Transcript Slide 1

An Over View of British Columbia
Lands Information
Vancouver GIS Users Group
Presented by Rosa Munzer
November 12, 2008
Land ownership in BC
• Private (non-Aboriginal) registered in ALTOS
– fee-owned
– strata
• Crown
– Federal (Dominion)
– Provincial government (registered in ILRR)
– Local government (individual data sets)
• Aboriginal registered with Indian & Northern Affairs
– Indian Reserves and traditional territories subject to the
treaty process.
– Purchase of private land to add to reserve
Private Land
• The Land Title and Survey Authority (LTSA) administers the
private land registry using the Torrens System.
– Title to land depends on registration.
– Te prospective buyer can rely on the register, the accuracy of which is
guaranteed by the state and backed by an assurance fund.
– It eliminates the need to research the chain of title.
• ALTOS is a register of documents (imaged) and has no spatial
data
– Access is through BC Online https://www.bconline.gov.bc.ca/
– The act of registering a title in ALTOS creates the land interest
and each interest is assigned a unique identifier referred to as a
PID.
• The LTSA also has statutory authority for approving all Crown
land Survey parcels (the Surveyor General) and for
registering private land survey plans (Director of Land Titles).
• Private ownership of the surface does not generally include
subsurface mineral rights. Privately owned subsurface is also
registered in ALTOS.
Crown Land
• 94% land is BC is owned by the Crown
• Temporary occupation of Crown land for some purpose is
referred to as “land tenure”
– This concept was introduced in the colonial era through
leasing (renting).
– There are over 270 different types of tenures issued (Land
Act, forests, subsurface, oil & gas, water, easements, etc.)
• In most cases, the Crown retains some or all the
subsurface rights on privately owned land. The subsurface
mineral and placer can be acquired as tenures.
• The Integrated land and Resource Registry is a web
enabled register of legal interests, rights, designations,
and administrative boundaries on Crown land.
http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/irp/ILRR.htm
Crown Land Tenure - Rights Granting Life Cycle
Queries
and
reports
Access
INTEGRATED LAND AND RESOURCE REGISTER
Register or
update “request”
Record
request
Receipt and review
application / request
Register the right or
interest in ILRR
Record
Issue right or interest
Update right or
interest
Record
Rights maintenance
ACTIVITIES
Rights Granting Ministry or Agency
• Determine interests and
encumbrances
• Evaluation
• Status / Adjudication
• Clearance
• Referral
• Negotiate
• Stake
• Assess
• Notation of Interest
• Agreement in Principle
• Designation
• Permit
• Licence / Lease
• Grant
• Free hold (private)
• Record a claim
• Restriction / Encumbrance
• Right of Way /Easement
• Administrative boundary
• Treaty settlement lands
• Designate archaeological site
• Update
• interest
• interest holder
• parcel information
• ownership (Crown / or
private)
• restriction / condition
• term
• status
• Record work
• Enforcement / Compliance
• Terminate / Cancel / Expire
Rights of Way (ROW)& Easements
• Normally used to authorize linear uses of Crown land for
transportation, communication, energy production and
utility developments.
• The tenure holder is granted legal right of passage over
the land for a specific purpose
• Statutory ROW are issued for so long as required
• A common misconception is that a utility, such as BC
Hydro, owns the land under its transmission and
distribution lines
• When land is subdivided an easement is registered on
title to provide access across privately owned land
(charge on title)
• Since ROW holders need to advise land holders about
access and or work identifying and maintaining ownership
and supporting GIS data is a key challenge
Complexity of Statusing Right of Way
Intersecting ROW.
Linear corridors intersecting parcels registered in multiple registries (Land
Titles, Crown lands, Indian Registers) with constant ownership changes.
Parcel fabric continually changing (subdivisions, consolidations, disposition
of Crown land etc).
Unsurveyed Crown
No process
for notifying
ROW holders
of sales or
subdivisions.
Multiple
circuits in a
ROW.
Land PIN/SID
36822581
Survey Parcel
ROW 90022005
Survey Parcel ROW 90022029
Private
Land PID
005039312
SID: 1328940
SECTION 5, RANGE 7,
SEYMOUR DISTRICT
Status: ACT
LTO PID: 004397614
ROW Data Hierarchy
To Status Land Users Must Consider
• Legal decisions/statutes/precedents
• Time-lines impact interpretation (i.e. over time the
type of rights conferred changed)
• Logical flow (the status at a specific point in time
cannot automatically be applied based on a different
point in time)
• Which land tenures can co-exist on the same parcel
of land and which are in conflict
• Human error at time of recording.
• Human error in interpretation of rights.
• Location, condition and completeness of original
records.
• Location, completeness and accuracy of
electronic records.
Accessing Land Tenure Records
DOCUMENT
NON-DIGITAL (PAPER, LINEN AND MYLAR)
RECORDS
DIGITAL RECORDS
Original Crown
Grants.
Original in Land Titles Branch and duplicate in
Crown lands. Access restricted due to age and
condition of records.
Most available using
GATOR on-line. Fee for
non-government users.
E&N grant and
tenure docs
EN grants are held by CP Rail in Alberta head
office. No access available.
No.
Privately held
lands. Surface
and
Sub-surface
Land Titles offices. Historical records are fragile
and access is restricted. Not all records are
reflected in the electronic system.
Current records (since
1990) available through
BC On-line for a fee.
Crown lands
surface
Crown Lands Registry, MSRM. (Can access
survey plans, official plans and field books).
Gator on-line for search,
Crown grants, etc.
Crown lands
subsurface
Gold Commissioners and Titles Branch (Ministry
of Energy and Mines). Have most current
status.
Integrated Land and
Resource Registry.
Mineral Titles On-line.
Reverted
Crown Grants
•Sub-surface, Gold Commissioners, MEM.
•Grants reverted due to non-payment of tax
Resource Revenue, MEM.
•Reverted surface rights, Crown Lands Registry.
No.
No.
ILLR and Gator on-line.
Scanned Images from GATOR
Scanned Image of Crown
Grant Tracing
Scanned Image
of Crown Grant
Document
http://ilmbwww.gov.bc.ca/irb/gator/
Copy of Plan from
Field book for DL 953s
SDYD
Spatial Data
Challenge
• ICIS provides There is no
single source for all
needed spatial
information
• Everyone depends on
spatial data from multiple
external sources
• Multiple GIS software
systems and map
projections are in use:
– Provincial Gov’t, ERSI
– Utilities, SmallWorld,
– Municipalities, various
GIS Challenges
• The complexity of land information.
• No single source for all information (ICIS provides most
complete source). Some local governments do not have
data due to lack of funds or expertise.
• GIS information is representational (actual location on the
ground defined by survey).
• No single GIS standard for all BC
• Individual creation of polygons using different map bases
and projections over time introduces overlay problems.
• Different levels of government using different GIS
software (ERSI, MicroStation, CAD, SmallWorld) and
standards (accuracy, currency, etc).
• Missing unique identifiers to link information to the related
land parcel
• Different agencies using identifiers for their systems with
no common link to other data sets)
HIGH LEVEL CADASTRAL FABRIC DATA FLOW
REGULATORY
Integrated
Cadastral
Information
Society
BC
Assessment
Forest
Tenure (MOF)
Private
Cadastre
(Land Titles)
INTEGRATED LAND AND
RESOURCE REGISTRY
Administrative
Boundaries
COMMON CADASTRAL FABRIC
(Base Mapping and
Geomatic Services)
(Surveyor General)
(Surveyor General)
(BMGS/SG)
Survey Control
Monuments
MASCOT
CADASTRAL FRAMEWORK
Primary Crown
Cadastre
(TENURE MANAGEMENT)
(OPERATIONAL SYSTEMS)
Mineral, Coal
and Petroleum
Tenure (MEM)
Administrative
Boundaries
(Tenure Related)
(Various regulators)
Land Tenure
Water Tenure
Other Tenure
Land and Resource Data Warehouse
Conduct Research and Acquire Imagery
• Integrated Cadastral Information Society http://www.icisociety.ca/
• BC Online registrations under the Land Title Act, Personal Property Security Act (i.e.
Liens and Security Agreements), and a range of other useful information.
• Integrated Land and Resource Registry (ILRR)
• GeoBC http://www.geobc.gov.bc.ca/
Land and Resource Data Warehouse Information services
–
–
–
–
Data Distribution
Data Discovery
Base Map Online Imagery
iMapBC - spatial viewing access to over 100 datasets in the Land and Resource Data
Warehouse (LRDW) from many different agencies. Add your own lines and text
through the use of markup tools provided in the application. You can also add your
own data.
• GEOBC on Goggle Earth
– layers sourced form the LRDW (Integrated Cadastral Fabric – Lot Lines, Map Grids,
Parks and Protected Areas)which users can copy and paste these layers their own
KML files and publish them to the web.
Integrated Cadastral Information Society
http://www.icisociety.ca/
• Originally incorporated as a not-for-profit society in 2001,
the Integrated Cadastral Information Society (ICIS) is a
partnership of:
– 147 local governments,
– utility companies and
– provincial agencies.
• ICIS vision facilitates collaborative sharing and
integration of spatial data for the economic and
social benefit of British Columbia.
• Members have access to land parcel information in
the data warehouse
– Local Government Parcels
– Standard Parcels
– Assessment Parcels
884,521
665,181
836,568
Local Governments
• Most, but not all, local governments are
members of ICIS. Much of the municipal
data in ICIS is in a non-integrated “as
is” format).
• There is no common data standard for
local governments to create and maintain
or geo-reference data so integration is not
straight forward.
• ICIS has instigated a program to assist
communities.
A quick Summary
First Nations
Individual Band
systems
GeoBC (Integrated Land
Management Bureau
Base Map Information
Base map info (TRIM,
cadastre, orthophotos).
Online store for purchase.
Integrated Land &
Resource Registry
Crown land registry
updated in real time from
issuing agency
operational system (e.g.,
forests, mines, etc.)
Local Gov’ts
Individual systems
with land and
infrastructure info.
Federal Gov’t
Land & infrastructure.
Various depts. e.g.
Indian & Northern Affairs,
National Defense, etc.
ICIS
Utilities
Data sharing warehouse
for members (utilities,
provincial, local gov’t,
associate members)
Infrastructure info. (e.g.
pipelines, power lines
etc.). Rely on others for
base and cadastre
information
BC Assessment
(Value BC)
Assess value or land and
improvement.
Developing Assessment
fabric
Land Titles and
Survey Authority
ALTOS private lands
register. Survey plan
registration. Digital
Survey Plan Program