Transcript AP US History Review

AP US History Review
Rebels
In 1676, _______’s
Rebellion revealed
tensions between
Virginia’s government
and poorer colonists
living on the frontier.
1
Bacon’s Rebellion
I’m
Angry
In the _______ rebellion
of 1739, 20 whites and 40
rebels were killed. The
uprising prompted
harsher control of slaves.
2
Stoner
Rebellion
The _________ Revolt of
1680, also known as
"Popé's Rebellion," was
an uprising of Native
Americans against the
Spanish in New Mexico.
3
PUEBLO
____________’s 1859 raid on
the arsenal at Harper’s
Ferry, Virginia was
supposed to set off a slave
uprising. Instead, it
enraged Southerners and
helped cause the Civil War.
4
John Brown’s Raid
The __________ rebellion of
1794 occurred in Pennsylvania.
It was caused by opposition to
new taxes and was put down by
a large show of federal force.
5
Whiskey Rebellion
In 1831 __________ led a
slave uprising in Virginia
that resulted in 55 whites
being killed.
6
Nat Turner
In the __________ rebellion of
1786-7, poor Massachusetts
farmers revolted against taxes
and debt. It helped convince
many of the need for a stronger
federal government.
7
Shay’s Rebellion
A Lakota chief and holy man
under whom the Lakota tribes
united in their struggle for survival
on the northern plains,
______________ remained defiant
toward American military power
and contemptuous of American
promises to the end.
PBS, The West
8
Sitting Cow
______________ was eventually
banished from Massachusetts for
her controversial views. She
believed that people could
communicate directly with God,
that salvation was by faith alone,
and that many of the clergy were
not among the "elect", and
entitled to no spiritual authority.
9
Anne Hutchinson
The ______________ was a protest
by the Sons of Liberty against the
British East India Company in
which they destroyed 342 crates of
tea on ships in Boston Harbor in
order to protest British taxation.
10
Boston Tea Party
Science & Technology
The ___________, a 1793
Eli Whitney invention,
caused slavery to become
much more entrenched in
the South.
11
Cotton Gin
Samuel Morse’s
___________ was patented
in 1844. It greatly
improved communication
in the US.
12
Telegraph
The ______________,
developed by Eli Whitney
in 1799, involves creating
standardized, identical,
interchangeable parts
13
Interchangeable Farts
John Rolfe introduced a variety of
______________ that would grow
in the Chesapeake colonies. It
became a dominant cash crop in
colonial America.
14
Tobacco
Robert Fulton was a US engineer
and inventor, who was widely
credited with developing the first
___________________.
15
Steamboat
Dubbed "The Wizard of Menlo Park", he was
one of the first inventors to apply the
principles of mass production to the process
of invention. Some of the inventions credited
to him were not completely original but
improvements of earlier patents or were
actually works of his numerous employees.
Nevertheless, ________________ is considered
one of the most prolific inventors in history,
holding 1,093 United States patents in his
name.
16
Thomas A. Edison
The _______________ connected the
Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean.
It was opened in 1825 facilitating
American trade and western
development.
17
In 1876, Patent # 174,465 was granted
covering "the method of, and
apparatus for, transmitting vocal or
other sounds telegraphically ... by
causing electrical undulations,
similar in form to the vibrations of
the air accompanying the said vocal
or other sound.“ More simply, this is
known as the ______________.
18
Telephone
Excess bile, blood and phlegm. Inhaling
airborne poisons. Overexcited nerves. For
centuries, the medical profession relied on
these plausible but almost wholly mistaken
ideas of the cause of infectious illness. Few
doctors, even by the mid-1800s, realized that
different diseases have different causes.
Then, between 1879 and 1900, came an
explosive burst of scientific discovery
suddenly revealed the role of _________ in
causing disease.
19
Germs
During the Civil War, the use of the
__________ which replaced the
musket ball made traditional warfare
tactics deadly and ineffective.
20
Mini-ball Shot
Quotes & Documents
“the conduct of her
Government presents a series
of acts hostile to the United
States as an independent and
neutral nation.” James
Madison is referring to the
nation of ____________ in his
war message?
21
Great Britain
".... the right …to over spread and to
possess the whole of the continent
which Providence has given us…It is
right such as that of the tree to the
space of air and the earth suitable for
the full expansion."
John O’Sullivan, in 1845 describing the
concept of ___________________.
22
Manifest Destiny
“But now, after reiterated
menaces, __________ has
passed the boundary of the
United States, has invaded our
territory and shed American
blood upon the American soil.”
James K. Polk, 1846
23
Mexico
“Their object in the North is to keep
down foreign competition, in order to
obtain a monopoly of the domestic
market. The effect on us is to compel
us to purchase at a higher price, both
what we purchase from them and from
others, without receiving a
corresponding increase of price for
what we sell.”
--______ _______, South Carolina
Exposition & Protest , 1828
24
John Calhoun
“The history of mankind is a
history of repeated injuries and
usurpations on the part of man
toward woman having in direct
object the establishment of an
absolute tyranny.”
Elizabeth Cady Stanton,
Declaration of Sentiments, 1848
At
________
______
Convention
25
Seneca Falls
“we must Consider that
we shall be as a City upon
a Hill, the eyes of all
people are upon us”
This is from
____________’s 1630
sermon to Puritans.
26
John Winthrop
“It makes little difference, however,
where one opens the record of the
history of the Indians; every page and
every year has its dark stain... Colorado
is as greedy and unjust in 1880 as was
Georgia in 1830, and Ohio in 1795; and
the United States Government breaks
promises now as deftly as then, and with
an added ingenuity from long practice.”
--Written by _______________________
27 in A Century of Dishonor, 1881
Helen Hunt Jackson
“But every difference of opinion is
not a difference of principle…We
are all Republicans, we are all
Federalists.” These words were
spoken by _____________ in his first
inaugural address and after the
nation’s first peaceful transfer of
power from one party to another.
28
Thomas Jefferson
“This, then, is held to be the duty of the man
of Wealth: First, to set an example of modest,
unostentatious living… to provide moderately
for the legitimate wants of those dependent
upon him; and after doing so to consider all
surplus revenues which come to him simply
as trust funds, which he is called upon to
administer…in the manner which, in his
judgment, is best calculated to produce the
most beneficial result for the community.”
This is __________________ explaining his
Gospel
of
Wealth
29
Andrew Carnegie
“It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too
often bend the acts of government to their selfish
purposes…every man is equally entitled to
protection by law; but when the laws undertake to
add to these natural and just advantages artificial
distinctions, to grant titles, gratuities, and exclusive
privileges, to make the rich richer and the potent
more powerful, the humble members of society-the
farmers, mechanics, and laborers-who have neither
the time nor the means of securing like favors to
themselves, have a right to complain.” This is from
Andrew Jackson explaining his 1832 veto of
____________________.
30
Bank of the US
Terms & Concepts
As the principles of liberty and
democracy rose in importance to the
rebelling colonists, American society
gradually came to promote the idea
that women needed to clearly
understand and embrace these
values, so that they could be
transmitted to children. This
explains the concept of
_____________________.
31
Republican Motherhood
The _____________ was a
religious revival
movement in the 1730s
and 1740s symbolized by
preachers like Jonathan
Edwards and George
Whitefield.
32
Great Awakening
______________ is the economic
theory that the prosperity of a nation
depends upon its supply of capital
(represented by gold). The amount of
capital is best increased with large
exports and low imports. This suggests
that the government should advance
these goals by playing an active,
protectionist role in the economy
33
Mercantilism
______________ embodied the
vision, popular in the 19th century,
of a social order based on different
roles for men and women. The
political and economic world
would be controlled by men.
Women would be supreme in
domestic life.
34
Spheres of Influence/Cult
of Domesticity
1) The Americas should be closed to future
European colonization and free from
European interference.
2) The United States' intended to stay
neutral in European wars.
3) The US would consider any new
colonies or interference with independent
countries in the Americas as hostile acts
toward the United States.
This is the ____________________.
35
A ___________________ is a
judicial order to a prison official
ordering that an inmate be brought
to the court so it can be
determined whether or not that
person is imprisoned lawfully and
whether or not he should be
released from custody. Lincoln
suspended this civil liberty during
the Civil War.
36
Habeas Corpus
_____________ describes
British policy toward
colonial America in the
years before 1763. It is
marked by a large degree
of colonial autonomy and
British non-interference.
37
Salutary Neglect
French and Indian War ended it!!
The term ____________ refers to the
so-called right of a state to refuse to
obey a federal law that is
unconstitutional. This concept was
explained in the Virginia and
Kentucky Resolutions.
38
Nullification
A system of government in which
states are loosely aligned and
retain their sovereignty is known
as a _____________.
39
Confederation
___________________ refers to
the method of letting the people
of a territory decide whether to
allow slavery or not. Its use was
an attempt to remove the
controversial issue from congress.
40
Popular Sovereignty
Laws
The ____________,
restricting colonial trade
were based on the theory
of mercantilism. They
required colonists to sell
to and buy from Britain.
41
Navigation Acts
Passed in 1798 and signed
by John Adams, the
____________ Acts made it
a crime to publish "false,
scandalous, and malicious
writing" against the
government or its officials.
412
Alien and Sedition Acts
Passed in 1854, the
________________ act
repealed the MO
Compromise and allowed
the potential expansion of
slavery into new territories.
43
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Pacific Railway Act of
1862 gave land grants in the
Western United States to the
Union Pacific Railroad and
Central Pacific Railroad to
construct a
___________________.
44
Transcontinental Railroad
Andrew Johnson was
impeached because he
violated the
______________ Act
when he fired Secretary
of War Stanton.
45
Tenure of Office Act
In 1830, the _______________ Act
authorized the federal
government to push the five
civilized tribes west of the
Mississippi River.
46
Indian Removal Act
In 1807, Jefferson encouraged
congress to pass the
____________ Act which forbade
American ships to sail into any
foreign port, thereby cutting off
US international trade.
47
Embargo Act
Under the Articles of
Confederation, Congress passed
the ____________ of 1787 which
created the process by which new
states could be added to the
union.
48
Northwest Ordinance
The ______________ Act of 1867
divided the confederacy into five
military districts and invalidated
Johnson's reconstruction.
49
Military
Reconstruction Act
Passed after Garfield’s
assassination, the _____________
Act required many civil servants
to take competency tests and
forbade campaign contributions
from federal workers.
50
Pendleton Act
American Revolution
Britain, heavily in debt,
expected the colonists to pay
a portion of the colonial
defense and administrative
costs. The _________ of
1765 was the first direct
(internal) tax designed to
raise revenue.
51
Stamp Act
In 1766, after much protest the
Stamp Act was repealed. At the
same time, parliament passed the
_______________ which stated its
power to make laws for
Americans in ALL cases.
52
Declaratory Act
In 1767, parliament passed the
Second Revenue Act, better
known as the ____________
duties. It was designed to raise
money through external taxes
(duties paid by merchants) on
imported glass, paint, lead, paper,
and tea.
53
Townshend Act
Tension between Bostonians and
British troops resulted in the socalled _________________ in
1770. British soldiers shot and
killed 5 colonists.
54
Boston Massacre
After the 1773 Boston Tea Party,
parliament passed the _________
Acts which included:
Boston Harbor being closed until
the tea was paid for and
Massachusetts's charter being
revoked resulting in a less
democratic government.
55
Coercive Acts/Intolerable
Acts
In response, the First
_______________ met in 1774. It
included delegates from 12
colonies.
56
Continental Congress
In 1774, the colonists formed the
Continental Association which
was a complete __________ of
British goods.
57
Boycott/Non-importation
In 1775 in ____________,
Massachusetts, the “shot heard
around the world” was fired upon
American minutemen, starting
the War for Independence.
58
Lexington/Concord
In 1775, the Second Continental
Congress met in Philadelphia and
hired _____________ as
commander-in-chief of the
Continental Army.
59
George Washington
on Roids
In January of 1776, Thomas Paine
published ______________ which
helped colonists break their
emotional ties to the King by
criticizing monarchy. It sold
more than 100,000 copies in 3
months
60
Common Sense????
Wars & Battles
The _____________ War was
provoked by the United States as
a way to gain valuable territory,
especially California.
61
Mexican-American War
Perhaps the pivotal moment of
the Civil War was the Battle of
_____________ culminating in
Picket’s failed charge.
62
Gettysburg
The Treaty of ________ was
signed in 1814, ending the War of
1812 and restoring the status quo
antebellum.
63
Treaty of Ghent
The 1781 Battle of ___________
resulted in Cornwallis’ surrender
and proved to be the final major
battle of the War for
Independence
64
Yorktown
As a result of the French and
Indian War (1754-1763),
_________ lost its North
American territory.
65
France
King __________ War of 1675
represented an early Native
American attempt to resist
European subjugation.
66
King Philips War
The Battle of ______________
ironically occurred post-treaty in
1815. It made Andrew Jackson a
hero and was a rallying point for
American nationalism.
67
Battle of New Orleans
_____________ and the Prophet,
two Native American brothers,
provoked suspicions that Britain
was supplying Indians with arms
in 1812.
68
Tecumseh
The Civil War began in the year
1861 at ____ ______ and ended in
1865 with Lee’s surrender to Grant
at Appomattox Courthouse.
69
Fort Sumter
American anger over the XYZ
affair and inference with
American shipping led to the
quasi-war with _________ from
1798-1800.
70
France
People
_________________ was a
reformer who sought to improve
conditions for the mentally ill.
71
Dorothia Dix
Best known for his March to the
Sea, ______________ used total
war tactics to cripple the South
during the Civil War.
72
Gen. Sherman
As Chief Justice of the US
Supreme Court (1801-1835),
_______________ was influential
in establishing the power of the
federal government.
73
John Marshall
_________________, boss of the
Tammany Hall political machine,
is best known as a symbol of
corruption.
74
Boss Tweed
___________ ________ has been
called “the darling of the
Enlightenment an era known for
its glorification of science.
75
Benny Franklin
__________________’s novel
Uncle Tom’s Cabin increased
abolitionist sentiment among
many of its readers.
76
Harriet Beecher Stowe
_________________ created the
Standard Oil Trust, mastering a
method of consolidation that
would dominate American
business in the late 1800s.
77
John D. Rockefeller
In establishing his colony,
_________________ hoped to
provide a haven for Quakers. He
also sought better relations with
the Indians.
78
William Penn
_______________ was the last
Federalist to serve as President.
79
John Adams
__________________ is known as
both the victim of a beating and
as a leading “Radical
Republican” during
Reconstruction.
80
Charles Sumner