Transcript Document

Innovation Management
GM0401
5 september
Institute for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (IIE)
School of Business, Economics and Law
University of Gothenburg
Johan Brink
This course
• Formal: 10.15 to 13
– Some lectures will be shorter
• Informal: Read before! Q&A
and Discussions
• 2 Cases (30% final grade)
– Groups: write, presentations and
discussions
– Small groups, 3-4 students + ½
class A&B
– Mandatory case presentations
• Exam (70% final grade)
– Fri 28 October, 8-13, Folkets Hus
• Re-exam
– Sat 10 Dec, 8-14, Folkets Hus
The Structure of MTI
How is this course run?
The Book: The Management of
Technological Innovation; Dodgeson,
Gann and Salter
MTI is structured through three dimensions:
1. What are the overall context and forms for
the emergence of technological
innovation? (Chapters 1-3)
2. How MTI helps create, shape and deliver
innovation for firm (chapter 4-9).
Approaches, tools & techniques
Not Chapter 8, Innovation in Operations and
Processes
3. What are the future challenges of MTI? 5
future challenges (Chapters 10)
Additional required readings
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Amabile, T. (1998) How to kill creativity, Harvard Business Review, Sep-Oct 77-87
Arthur, B (2007) The structure of Invention, Research Policy 36: 274-287
Bergek et al (2008) Analyzing the functional dynamics of technological innovation systems: a sceme of analysis,
Research policy 37: 407-429
Chesbrough (2003) The era of Open Innovation, MIT Sloan Management review, Spring 35-41
Chesbrough, H and D. Teece, (1996), When Is Virtual Virtuous? Harvard Business Review, Jan-Feb, 65-73
Cooper, R. (2008) Perspective: The stage-gate Idea-to-launch process-update, what´s new, and nextgen
systems, Journal of Product Innovation Management 25:213-232
Courtney, H. et all. (1997) Strategy under uncertainty, Harvard Business Review, Nov-Dec, 67-79
Lam, A. (1997) Embedded Firms, Embedded knowledge, Organization Studies, 18/6 973-996
Lieberman M. and Montgomery, D. (1988) Strategic Management Journal, Vol 9, Issue Special issue Strategy
content research (summer 1988) 41-58
Malerba, F. (2002), Sectoral systems of innovation and production, Research Policy 31 247–264
Olleros, F.-J. (1986) Emerging Industries and the Burnout of Pioneers, Journal of Product innovation
management, Vol.1, pp.5-18
Pavitt, K. (1984) Sectoral patterns of technical change: Towards a taxonomy and a theory, Research Policy,
13:343-373
Rosenbloom, R. and M. Cusumano, (1987) Technological pioneering and the competitive advantage, California
Management Review, Vol 29:4 51-76
Teece, D (1986)Profiting from technological innovation: Implications for integration, collaboration,licensing and
public policy, Research Policy, 15:285-305
Tushman, M. and C. O´Reilly, (1996) Ambidextrous Organizations, California Management Review, Vol 38:4, 8-30
Verganti, R. (2008), Design, Meanings and Radical Innovation: A metamodel and a Research Agenda. Journal of
Product Innovation Management 25:436-456
Lectur
e
1
2
Date
Time
Lecturer
Reading
Main Topic
Mon 5 Sep
10:15-13:00
C24
J Brink
Ch 1:1-24
Wed 7 Sep
10:15-13:00
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Introduction
How is this course run? What are the
key concepts?
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Thu 8 Sep
14:00-16:00
B31
10:15-13:00
C24
Mon 12 Sep
Mon 12 Sep
14:00-16:00
B31
10:15-13:00
C24
Library information A
M Mckelvey
Wed 14 Sep
4
Mon 19 Sep
10:15-13:00
C24
Wed 21 Sep
A10:15R Middel
13:00
B14:15-17:00
IIE Seminar
room
10:15-13:00
R Middel
IIE office
10:15-13:00
J Brink
C24
5
Wed 28 Sep
Technological innovation: What is it?
Why does it matter?
Schumpeter, Technological
trajectories
Library information B
3
Mon 26 Sep
Ch 2: 25-31 + Ch 2:41-53, Ch 3:54-60
Arthur (2007)
J Brink
M Mckelvey
Ch 3: 84-92
Ch 4:116-120
Ch7:217-218
Olleros (1986) +
Rosenbloomm and Cusumano(1987)
Ch 2: 32-41
Ch 3:60-84
Ch:7:202-207
Malerba (2002)
Pavitt (1984)
Bergek et al. (2008)
Diffusion, Systemicness & Standards,
PLC& ILC
Innovation process & innovation
systems
CASE 1 presentation
Presentation feedback
Presentation feedback
Ch:4:94-115, 121-125
Ch7:197-202
Courtney, H. et al. (1997)
Innovation strategy: Firms, what they
do and why
Lecture
Date
Time
Lecturer
Reading
Main Topic
6
Mon 3 Oct
10:15-13:00
C24
J Brink
Ch 6:160-186, 190-196
Ch 7:219-223
Amabile, T. (1998)
Cooper, R. (2008)
Tushman, M. and C. O´Reilly, (1996)
Creativity and R&D management
7
Wed 5 Oct
10:15-13:00
C23
M McKelvey
Networks, Collaboration & Innovation
8
Mon 10 Oct
M Jahnke
9
Wed 12 Oct
10:15-13:00
C22
10:15-13:00
C24
10
Mon 17 Oct
Ch 5: 133-159
Ch 6: 186-190
Chesbrough, H and D. Teece, (1996),
Lam, A. (1997)
Ch 7: 224-234
Verganti (2008)
Ch 9:267-306
Teece, D (1986)
Chesbrough (2003)
Handed out later!!1
Wed 19 Oct
11
Mon 24 Oct
Wed 26 Oct
Fri 28 Oct
Sat 10 Dec
M McKelvey
9.15-12.00
U Petrusson
C22
A10:15M Johansson
13:00
C22
B14:15-17:00
D31
10:15-13:00
J Brink
C24
Design
Information and Appropriability
Intellectual Property and Innovation
Case 2 presentations
Ch 10:307-325
Future challenges
Review
10:15-13:00
C24
8:00.-13.00
No lecture planned (Buffer)
8:0013:0013:00
Re Exam Folkets HUs
Exam Folkets hus
What is Innovation?
...and what is invention?
What is Innovation?
The creation of a new idea and its
reduction to practice and it includes all
the activities required in the
commercialization of new technologies
(Freeman and Soete, 1997)
An 'innovation' is the implementation of a new
or significantly improved product (good or
service), or process, a new marketing method,
or a new organisational method in business
practices, workplace organisation or external
relations. OSLO manual OECD 1997
...and what is invention?
Something new, as a product of
imagination or a device or process
originated after experimentation.
Webster
How others think about
innovation
http://youtu.be/2NK0WR2GtFs
Innovation in research
New to:
• New to the world
• New to the industry
• New to scientific community
• New to the market(place)
• New to the firm
• New to the customer
New what:
• New technology
• New product line
• New product benefits/features
• New product design
• New process
• New service
• New competition
• New customers
• New customer need
• New consumption patterns
• New uses
• New improvements/changes
• New development skills
• New marketing/sales/distribution skills
• New managerial skills
• New learning/experience/knowledge
• New quality/benefits
Innovation in research
New to:
• New to the world
• New to the industry
• New to scientific community
• New to the market(place)
• New to the firm
• New to the customer
OUTCOME &
PROCESS!
New what:
• New technology
• New product line
• New product benefits/features
• New product design
• New process
• New service
• New competition
• New customers
• New customer need
• New consumption patterns
• New uses
• New improvements/changes
• New development skills
• New marketing/sales/distribution skills
• New managerial skills
• New learning/experience/knowledge
• New quality/benefits
Definitions
TECHNOLOGY
?
MANAGEMENT
?
THE MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
?
Definitions
TECHNOLOGY
A replicable artefact with practical application of knowledge in
developing and using it
MANAGEMENT
The strategic and practical approaches to the construction,
development and maintenance of the firm’s sustainable
competitiveness
THE MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
The construction of adequate flexibility and efficiency needed for
conducting the firm’s scientific, technological, organiszational, financial,
and business activities in order to introduce and commercialize a new
product or process
Why study Innovation
Management?
• How has the
smartphone
changed your life?
• What would you do
if it didn´t worked?
• How has it changed
society?
Why study Innovation Management?
Business –
competitivnes
Relative:
Compared to
competitors
Absolute:
There must be a
market for what
the firm does
Changes?
Globalization
Bigger markets -Liberalization
Niches
Shorter product life cycles
New products (<5 Years old) account
for 30% of the profits of US firms
and for high-performing firms account
for nearly half of sales and profits
(Cooper& Edgett, 2007).
Finance markets
Are more likely to be granted credit
and easy access to finance than noninnovators (Czarnitzki & Kraft 2004).
Have higher productivity and
productivity growth than noninnovators (Criscuolo, Martin & Haskel 2003).
Faster!
Percentage change in
employment, 1994-2000
Growth!
Share of new products in sales, 1994-1996
…Innovation and Knowledge
...and Wealth creation/destruction
…High-tech: Growth of
employment and GDP!
High-technology industries grew more than
two-and-a-half times faster than
manufacturing industry as a whole
between 1980 and 2003 (NSB, 2006)
Trade in hi-technology goods (requiring high
level of R&D) doubled in real terms in the
OECD countries between 1994 and 2003
(OECD 2005)
High-technology industries in the USA
increased from 11% of domestic
production in 1980 to 13.5 % in 1990, and
to 34% in 2003 (NSB, 2006)
The return to R&D investment, both social
and private , are consistently assessed to
be high. Mansfield et. Al (1977) found that
the social returns from R&D investment to
be 56 %, and private returns to be 25%
…Low-tech: Structural change
Prosperity & declines!
• Innovative countries and regions
have higher productivity and
income than the less innovative
ones (Fargerberg, 2005).
• Entire industries, such as the
Swiss watch industry, and
geography regions, such as
Silicon Valley in California, can
be invigorated or depressed by
technological change (Saxenian
1994; Utterback 1994).
...and new economic theories
New Growth Theory
Evolutionary economics
”Traditional Neoclasical
Economics” consider
technology as
an ”exogenous” factor
GDP=F(Land, Capital,
Labour)
Monday 12 sep
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Read chapter 1
Read chapter 2: 25-31 + 41-53,
Read chapter 3:54-60
Arthur (2007) The structure of Invention,
Research Policy 36: 274-287