Transcript www.wwu.edu

WWU Environmental Health & Safety
Contents
This presentation contains five training modules that
regulations require individuals to have when working with
hazardous chemicals and generating hazardous waste.
Chemical Hazard Communication
 Laboratory Safety
 Hazardous Waste
 Stormwater Management
 Chemical Security Awareness

Chemical Hazard Communication
 Chemical Hazard Communication is a federal law
requiring employers to provide employees with
information about chemicals before they work with them.
 Western requires that this information be provided to
students as well.
 Sharing information about chemical hazards is done by
having:
 Training,
 Safety information sheets available, and
 Properly labeling chemical containers.
Chemical Hazard Communication
In March of 2012, the Globally
Harmonized System (GHS) for the
classification and labeling of
chemicals was adopted into the
OSHA Hazard Communication
Standard.
This system is intended to
standardize the way that chemicals
are labeled and the way that
information about chemical
hazards are communicated around
the world.
 It is important to note that GHS will not lessen a
worker’s right to information, but will result in many
changes in the ways that the information is conveyed.
Information is found in Section 6 of the WWU
Departmental Safety Information Book.
The information is also on the web at the EHS website
under documents.
MSDS to SDS
 Under GHS, Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) will now
be called SDS (Safety Data Sheets).
 Although the same sort of chemical safety information
will be present, GHS mandates that this information will
be grouped into a different format, consisting of 16
headings on every SDS.
 These headings are required to be in the same order on
every SDS.
Safety Data Sheets
 SDS’s are the most important source of information for
any chemical at Western.
 SDS’s must be available to all employees for review at all
times and students as well.
 The SDS will tell you:
 What the substance looks and smells like,
 What it is composed of,
 Its dangerous properties,
 How to protect yourself against it, and
 First aid procedures if you are exposed.
Safety Data Sheets
New SDS Format
1. Identification
2. Hazard(s) identification
3. Composition/information on
ingredients
4. First-aid measures
5. Fire-fighting measures
6. Accidental release measures
7. Handling and storage
8. Exposure control/personal
protection
New SDS Format, Continued
9. Physical and chemical properties
10. Stability and reactivity
11. Toxicological information
12. Ecological information
13. Disposal considerations
14. Transport information
15. Regulatory information
16. Other information
New SDS Format, Continued
 GHS Number System:
 Section 2 of the SDS contains the GHS classification for
hazard severity. The numbering system is between 1 and 4.
1 – Category of most severe hazard
4 – Category of least severe hazard
*These Global Harmonized System classification numbers are
NOT to be used to fill in the National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA) 704 diamond!
Hazard Warnings & Labels
SDS’s may also include the National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA) labeling system, which provides:
• Basic information for emergency
personnel responding to a fire
or spill and those planning for
emergency response.
• Each color, number and symbol
represent a type of hazard and
severity of hazard.
Hazard Warnings & Labels
NFPA Diamond
Flammability
Reactive
Health
From NFPA
Code 704
Special Information
W - Water Reactive OX - Oxidizer
Top 3 boxes rated 0 (no hazard) to 4 (highest hazard)
Comparison of
NFPA 704 and GHS Labels
NFPA 704
GHS
Purpose
Provides basic information
for emergency personnel
responding to a fire or spill
and those planning for
emergency response.
Informs workers about the hazards
in workplace under normal
conditions of use and foreseeable
emergencies.
Number System:
NFPA Rating and
OSHA’s
Classification
System
0-4
0 - least hazardous
4 - most hazardous
1-4
1 – most severe hazard
4 – least severe hazard
• The Hazard category numbers
are NOT required to be on labels
but are required on SDSs in
Section 2.
• Numbers are used to CLASSIFY
hazards to determine what label
information is required.
Comparison of NFPA 704 and
GHS Labels (cont.)
NFPA 704
Information
Provided on
Label
•
•
•
•
Health Hazards
on Label
Acute (short term) health
hazards only as they are
more typical for emergency
response applications.
Chronic health effects are
not covered by NFPA 704.
Health – Blue
Flammability – Red
Instability – Yellow
Special Hazards* - White
GHS
•
•
•
•
•
•
Product Identifier
Signal Word
Hazard Statement(s)
Pictogram(s)
Precautionary statement(s); and
Name address and phone
number of responsible party.
Acute (short term) and chronic
(long term) health hazards. Both
acute and chromic health effects
are relevant for employees working
with chemicals day after day.
GHS Labeling Elements
Signal Words
 Signal words are used to indicate the relative level of
severity of hazard. Signal words will be “Danger” or
“Warning”.
 “Danger” is used for more severe hazards
 “Warning” is used for less severe hazards
GHS Labeling Elements
Hazard Statements
 A hazard statement is assigned to a hazard class and
category that describes the nature of the hazard(s) of a
chemical, including where appropriate, the degree of
hazard.
GHS Labeling Elements
Pictograms
 Pictograms are visual indicators of the hazard of a
chemical. These are now standardized world-wide.
Examples are below
•Acute toxicity (severe)
•Flammables
•Self Reactives
•Pyrophorics
•Self-Heating
•Emits Flammable Gas
•Organic Peroxides
Globally Harmonized System
Label
 GHS chemical labels are very
similar to those before GHS.
 New labels have a signal word
 Danger (if applicable )
 Hazard statements
 Fatal if swallowed
 Pictogram
 Skull and crossbones in red
diamond
Container Labeling
The law requires that all containers, including secondary
containers, are:
• Clearly labeled as to the contents.
• Write out chemical names, no
abbreviations.
• Exhibit an appropriate hazard warning
such as the National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA) diamond or GHS
pictograms
• List the name of the manufacturer.
Container Labeling
What do these vessels contain?
When re-using
containers, mark out
labels of the
previous contents.
Fabulosa is a caustic
chemical cleaner
that looks like a
sports drink.
Container Labeling

Containers filled with unidentified contents are
considered discarded wastes.

If the contents are designated as hazardous waste,
and not properly disposed of, significant fines can
result.
All containers: tanks, drums, buckets, oil drip pans,
etc., must be clearly labeled to identify their
contents.
Container Labeling
What does this
can contain?
Contradictory
labeling can be
dangerous!
Physical Hazards of Chemicals
The following are physical hazards associated with
chemicals. Chemicals with these properties create or
intensify burns, flames and/or, in some cases, explosions:
•Combustible liquids
•Compressed gas
•Explosive
•Flammable
•Organic peroxides
•Peroxide formers
• Corrosive
•Oxidizers
•Pyrophorics
•Unstable (reactives)
•Water-reactive
Chemical Health Hazards
 Chemicals can harm peoples’ health in several ways:
 A carcinogen or suspected carcinogen is a substance that
research has shown to be linked to a high risk of developing
cancer.
 A toxic substance has the potential to disrupt physical
processes, such as breathing, coordination, etc.
 ACUTE TOXICITY
Toxic effects from a single or multiple exposure to a
substance for a short period of time (less than one day)
 CHRONIC TOXICITY
Toxic effects from repeated or seasonal exposure to a
chemical substance
Chemical Health Hazards
Some chemicals and biological agents present a
reproductive hazard. If you and/or your partner need
specific information regarding chemical or biological
use in the workplace, please contact your faculty
member or supervisor. Please consider the
Environmental Health & Safety Office a resource
about fetal health in the workplace:
(360) 650-3064
How Chemicals Affect You
 The effect on your body from exposure to any
hazardous substance depends on two things:
The dose (how much of the substance you were
exposed to) and
The duration (how long you were exposed to the
substance)
 Depending on the substance, it is possible to suffer
harmful effects from a low dose over a long period
of time or from a high dose over a short period of
time.
 If the dose and the duration are low enough, a
hazardous substance may cause no negative health
effects at all.
How Chemicals Affect You
How Chemicals Affect You
 The ways a substance can be introduced
to your body are called routes of entry.
 There are four main routes of entry:
 Inhalation (the substance is breathed in),
 Ingestion (the substance is swallowed),
 Absorption (the substance passes
through the skin),
 Injection (the substance enters the body
through a cut or other means).
Chemical Exposure Situations
If you have been exposed to a hazardous chemical, you have
to act quickly to minimize any potential damage to your
body.
 Wash immediately in a safety shower or eye wash after
exposure for a minimum of 15 minutes.
 Remove contaminated clothing.
 Call 911 and notify your instructor/ supervisor.
 Complete an accident report within 24 hours.
Universal Precautions
If you come across a leak or spill of a
material that you cannot identify, you
must assume that it is hazardous, and
report it to your supervisor or call the
EHS department.
Universal Precautions
State and local regulations require
notification immediately or within 1
hour should contaminants pose a
threat to bodies of water.
Notify EHS should you come across a
spill that may go down a storm or
sewer drain!
New WWU Chemical Inventory
Management System
In 2012, WWU’s Environmental
Health and Safety (EHS) Department
purchased access to an online
chemical inventory management
system called CHIMERA.
CHIMERA stands for Chemical
Inventory Manager and Electronic
Reporting Application and was
developed by The University of
Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV).
CHIMERA
CHIMERA is an interface
that enables users to access
crucial chemical inventory
information. This system
provides easy access to
reports, inventory
management tools, first
responder signs, and safety
data sheets among other
functions.
CHIMERA
Links to the CHIMERA website
and WWU CHIMERA manual
can be found here.
For more information and to
apply for access, please
contact your department
stockroom manager or the
Environmental Health and
Safety office at 650-3064.
Laboratory Safety
Personal Protective Equipment
Departments at Western specify the personal protective
equipment that is needed for each hazardous task
• Follow the personal protective equipment Hazard
Assessment Certification located in Section 5 of the WWU
Safety Information Book.
KNOW WHERE TO FIND
YOUR PLAN WITHIN YOUR
DEPARTMENT!
Hazardous Chemical Definition
“A chemical for which there is
statistically significant evidence
based on at least one study
conducted in accordance with
established scientific principles that
acute or chronic health effects may
occur in exposed employees.”
Note that this is the legal definition of a hazardous
chemical. The health and safety regulations are very
broad and include almost every chemical.
How to Protect Yourself From Chemicals
There are THREE ways to protect yourself from exposure to
chemicals:
1. Use all engineering controls
Like fume hoods or exhaust vents
2. Wear Protective Equipment
Like gloves, aprons, or goggles
3. Use Protective Work Practices
Like washing hands after working with chemicals
Personal Protective Equipment
Eye Protection
 Goggles are the standard to protect against





chemical splash to eyes. Everyone in the lab
wears them.
Required if handling corrosive liquids.
Provide some protections against irritating
vapors and gases.
Must be impact-resistant if used for flying
object protection.
Some are vented or coated to prevent fogging.
Take them off only when there are NO
chemicals present or you leave.
Personal Protective Equipment
Eye Protection Continued
 Wear safety glasses for flying particles.
 Must meet specific standards for
impact resistance.
 Side shields or wraparounds are
required.
 Provides some splash protection.
 Will fly off face in violent reactions.
 Use a face shield over safety glasses if
extra face protection is need.
Personal Protective Equipment
Skin Protection
 Gloves protect hands. Choose one that is appropriate for
the chemical. Check the SDS.
 Some chemicals penetrate some glove materials.
 Do not use latex gloves for protection from chemicals.
 Laboratory coat/apron protect skin
 Closed toe shoes fully covering feet, no sandals
 Personal clothing covering skin adequately
Laboratory Coats
 Wear to protect personal clothing and skin.
 Coats remain in laboratory after working with highly




toxic or carcinogenic materials.
Wear only coats with no chance of contamination to
offices, lunch, washrooms.
Clean coats often. Use a laundry service.
Disinfect or sterilize coats contaminated with human
blood or infectious agents before use.
Do not launder coats with significant chemical
contamination without prior treatment.
Safety Equipment
 Personal Protective Equipment
 Safety Shower
 Eye Wash
 First Aid Kit
 Fire Extinguisher
 Chemical Fume Hood
Chemical Fume Hood
Fume Hood Purposes
 Contain air contaminants (aerosols and vapors).
 Act as a shield for violent reactions or spills.
How to Work in a Fume Hood:
 Position your chemicals 6 inches behind the
plane of the sash.
 Keep the sash lowered down as far as possible.
Lab Practices
 Transport chemicals only in secondary containment.
 Unattended operations of equipment must be approved and
identified.
 Refrigerate flammable liquids only in explosion-proof
refrigerators.
 Use of carcinogens, reproductive toxins and highly toxic agents
are only handled in areas specifically labeled and set aside for
handling these materials. All personnel receive special training
in the additional hazards.
Protective Work Practices
 No eating, drinking, applying
cosmetics, smoking or chewing
gum.
 Avoid horseplay in the lab at
anytime.
 ALWAYS wear eye protection
when working with chemicals or
glassware.
 NEVER mouth pipette.
Protective Work Practices
 Do not work alone with hazardous materials or
equipment creating physical hazards.
 If you work alone, obtain prior approval from your
department, and call University Police to let them know
where you are working.
 If you encounter any unsafe working condition or other
safety hazard in the lab, notify the lab instructor or
person in charge.
Protective Work Practices cont.
 Wash hands frequently, before leaving
and anytime after removing gloves.
 Use good housekeeping:
 Wash bench top before and after
working.
 Put chemicals in proper storage.
 Remove lab coats and gloves before
leaving lab.
Hazardous Waste
Waste Management Practices
 Federal and State regulations require proper
identification, management and disposal of all waste
material.
 Our facility routinely generates solid wastes and
hazardous wastes, and must report to state and
federal government agencies as to the type,
amount, and status of these materials.
 Any improper handling of waste material could not
only harm the environment, but could result in large
fines from these government agencies.
Designating Hazardous Waste
What makes a waste dangerous or hazardous?
 Corrosive
• Persistent
 Reactive
•
 Ignitable
Toxic
Corrosive Waste
• Water-based with pH ≤ 2 or ≥ 12.5
(aqueous)
• Liquid that corrodes steel > 0.25 inch
per year
• Solid, mixed with water, has pH ≤ 2 or ≥
12.5 (WA only)
Reactive Waste
•
•
•
•
•
Prone to violent, spontaneous change
Reacts violently with water
Forms potentially explosive mixtures with water
Gives off toxic gases when mixed with water
Cyanide or sulfide bearing waste that gives off
toxic gases
• Explodes
Flammable Waste
• Liquid, flash point less than 60° C
(140° F)
• Ignitable solid
• Ignitable compressed gas
• Oxidizer
Persistent Wastes
Halogenated Organic Compounds
Compounds with fluorine, chlorine,
bromine, or iodine attached directly to a
carbon atom
•Chloro •Bromo •Fluoro -
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Chemicals that contain two or more fused
benzene rings, generally have “–ene” at
end of chemical name. Found in asphalt
and creosote.
•Anthacene
•Fluorene
Toxic Waste
• Mostly metals, solvents, and
pesticides.
• Poisonous
• Kills fish, rats or rabbits –
(M)SDS may provide this data.
• Some examples of acutely toxic
waste are potassium cyanide and
osmium tetroxide.
Hazardous Waste Collection Form
Hazardous Waste / Surplus Collection
Form can be found:
•EHS website http://www.wwu.edu/ehs/docu
ments_webpages/forms.shtml
•Call EHS office at x3064
Please fill out chemical mixture section with full chemical
name, no abbreviations.
Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA)
 A location where dangerous waste
is accumulated in containers
before being removed to an EHS
storage area.
Example:
 A lab or shop that collects waste
before it is picked up by EHS staff
and stored in a central location
(90-day storage) until final
disposal.
Satellite Accumulation Areas (SAA)
Federal and State regulations for SAA’s include:
 No more than 55 gallons of dangerous waste or 1 quart of
acutely dangerous waste at each SAA.
 SAA must be under the control of the process operator
where the waste is being generated; or the area must be
secured at all times.
 Containers must be: completely labeled except for date,
compatible with waste being stored, and closed properly to
prevent leaks when not in use.
 When a container is full, Western has 3 days to transport to
our 90 day storage facility. Call EHS at x3064.
Hazardous Waste Labeling
•All waste containers must say
“Hazardous Waste”
•All containers must have hazard
identified.
•Please make sure to write out entire
chemical name, no abbreviations or
formulas.
•IF satellite accumulation, no date
required. The date is added only when
a bottle is full.
Waste Batteries
 Batteries are considered universal waste,
not hazardous waste.
 Contact EHS for disposal of university
battery waste. Personal batteries can be
disposed AS Bookstore or residence hall
front desk.
 Labeling requirements:
 “Universal Waste Batteries” must be
written on label.
 Accumulation start date (date first
battery is placed in container).
 Disposal is required 365 days from the
accumulation start date.
Waste Fluorescent Lamps
 Like batteries, fluorescent lamps are
considered universal waste.
 Contact EHS for disposal of university lamp
waste. Personal lamps can be disposed at
participating stations like Home Depot or
Bellingham Public Library
 Labeling Requirements for University Waste:
 “Universal Waste Lamps” must be written on
label
 Accumulation Start Date – (date the first lamp
placed in box or drum)
 Box or drum must be closed when not actively
placing lamps in container
 Disposal is required 365 days from the
accumulation start date
Summary
 Each of us is personally responsible to make sure all
wastes are identified, stored and disposed of properly.
 Nothing goes down the drain without approval.
 All containers must have an appropriate label.
 Batteries and fluorescent lamps have specific handling
procedures.
If you have any questions or concerns, contact your
supervisor or the EHS Department for assistance.
Stormwater Management
Past issues with the WA
Department of Ecology
necessitate
implementation of a
storm water management
to prevent contamination
of local drainage and
water bodies.
65
Why do we care?
“Water is the most critical
resource issue of our
lifetime & our children’s
lifetime. The health of our
waters is the principal
measure of how we live on
the land.”
Luna Leopold
Chief Hydrologist USGS
66
Sanitary vs. Storm Water
 Almost all major cities including
Bellingham treat sanitary
wastewater before discharging it.
 In contrast, most storm water is
discharged without treatment.
 At Western, storm water on part
of the south campus receives
detention and bio-filtration
treatment but the north campus
flows directly to Bellingham Bay.
67
Surface Runoff Before and After
Development
Before development almost all rainfall is taken up by plants, evaporates or
infiltrates through the ground. After conventional development, surface runoff
increases significantly while evaporation and infiltration into the
ground decrease.
68
Ground as a Filter
 Ground acts as a filter for
sediments and many other
potential contaminants,
trapping them before they can
reach our natural waters.
 This filtration protects aquatic
organisms, fish and our
drinking water.
 Tap water and sediments can
be discharged onto lawns and
other planted areas.
69
Impacts to Aquatic Environment
• Decrease Food-Chain
Organisms
• Impair Feeding
• Clog Gills
• Reduce Photosynthesis
• Diminished Spawning
• Smothered Eggs and Fry
Sediments Stress Fish!
Chlorine in Potable Water Stresses Fish!
70
Western’s Pollutant Sources
 Runoff from parking lots –
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heavy metals, petroleum
products and fine particles
Potable water discharges
Sediments from poor
erosion control
Sanitary sewer breaks
Other illicit discharges
Storm Drain
71
Pollutant Control Measures
What can you do to at home to control
pollutants entering our waterway?
 Scoop the Poop! – Pick up your
dog waste, place it in the
garbage and wash your hands.
 Use less hazardous cleaning
solutions – Whenever possible
use natural cleaning products.
72
Pollutant Control Measures
 Drip-free cars – Contain oil
leaks that you know about
until you can get your vehicle
fixed.
 Clean cars – If you must wash
your car at home, wash it on
the grass, gravel or other
permeable surface and use
biodegradable soaps.
73
Stormwater Management
All employees and students
transporting chemicals
must ensure that:
• The containers are closed
and secured (tied, strapped
in, or other means)
•In secondary containment
(inside an extra container
or vessel) so that leaks
don’t enter local water
systems.
•A spill kit is present in
vehicle
74
Stormwater Management
• Every employee and student is
required to prevent chemicals,
particles, and even tap water
from directly entering the city’s
storm water system
• Tap water and sediments can
be discharged onto lawns
and other planted areas
75
Stormwater Management
In the event of a spill or incident
where chemicals or hazardous
materials could enter a storm water
system:
• Immediately notify EHS by calling
650-3064 or use FM Work Control
Center at 650-3420
• Cover or block access to storm
drains if it can be done safely
76
Stormwater Management
Protecting the ecology of Whatcom
County is part of EVERY WWU
employee’s and student’s
responsibility!
77
Chemical Security Awareness Training
Conforms with 49 CFR 172.704
Security Awareness
 In September 2003, a US Department of Transportation
law was enacted which REQUIRES:
 Shippers and transporters of hazardous materials to
provide general security awareness training to all of their
employees who work with hazardous materials.
 Western to develop a transportation security plan.
In the wrong hands, hazardous materials pose a significant
threat, particularly those that could be used as weapons of
mass destruction.
WWU Chemical Transportation
Security Plan
• Hazardous wastes are accessible by
authorized personnel only.
 Background checks are provided for new
employees.
 Training is provided by WWU for employees
who handle chemicals.
WWU Security Plans & Policies
WWU Emergency Management Plan
 Addresses steps that are specific to the type of emergency
WWU Department Safety Information Book
 Section 2 – Emergency Procedures developed by each
department for response and program continuity
WWU Emergency Response Guide
 General emergency response protocols for toxic releases
and hazardous materials emergencies are available to all
employees.
Security Awareness
 If you offer, transport, or
store hazardous materials:
 Review your security
measures.
 Make necessary
adjustments to improve
the secure transport and
storage of hazardous
materials.
Security Awareness
Storage of potentially
hazardous materials
delivered to WWU:
 Do not leave packages
unattended.
 Ensure packages are in a
secure location.
 Shipper should be familiar
with the carrier chosen to
ship WWU packages.
 Trucks and drivers should be
in uniform or carry ID.
Security Awareness
 If you see something suspicious, such as:
 Unauthorized persons loitering in area
 Unauthorized persons asking questions about hazardous
materials on site
 Contact:
 University Police at 650-3555, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
Questions & Comments
Thanks very much for taking the time to review the
information in this presentation.
Contact Environmental Health & Safety at 650-3064 or
e-mail at [email protected]
Visit us at Environmental Studies Room 72
 Enter through the blue exterior door facing the Academic
Instructional building with the disAbility push pad
Please click on the following link to take a brief quiz.
Once it has been submitted to EHS, we will
document in the University’s training database that
your training has been updated.
Take the quiz