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C
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Driver Operator Refresher Training
#4
Operating Emergency
Vehicles
Class #4
Henderson Fire Department
Certified Driver Operator
Refresher Training
These guys aren’t busy !!!
There’s always time to train !!
Course Objectives
NFPA 1002 ,Standard on Fire Apparatus
Driver/Operator Professional
Qualifications 2009 Edition
• 5.2.1 Produce effective hand or master
streams, given the sources specified, so that
the pump is engaged, all pressure control and
vehicle safety devices are set, the rated flow
of the nozzle is achieved and maintained, and
the apparatus is continuously monitored for
potential problems:
Course Objectives
NFPA 1002 ,Standard on Fire Apparatus
Driver/Operator Professional
Qualifications 2009 Edition
• 5.2.2* Pump a supply line of 65 mm (2½
in.) or larger, given a relay pumping
evolution.
• 5.2.4 Supply water to fire sprinkler and
standpipe systems
• 6.2.5 Deploy and operate an elevated
master stream (Skyboom)
Pumping Skills
• Captains will
evaluate Driver /
Operators during
pumping evolutions
to produce effective
fire streams.
Cab Work
• In cab procedure:
• Spot apparatus appropriately
• Set parking brake
• Shift transmission to neutral
• Ensure engine at idle
• Engage pump
• Shift transmission to Drive
Panel Work
– After exiting cab:
• Chock wheels
• Open tank to pump valve
• Charge proper hand lines
• Develop and maintain adequate fire
streams
• Set PRV or switch to pressure control
mode
Panel Work
• Establish external water supply
(hydrant hook-up with 2 ½ valve)
• Open Bleeder valve
• Transition to hydrant supply
• Close Bleeder valve
• Isolate tank
• Refill tank
• Operate pump safely at all times
Hydraulics
• Ability to Apply Hydraulics
– Fire ground hydraulics (estimate and rule of
thumb methods)
– Proper use of HFD pump chart
– Demonstrate an understanding of hydraulics
and principals governing hydraulics
• Driver / Operators must develop proper
pressures within 10 psi
Pumping Operations
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Relay Pumping
Tandem Pumping
Dual Pumping
Sprinkler Systems
Standpipe Systems
Elevated Master Streams
Relay Pumping Defined
• Uses two or more engines to move water
from a distant source.
• Engines operate in a series (discharge to
intake).
• Function of the relay is to compensate for
the pressure lost by friction, elevation or
contours of the hose lay.
Relay Pumping Operations
• Source engine (engine at the water supply)
establishes water supply.
• The source engine is connected to the relay
engine discharge to intake with LDH.
• If LDH is not available multiple MDH
(medium diameter hose lines 2.5” -3”) may
be used.
Relay Pumping Operations
• When the relay engine is ready, the source
engine slowly fills the supply lines.
• The relay engine waits with pump out of
gear.
• Upon receiving water from the source
engine, the relay engine needs to bleed off
air in the lines through an unused
discharge.
• The unused discharge can now be closed.
Relay Pumping Operations
• The source engine can now engage the
pump and increase the engine discharge
pressure to the required pressure.
• PRV is set to desired setting.
• Intake pressure relief valve is set for 10 psi
above incoming pressure.
• This continues until water arrives at the
attack engine.
• Communications are essential !!!
Relay Pumping Considerations
• Amount of water required at emergency
scene
• Distance from water source to emergency
scene
• Available equipment
Tandem Pumping Defined
• Short relay operation used when pressures
higher than one engine is capable of
supplying are required.
• Engines are connected in a series
(discharge to intake)
Tandem Pumping Operations
• Source engine establishes water supply
• Connections are made discharge to intake
between the source engine and the relay
engine.
• Due to high pump discharge pressures
MDH (2 ½” or 3”) should be used to
accommodate these pressures.
Tandem Pumping Operations
• Engines should be as close as possible
to prevent additional friction loss within the
hose.
• Multiple hose-lines may be used to reduce
friction loss enabling higher pressures to
be produced.
• Communication between engines is
essential.
Dual Pumping Defined
• Operation using one strong hydrant to
supply two engines
• 2nd engine receives the excess water
not being used by the primary engine.
Dual Pumping Operations
• The primary engine establishes a
water supply
• Engines are then connected using
LDH or MDH intake to intake.
• The primary engine then pumps the
needed pressure to its attack lines.
Dual Pumping Operations
• The primary engine opens unused
intake valve allowing the excess
water to flow to the 2nd engine.
• Air is bleed off and water is
introduced into the 2nd engine.
Dual Pumping Considerations
• Does the primary engine have excess
available water to maintain operations
for the 2nd engine?
• If not an additional water source
should be considered.
Pumping Sprinkler &
Standpipe Systems
• Spotting
– Generally position as close as possible
to sprinkler connection
– Usually a hydrant is located near this
connection
Pumping Sprinkler &
Standpipe Systems
–Consider the collapse zone
• Reverse out to safe water supply
• Drop necessary tools and equipment for
connection and fire operations
–May need to give priority to other
apparatus
• Example - aerial apparatus require more
precise spotting than pumping apparatus
Pumping Sprinkler &
Standpipe Systems
• Pumping Sprinkler Systems
–Connection
–Two 3” lines
–LDH - 5” - 2 1/2” 30 Degree Reducer
–Pressures
–Pressures stamped on a plate next to FDC
–HFD pump chart - Maintain 150psi
Pumping Sprinkler &
Standpipe Systems
• Pumping Standpipe Systems
–Connections
• Use two 3” when connecting to
support standpipe
– Higher pressures maybe needed
– Max pressure for 5” (185 psi)
– If one line is severed - 1 line will still
supply crews on fire floor
Pumping Sprinkler &
Standpipe Systems
• Pumping Standpipe Systems
–Pressures
• Use HFD Pump Chart for Hydraulic
calculations
–25 psi for Standpipes
–5 psi per floor for elevation (-the 1st floor)
–Know what hoselines are deployed on fire
floor
–Pump required GPM - Communicate !
–Don’t forget to add in FL from 3”
Elevated Master Stream
• Familiarization of Department Equipment
and Apparatus
– Skyboom
• Safety and emergency procedures
• Knowledge of types of nozzles and effective
reach
• Setting up for the elevated stream
– Spotting
– Stabilization
Elevated Master Stream
• Pumping
– Must have adequate water supply for
operations
– Fireground Hydraulic Calculations
• Understand Friction Loss
–Elevation
–NP-Nozzle Pressure
–Appliance
– Effective placement and reach
Summary
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Cab work
Panel work
Safety
Ability to Apply Hydraulics
–Driver / Operators must develop
proper pressures within 10 psi
Summary
• Relay pumping - extending water
supply, LDH, engines operate in a
series (discharge to intake).
• Tandem pumping - pressures required
over capacity of one engine, LDH or
multiple MDH depending on need,
engines operate in a series (discharge
to intake).
Summary
• Dual pumping - sharing a strong
water source, LDH or MDH, engines
connected intake to intake.
• Sprinkler Systems
– Maintain 150 psi unless
• Standpipe Systems
– Fireground Hydraulics
– Communication
• Elevated Master Streams