Transcript Document

Past Papers - Focus
Jan 2010 War - Government control because of food?
June 2010 - LWR - Welcomed?
Jan 2011 Women - How important were the suffragists?
June 2011 - War – Did life get worse for civilians?
Jan 2012 Women – Why did women want the vote?
June 2012 - LWR – Why were they introduced?
January 2013 – War – Did people support the War effort?
June 2013 – LWR – Did they improve people’s lives?
Not come up yet…….
Using sources….
What do the letters NOP stand for when thinking about a source?
What might be the purpose of the following?
1.
2.
3.
4.
A political speech
A newspaper article
A diary
A cartoon
Are the following types of sources useful or not useful?
1.
2.
3.
4.
A photo
A Graph of statistics
A source written by an army general
A cartoon produced by the liberals about their Old Aged Pension
What affects a source’s reliability?
What kind of things should you NOT say in responses?
1. What was the Poor Law?
2. In 1900, where could people get help if they fell into poverty?
3. Who were William and Catherine Booth?
4. Where did Charles Booth conduct his study of poverty?
5. What did he discover?
6. Who conducted a study of poverty in York?
7. Describe Seebohm Rowntree’s poverty line
8. What does Laissez Faire mean in the context of the Liberal Welfare Reforms?
9. Who were the ‘New Liberals’ and what did they believe?
10. Name three other reasons why the Liberals introduced welfare reform
11. Which groups of people were helped by the Liberal Welfare Reforms?
12. What year were free school meals introduced?
13. What did the Children’s Act of 1908 do?
14. What conditions were attached to the Old Aged Pension?
14. What year was the National Insurance Act passed?
15. How much was sickness benefit and how long could a man claim it for?
16. How much was unemployment benefit and how long could a man claim it for?
17. What other reform was introduced to help the unemployed?
18. Name 3 limitations of the Liberal Welfare Reforms
19. Which reform was most beneficial to the poor and why
20. On what economic grounds did people object to the reforms?
21. How did the Liberals get round this problem?
22. On what political grounds did people object to the reforms?
June 2008
How far do these two sources show similar attitudes towards England? Use details of the
sources and your knowledge to explain your answer (9)
June 2008
How useful is this source to historians
studying the need to help the poor in
Britain in 1906? (7)
What is the message of this
cartoon?
How far does this source prove that children
benefitted from the Liberal Welfare Reforms?
Why was this cartoon published
in 1908?
1. Name 3 ways in which life had got better for women by 1900
2. Name 3 areas of inequality between men and women in 1900
3. How was the British Empire used an argument both for and against giving
women the vote?
4. Name 2 other arguments against giving women the vote
5. Name 2 other arguments for giving women the vote
6. What were the private and public spheres?
7. Who were the NUWSS and who led them?
8. What was the fundamental difference between them and the WPSU?
9. Name 3 ways in which the NUWSS campaigned
10. How did Millicent Fawcett describe their campaign and why?
11. Describe Emmeline Pankhurst’s style of leadership
12. Put these WSPU actions into chronological order – Emily Davison’s death,
Hunger Strikes, Heckling, Window Smashing
13. Why might it be argued that their campaign tactics were ineffective?
14. How did the two suffrage groups respond to the outbreak of WW1?
15. Write one sentence about women’s role in the following areas of work: Front
line trenches, engineering, munitions and government
16. How did men respond to women entering the work place?
17. Which women were enfranchised in February 1918?
18. How might the Labour Party have influenced this?
19. How important was war work?
20.Did women’s lives change when WW1 ended?
Suffragette or Suffragist?
Less than 10,000 members
Produced mass
propaganda
Heckled MPs
Fully supported the
war effort
Petitions to 10
Downing Street
Led the ‘Mud March’
– a massive rally
focused on women’s
suffrage
Campaigned solely
for female suffrage
Campaigned for
female suffrage and
other women’s rights
About 100,000 members
Emily Davison died
pinning a rosette onto
the King’s horse during a
Organising alternative
derby
meetings for women’s
Leaders fled to Paris
suffrage supporters
The Cat and Mouse
Act was aimed a them
Worked with MPs
during election
campaigns
Led the Women’s
Pilgrimage, where
thousands of women
walked to London,
raising thousands of
pounds
during election
campaigns
Divided over the issue Led a window
of war
smashing campaign
Used hunger strikes
Chained themselves as a political weapon
to railings
Sent a bomb to Lloyd
George’s country
Burned golf courses,
destroyed art work and
home
Led by Emmeline Pankhurst
‘Black Friday’ –
clashes with
police
burned down churches
Led by
Millicent
Fawcett
How far did the war improve life for women?
1. Many men were impressed
with the work women had
done during the war
2. Nearly 1 million women
worked in munition during the
war
6. By 1919, women could be full
5. In 1918, 7 female
candidates stood for election
into the House of Commons
8. In 1919. in Bristol,
unemployed ex-servicemen
rioted and overturned trams
in a bid to force the
Tramways Company to
dismiss the women
conductresses and employ
the men in their place.
9.Women didn’t gain the
same rights as men in
divorce or custody cases
until 1925
4. Towards the end of 1916
magazines and newspapers
began to encourage the idea
of motherhood. In 1916
Mother’s Day was introduced
to emphasise the value of
mothers to the nation.
10. All men over the age of 21
were given the vote in 1918.
There was a concern that
they would vote for the
Labour Party
11. During the war women
began to go to pubs and
restaurants by themselves;
they shortened their skirts
and smoked in public.
12. Over 750,000 men were
killed during the First World
War.
14. The number of
women in domestic
service fell during the
war, from 1.6 million to
just over 1.2 million.
15. None of the political parties
made major changes to their
policies when women were
given the vote.
16. In 1917, the National
Council for the Unmarried
Mother and Child was
founded, showing acceptance
of illegitimacy.
17. By 1919, most women
had returned to the roles they
had had before the war broke
out.
18. The spread of STDs among
soldiers and sailors alarmed the
authorities. In 1916 the
government issued a regulation
which stated that any woman
who infected a serviceman could
be imprisoned.
19. Employment opportunities
for women did increase after
the war, but very gradually.
Not improved
7.The Representation of the
People Act of 1918 gave
propertied women over the
age of 30 the vote. Many MPs
were worried that younger
women would vote for the
Labour Party.
graduates of the universities of
Oxford and Cambridge
3. During the war Asquith
said that women, through
their munitions work, had
done as much for the war
effort as many men.
13. Many landlords put
up rents during the war
to take advantage of
women’s new earnings.
Women across the
country organised rent
strikes and
demonstrations leading
the government to pass
the Rent Restriction Act
which kept rents at 1913
levels.
Not improved
Partially improved
Greatly improved
Question 6:
‘Women were respected in the
period 1890-1918’
How far do the sources and
your own knowledge support
this view?
1. Name 3 things DORA was responsible for.
2. Give three reasons why men volunteered to fight
3. What year was the bombing of Scarborough?
4. What was ‘Business as Usual’ and why was it discouraged?
5. Why was the Derby Scheme introduced?
6. Why was conscription introduced?
7. What were ‘Conchies’
8. When was the film ‘The Battle of the Somme released?’
9. Why was it released?
10. When was voluntary rationing introduced?
11. Was it a success? How do we know?
12. When did Lloyd George become Prime Minister?
13. What was the ‘Munitions crisis’?
14. Why did Trade Unions want women to be paid the same as men?
15. When did the public begin to criticise the war and why?
16. How close did Germany come to ‘starving Britain out of the war’?
17. Give three pieces of evidence that government propaganda worked.
18. Give three examples of people not supporting the war effort
19. When were women given the right to vote?
20.On what date did the war end?
21. What was the British Empire Union?
22.What were David Lloyd George’s concerns as he headed to the Paris Peace
Conference?
Why was this source published in
1915?
How far are you surprised by this source?
February 1918
How useful is this source for
the historian trying to find out
about food supplies during
the First World War?
Why do these two sources gives such
different views of life in Britain during the
First World War?
Economic hardship
Fear of another war
Rationing, No increase in wages, Food
shortages and lack of vital supplies,
limited trade
GB had lent millions of pounds and
owed much more!
This led to economic depression
Lloyd George feared that if the
Germans were punished too harshly
then they would want revenge.
Remembrance became obsessive
ANGER & HOPE
Threat to Empire
Colonies within the Empire were now
moving towards independence.
Blind loyalty to the ‘mother’ country no
longer accepted
BEU campaigned to strengthen the
Empire
Loss of loved ones
Loss of homes
Death of soldiers 750,000 GB, deaths of
civilians killed by bombing and
shelling. Spanish Flu also killed
millions.
Homes destroyed by German
bombers i.e. Scarborough, Kent.
Loss of jobs
French and Belgium homes
destroyed
1,500,000 Injured soldiers. Many were unable to return to work after
the war.
More jobs were available after the war though
Had to be a mass extension of welfare services
How useful is this source to the historian studying the Paris Peace Conference?
Liberal Reforms Revision Timeline
1889-1902 - Boer War, problem of national efficiency highlighted
1889 - Charles Booth publishes his findings on poverty in London
1900 - Labour Party formed
1901 - Seebohm Rowntree publishes his book on poverty in York
1906 - General Election – Liberals win, Herbert Asquith becomes PM
Free School Meals Act passed
1907 - School Medical Services set up
1908 - David Lloyd George becomes Chancellor of Exchequer
Old Age Pensions Act passed
Children’s Act passed
1909 - Labour Exchange Programmes set up to help unemployed
Lloyd George’s ‘People’s Budget’ introduced (taxes rich to pay for
welfare reforms)
Parliament Act passed
1911 - National Insurance Act passed: 2 parts –
Sick Pay and Unemployment Benefit
1912- School Clinics
Votes for Women Revision Timeline
1897 1901 1903 1906 1908 -
1911 1912 1913 1914 -
1915 1916 1918 -
1928 -
NUWSS formed (Suffragists), leader Millicent Fawcett
Queen Victoria dies – marks new beginning for women
WSPU formed (Suffragettes), leader Emmeline Pankhurst
General Election, Liberals win, Asquith becomes PM
Women’s Bill dropped from Parliament – ran out of time
Direct action begins and Suffragette actions become more militant (smashing windows, chaining
to Downing Street, arrests)
Asquith drops Conciliation Bill giving women the vote, even though Parliament passes it
Suffragette violence increases (arson, bombing churches, destroying valuable paintings, prison,
hunger strikes)
Cat and Mouse Act
Death of Emily Davison (June 1913), she becomes a martyr for the cause
Suffragists membership almost 100,000, over 500 branches – more successful
WW1 starts, Suffragettes call off all militant action
Suffragettes start Order of the White Feather campaign
Munitions crisis (July 1915), women recruited to work in munitions factories
Many industries employ women to help war effort (1.6 million extra women workers help in war)
David Lloyd George becomes PM, replaces Asquith
Representation of the People Act becomes law, women over age of 30 who owned property
were given vote (women vote for 1st time in December 1918 general election)
Armistice signed (11/11/1918) WW1 ends
Full voting rights granted to all women
WW1 Home Front Revision Timeline
1914 -
1915 -
1916 -
1917 -
1918 -
WW1 starts (2nd August 1914)
Massive recruitment/propaganda campaign launched by Kitchener, Minister of War
500,000 volunteers by September 1914
Suffragettes start Order of the White Feather campaign
Defence of the Realm Act (DORA) introduced (8th August 1914), censorship starts
Stalemate and trench warfare begins, volunteers slow down by Christmas
Munitions crisis (July 1915), women recruited to work in munitions factories
Coalition government formed to help with war effort
Lloyd George becomes Minister of Munitions
Conscription introduced for all single men aged 18-40 (January 1916)
Conscription introduced for all married men aged 18-40 (May 1916)
Battle of Somme disaster, government & generals heavily criticised (July – November)
David Lloyd George becomes PM, replaces Asquith (December 1916)
Propaganda film, For the Empire, audiences reach 9 million by end of 1916
Siegfried Sassoon’s war poems published criticising war leadership
German U-boats sink British merchant ships carrying food supplies
Voluntary food rationing
Compulsory Food Rationing introduced
Representation of the People Act
Armistice signed (11/11/1918) WW1 ends