety-datasheets/
University of Notre Dame
Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP)
 Contains roles and responsibilities of all lab personnel
 Contains information and procedures that laboratory
personnel can use to protect themselves from the
chemicals they work with
 First place to look for answers to questions you might
have regarding chemical or laboratory issues
 Located on Risk Management and Safety website
 http://riskmanagement.nd.edu
 Topics include:
- Emergency Response - Personal Protective Eq.
- Chemical compatibility -Waste Management
- Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)
Personal Protective Equipment
 EVEN IF YOU THINK THE CHEMICALS,BIOLOGICALS OR
RADIOACTIVES ARE NON-HAZARDOUS YOU MUST:
 Wear gloves are required anytime you are handling
chemicals, biologicals and radioactive materials
 Wear eye protection anytime you are handling
chemicals, biologicals, radioactive materials,
doing grinding or milling operations OR are in the lab
where others are working with chemicals that pose
a splash hazard.
Lab coats are required when working with biologicals, high
hazard chemicals and radioactive materials
 Open toed shoes do not protect your feet and ARE NOT
allowed in the laboratory. (NO FLIP FLOPS, SANDALS,
crocs, etc)
PPE should NOT be
worn outside the Laboratory!
Gloves
• Be sure you
know which
type of glove is
appropriate for
the work you
are doing:
• Cryogenics
• Thermal
• Toxics/Solvents
Chemical Fume Hood
Airflow into the hood prevents
chemicals inside from migrating
out into your breathing zone.
If air velocity into the hood is
impeded or slowed, the hoods
ability to capture chemicals is
compromised.
Factors that affect airflow:
•Sash Height – don’t exceed marked max height
•Drafts (people walking behind)
•Bulky objects: blocking baffles or airfoils
Gas Cylinder Safety
• Storage and Handling
– Gas cylinders should not be stored in exits or egress routes
or blocking any safety equipment
– Gas cylinders (excluding lecture bottles) should be stored in
an upright position and with safety caps in place unless in
use.
– Use only the appropriate regulator for the gas
– Gas cylinders must be secured with a chain or appropriate
belt above the midpoint but below the shoulder of the
cylinder
– For further information on safe handling of compressed
gases: http://riskmanagement.nd.edu/training/trainingvideos/
Electrical Safety
• Eliminate frayed or worn wiring
• Never stretch wires across floor
or other equipment.
• Staff should know location of
circuit breakers
• Match size of extension cord to
appliance power cord to
prevent cord overheating.
• Extension cords are not
intended for "permanent"
installations -- appliances shall
be connected to permanently
wired receptacles.
Never store a chemical with a missing
or obscured label
Return bottles to shelf with label facing
outward
Expired Chemicals should NOT be
placed back in storage for use.
Container must be labeled for disposal
through Risk Management and Safety
Broken or leaking bottles need to be
attended to immediately.
All chemicals (including solutions and
chemicals transferred from their original
containers) shall be labeled with their
common names and concentrations
and hazard class.
Example of Poor Storage
Must be written in English and no
personal shorthand/abbreviations
Refrigerators and Freezers
• Ordinary household refrigerators and
freezers constitute a hazard when
used for storage of flammable or
unstable chemicals. These units
produce conditions that can lead to
explosions.
• Domestic refrigerators should not
be used for flammable chemical
storage.
• "Lab-safe" refrigerators and freezers
(designed for storage of flammable
liquids) must be used for flammable
chemicals.
• Refrigerators (and microwaves)
should be labeled “NO FOOD
or DRINK” or similar language
Chemical Waste Disposal
Satellite Accumulation
Container
Label (3 things):
•Compatible and in good
condition
•Has “tight-fitting” closure and
container is closed unless adding
waste.
•Must be labeled as soon as
first drop/mg of waste is put
into the container.
•Words “waste or
“hazardous waste”
•Description or Name of
chemical(s): Solid Waste
and Aqueous Waste are not
ACCEPTABLE descriptions
Secondary Containment Necessary:
•To segregate incompatibles
•IF stored on floor
Chemical Waste Disposal
Satellite Accumulation
EXCEPTION TO
“Container is closed/capped unless adding waste”
If you notice container contents bubbling/off
gassing while filling or after commingling – place
in hood and loosen cap!
Waste
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Chemistry
Acetone
20 Methanol
Chloroform 40
Generator Signs
40
4 Liters
Faculty last name
printed
RM&S use
ONLY
Abbreviations and
formulas NOT acceptable
Person who generates
waste signs form
Emergency Response Basics
Fire
1. Alert others
2. Close doors; pull fire alarm
3. Call 911 or 631-5555 (from cell phone)
4. Use fire extinguisher:
 If trained
 If fire is small
 If you have a way out
 PASS Principle
5. Notify supervisor
6. Call NDFD 631-6200
7. Clean up
Emergency Response Basics
Chemical Spill
1. Alert others
2. Clean up if you can
3. If not, evacuate area.
4. Working hours: call 631-5037
After hours: call 911 or 631-5555
5. Give the following information to
dispatch:
• Call Back Number
• Location of emergency
• Type of emergency
• Chemical or biohazard name
Spill Response
• Be prepared for
emergencies
• Each lab is
responsible to have
appropriate spill
response materials
available
Chemical Spills
Identify the chemical
Assess your ability to safely
contain and clean up the spill:
I CAN safely
clean it up
(spill size, chemical identification,
PPE)
I CANNOT safely
Notify coworkers and
secure the area
Use spill kit to contain and clean
up the spill (MSDS helps)
Call Risk
Management to
confirm clean up
clean it up
Notify coworkers and
vacate/secure the
area
Working hours:
631-5037
After hours call 911
On cell:
574-631-5555
Emergency Response: Medical Emergencies
 Check the scene and victim:
 Scene safe? What happened? How many victims?
 Call 911 or 574-631-5555 (from a cell phone) for
medical help if victim is:
 Unconscious, has trouble breathing, has chest
pain/pressure, bleeding severely, has possible broken
bones, has persistent pressure/pain in abdomen, is
vomiting/passing blood, has seizures, headache or slurred
speech
 Care for victim:
 Only if you are trained, do not move unless you have
training, provide CPR and first aid if trained, comfort victim
until help arrives
Chemical/Biological Exposures
Needle Sticks:
Ocular Exposures:
•Squeeze wound to
draw blood
•Rinse at eyewash
at least 15 minutes
•Hold eye open to
ensure effective
wash
•Identify source
(consent?)
•Wash thoroughly
with soap and water
Dermal Exposures:
•Rinse under drench
shower at least 15
minutes
•Remove all
contaminated
clothing
•Seek Medical Treatment
•Your supervisor must fill out an accident/exposure form
??? Questions ???
• Your Principal Investigator or designee should
review lab specific hazards, personal protective
equipment requirements/certification form and
standard operating procedures.
• If you have any questions regarding what you
have read in this training session, please talk to
your Principal Investigator, supervisor,
Department Safety Coordinator or Risk
Management and Safety.
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Telephone Numbers
• Risk Management and Safety: 631-5037
• Risk Management & Safety website:
www.riskmanagement.nd.edu
• After hours, weekends, holidays:
• Call ND Security:
– 911 from campus phone
– 574-631-5555 from a cell phone
Please Complete Refresher Quiz
• Refresher quiz
If link does not open, right mouse click on it, then click
on open hyperlink.
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