Transcript Basic Description of Wireless ISP System

Basic Description of
Wireless ISP System
MikroTik Wireless Internet Service
Provider Systems
What is WISP ?
 It is fixed wireless service between the
central node and the client
 direct line of sight required
 low power radios and high gain antennas are
used
 It IS NOT a mobile service.
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RF Information
 Broadband Technology
 Spread Spectrum Technology
 Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS)
 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)
 Frequencies for Unlicensed SS
 2400-2483MHz ISM band, or
 5725-5875MHz ISM band
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DS versus FH
 Direct Sequence
 (+) Faster (up to 11 Mbps) and Greater Range
 (+) recently standardization has made this the
lowest cost radio
 Frequency Hopping
 (-) higher cost per radio
 (-) Slower (max 3 Mbps) and Limited Range
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2.4GHz Spread Spectrum
 Channels
 1 to 13 depending on the set
 three non-overlapping ones
 Interference
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Antenna Types
 Directional
 Parabolic
 Yagi or Loop Yagi
 Sectorial
 Horns
 Omnidirectional
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Antenna Polarity
 Omnidirectional and Sectorial Antennas
 Vertical E-Plane
 Directional Antennas
 Vertical or Horizontal E-Plane depending on
the mounting of antenna
 For communicating radios the antennas
should match the polarity
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Mounting of Antennas
 Polarity
 Vertical and Horizontal Alignment
 Safety
 Lightning Strikes
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Cabling Requirements
 High Quality Cables
 Low Loss - LMR-400 / Belden 99xx
 Super Low Loss - LMR-600
 Cable Length - as short as possible
 Recommended 3-5m for omni antennas
 ~10m for directional antennas, depending on
the distances, antenna gains, and radio power
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Cable Connectors
 Standard
 N Connectors (male or female) for antennas
 Proprietary
 RP-TNC Connectors for Aironet Radio
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Using Antenna Calculator
 Distances to be covered
 Cabling Length
 Antenna Gains
 Radio
 Power
 Receive Sensitivity
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WISP Topologies
 Point to point links
 (+) longer distances (max 30-40km)
 (-) higher cost/client
 Point to multipoint links
 (+) serving multiple clients at lower cost/client
 (+) larger area of coverage
 (-) lower range (max 5-12km)
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What can be connected?
 Internet Connectivity
 Client’s LAN to the ISP
 Client LAN uses a Wireless Gateway Router which
connects to the Base Station of the ISP
 Client's Computer to the ISP
 Client’s Computer with a Wireless NIC connects to
the Base Station of the ISP
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What can be connected?
 Intranet Connectivity
 Client’s LAN1 to Client’s LAN2
 Client’s LAN at a remote location uses a Wireless
Router which connects to the Wireless Router at
the main office
 Client's Computer to the Client’s LAN
 Client’s Computer at a remote location connects to
the Wireless Router at the main office
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Wireless Setup Diagrams
 Used conventions
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Base Setup
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Repeater Setup
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Advanced Repeater Setup
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Base Setup with Backbone
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Point-to-Point Setup
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IP Questionnaire
 Type of cable used
 10 Base 2, 10 Base T, 10/100 Mbps?
 If fiber optic - get a transceiver to 10BaseT…
 What IP addresses are used
 what network, network mask? Get one
address for the router as the gateway for the
LAN.
 No addresses used yet.
 Assign a private network, e.g., 192.168….
 Use addresses given by the ISP
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RF Network Configuration
 System Identificator
 Should be unique
 Channel / Frequency
 Should have minimal interference with other
systems
 Data Rates
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Base Unit Configuration
 Connect the Antenna
 Connect the Ethernet Cable
 Connect the RS-232 Console Cable
 Use Terminal Emulation Program on your
Laptop or Desktop PC
 Connect the Power Supply
 Power the unit on
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Basic Configuration
 Configure RF Parameters
 System Identifier
 Frequency
 Data Rates
 Configure the Identification Parameters
 Name
 IP Address / Mask / Default Gateway
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Things to Remember
 Association Restriction
 Maintain a list of controlled nodes
 Turn Autoregistration off
 Passwords for the Unit
 Write - View and Change the Configuration,
perform Diagnostics
 Read - View Configuration
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IP Network Configuration
 Global Addresses
 use routing configuration
 Local Addresses, no server
 use masquerading
 Local Addresses, local server
 use masquerading and NAT
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System Diagnostics
 Check the RF Communication
 Registration/Association
 Signal Strength and Quality
 Link Speed
 Check the IP Configuration
 Network Address/Mask
 Routing, Default Gateway
 Ping, Traceroute
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