Transcript Computer Concepts-Illustrated Introductory, Sixth Edition
Computer Concepts - Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
UNIT C: Software
Objectives
Introduce computer software Explore operating systems Compare operating systems Define office productivity software Define graphics software Define entertainment and education software Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Objectives
Define business and science software Understand utilities Understand licenses and copyrights Install and uninstall software Talking points: What are the consequences of software piracy?
Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Computer Software
Software (computer programs) Files that work together to provide computer with instructions and data for carrying out specific task Designed to provide task-relevant environment • Screen display • Ways of collecting input • Specifications for processing data • Method for displaying or outputting data Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Computer Software
System software Designed for computer specific tasks • Diagnosing hard drive, Internet connection problems Application software Helps you carry out tasks using computer • Creating a digital presentation Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Computer Software
Finding appropriate software Generally grouped into subcategories depending use System software • Operating systems, utilities, device drivers Application software • Grouped according to task Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Computer Software
Software Categories Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Computer Software
Productivity software Has potential to help people do work more efficiently Groupware Helps two or more people collaborate on project using networks or Internet connections Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Computer Software
Starting an application Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Operating Systems
Operating system (OS) System software that is master controller for all activities that take place within computer system Boot process Launches when computer turns on • “Booting computer” Six major events happen during boot process Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Operating Systems
Steps in Boot Process Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Operating Systems
Operating system Manages computer’s resources • Resource - any computer component required to perform work Stores and retrieves files Remembers names and locations of files Displays on-screen warning if device or driver not performing correctly Controls memory, and ensures input and output proceed in orderly manner Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Operating Systems
Many processes compete for attention of computer’s processor The Windows Task Manager lists processes being executed Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Introducing Operating Systems
User interaction with OS Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Comparing Operating Systems
Three main operating systems Windows Mac OS Linux OS used Depends on type of personal computer used Type of processor running Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Comparing Operating Systems
Microsoft Windows Installed on majority of world’s computers Latest version is Windows Vista • Enhanced security, flexible file management, and more powerful search capabilities • Home Basic, Home Premium, Business, Ultimate, and Enterprise editions • Also server, media center, and embedded editions Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Comparing Operating Systems
Mac OS Newest version is MAC OS X OS X versions named after large cats, Leopard is most recent Computer is running Mac OS if: • • Apple logo at top of screen on menu bar Dock at bottom of screen Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Comparing Operating Systems
Windows Taskbar MAC Dock Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Comparing Operating Systems
Boot Camp - dual-boot utility Allows user to choose Mac OS or Windows when computer starts Gives user ability to run Windows software on a Mac Must have Intel Mac Must reboot computer to change operating systems Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Comparing Operating Systems
Running Windows from Mac Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Comparing Operating Systems
Linux Open source OS available for free download and use Distributed under General Public License (GPL) • Public free to make copies, give it away, or sell it Encourages programmers to develop utilities, programs, and enhancements for Linux Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Comparing Operating Systems
Linux KDE operating system Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Comparing Operating Systems
Virtual machine technology Allows one computer to simulate hardware and software of another Switch from one OS to another Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Office Productivity Software
Office productivity software Software integrates word processing, spreadsheet, database, drawing, and presentation capabilities Word processing Used to produce documents such as reports, letter and manuscripts Format for document refers to way elements are arranged on page Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Office Productivity Software
Formatting a document in Word Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Office Productivity Software
Desktop publishing software Tools for word processing and graphic design Spreadsheet For projects that require repetitive calculations • Budgets, maintaining grade book, balancing checkbook, tracking investments Worksheet - g rid based on columns and rows Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Office Productivity Software
Electronic Worksheet in Excel Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Office Productivity Software
Database software Creates database to enter, find, organize, and report information • Record - holds data for single entity • Field - holds one item of data relevant to record • Table - series of records Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Office Productivity Software
Creating table in Access Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Office Productivity Software
Presentation software Combine text, graphics, graphs, animations, and sound into series of electronic slides Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Office Productivity Software
Web authoring software Design and develop Web pages that can be published on Web Includes tools for HTML tags • Code used to display document on Web Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Graphics Software
Graphics Any picture, drawing, sketch, photograph, image, or icon that appears on computer screen or on printed output Graphics software Create, display, modify, manipulate, and print graphics Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Graphics Software
Drawing software Tools that can be assembled into diagrams and corporate logos Lines, shapes, colors Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Graphics Software
Paint software Sometimes called image editing software Provides electronic pens, brushes, and paints for painting images on screen Microsoft Paint, Corel Paint Shop Pro, Adobe Photoshop Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Graphics Software
Photo editing software Features designed to improve quality of photos • Modify contrast and brightness • Cropping • Removing “red eye” Often includes photo organizers Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Graphics Software
Using Photo editing software Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Graphics Software
3D graphics software Set of tools for creating wire-frame models that represent three-dimensional objects Wire-frame models are frames which are covered with surface texture and color Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Graphics Software
CAD software (computer aided design) 3D graphics software designed for architects and engineers • Create blueprints and product specifications Computers and 3D graphics software Used extensively in movie industry Feature-length animation Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Entertainment and Education Software
Computers also used for entertainment Games Digital voice and music recordings Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Entertainment and Education Software
Entertainment Software Rating Board Rates video and computer games Ratings include rating symbol and content description Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Entertainment and Education Software
MP3 Compression file format for digital audio recordings MIDI sequencing software Great for creating sound effects and controlling keyboards and other instruments Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Entertainment and Education Software
Video editing and DVD authoring software Tools for transporting video footage from camera to computer Deleting unwanted footage Assembling video segments in any sequence Adding visual effects Adding sound track Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Entertainment and Education Software
Video Editing Software Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Entertainment and Education Software
Educational software Use computer to learn and practice new skills • Arithmetic, reading, languages, playing instruments, improving keyboarding skills, preparing for standardized tests Reference software Provides information and way to access it • Cookbooks, telephone books, medical reference, encyclopedias, etc Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Business and Science Software
Project management software Planning large and small projects, scheduling project tasks, tracking resources, and keeping track of costs Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Business and Science Software
Accounting and finance software Keep records of monetary transactions and investments Tax preparation software Specialized personal finance software Gather income and expense data, identify deductions, and calculate tax payments Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Business and Science Software
Software suite Collection of application software sold as single package • Microsoft Office Professional 2007 Suite: Applications used to boost productivity • Adobe Creative Suite: Applications for graphics • Media suites: Programs for creating music and video Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Business and Science Software
Statistical software Analyzes large sets of data to discover relationships and patterns Mathematical modeling software Tools for solving wide range of math, science, and engineering problems Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Defining Business and Science Software
Visualization of Data Using Statistical Software Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Understanding Utilities
Utility software – type of system software designed to perform specialized task Diagnostic tools Setup wizards Communications programs Security software Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Understanding Utilities
Many utilities come with OS Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Understanding Utilities
Utility programs Compression utility: Reduces file sizes for quick transmission or efficient storage Security utilities: Antivirus software, pop-up ad blockers, personal firewalls, spam filters Utilities for customizing your desktop: Skins utilities Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Understanding Utilities
Device driver Helps peripheral device establish communication with computer Widget Specialized utility program that appears on desktop Looks like control, used to display snippet of information • Clocks, calendars, weather, news, sticky notes Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Understanding Licenses and Copyrights
Software license or license agreement Legal contract defines ways computer program may be used EULA (end-user license agreement) Displayed on screen when piece of software first used Generally accept agreement by clicking button labeled ‘
OK
,
I Agree’
, or’
I Accept’
Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Understanding Licenses and Copyrights
How are software licenses legally binding without signatures?
Shrink-wrap license - goes into effect when package is opened Installation agreement – goes into effect when accept option is clicked Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Understanding Licenses and Copyrights
Software copyright protections and software classifications Commercial software Shareware Freeware Open source software Public domain software Demoware Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Understanding Licenses and Copyrights
Types of software licenses Single-user Site license Multiple-users Concurrent-user Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Understanding Licenses and Copyrights
Copyright Legal protection grants author of original work exclusive right to copy, distribute, sell, and modify that work, except under special circumstances described by copyright laws Intellectual property Ownership of certain types of information, ideas, or representations • Patents, trademarks, music, photos, software, books, and film Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Understanding Licenses and Copyrights
Pirating Illegal copying and distribution of copyrighted material Significant revenue loss for software publishers, recording studios and film producers Fight against piracy - passing strict antipiracy laws; scrambling, encryption, digital rights management schemes that physically prevent copying; consumer education Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Installing and Uninstalling Software
New software must be installed before use Upgrading and uninstalling software are important skills to learn Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Installing and Uninstalling Software
System requirements Specify operating system and minimum hardware requirements for software to work correctly Setup program Guides installation process Full installation gives access to all features of software Custom installation allows selection of features you want Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Installing and Uninstalling Software
Downloaded software files - generally zipped to consolidate them into one file, part of installation process unzips files Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Installing and Uninstalling Software
Validation code Sequence of numbers and letters typically supplied separately from software itself • Not serial number Enter when instructed during setup process Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Installing and Uninstalling Software
Installing updates similar to installing program itself Activate setup program, display license agreement, add updated entries to computer’s Start menu Patches Small programs designed to correct, secure, or enhance existing program Service packs Collection of updates, fixes, or enhancements delivered as single package Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Installing and Uninstalling Software
Removing (uninstalling) software Most software programs come with uninstall program Most OSs also provide access to uninstall program Uninstall programs - designed to delete all related program files from various directories on hard drive Best to use if available Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition
Talking Points: What are the consequences of software piracy?
Software easy to steal, but stealing is illegal Piracy and counterfeiting Huge problem for software companies According to 2006 study • 35 percent of all software installed on PCs worldwide was obtained illegally • Resulting in nearly $40 billion in global losses due to piracy Computer Concepts – Illustrated Introductory, Seventh Edition