

Economical: Cost



Technical: Reliability



Social: Acceptance



Political: Government Policies

Mission Statement

• • • •

The Richard G. Lugar Center for Renewable Energy

(LCRE) is established to address the societal need for clean, affordable and renewable energy sources

research

education and outreach technology transfer sound public policy

Participating Campuses and Schools •

IUPUI, IU Bloomington, IU South Bend

• School of Engineering & Technology (IUPUI) • School of Science (IUPUI, IUB, IUSB) • School of Public and Environmental Affairs (IUPUI, IUB) • School of Medicine (IUPUI) 4

• Center Director: Dr. Andrew Hsu, Professor of Mechanical Engineering. • Associate Director: Dr. Alan Jones, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering. • Associate Director: Ken Richards, Associate Professor of Public and Environmental Affairs, IU Bloomington.

•

Mechanical Engineering

•

Biomedical Engineering

•

Electrical Engineering

•

Physics

•

Chemistry and Chemical Biology

•

Medicine, Yeast and Enzyme

•

Polymer

•

Combustion

•

Computer modeling and multi-scale simulation

•

Biology: energy generating plants

•

Public and Environmental Affairs

6

  • • • • •

Bio-fuel production and applications Environmentally benign usage of renewable/bio-fuels Renewable energy through fuel cell technology Renewable hydrogen (Solar, Reformers) Advanced battery technologies, HEV and PHEV Solar photovoltaic Policy and societal issues

Solar Radiation

Planetary

Other Photovoltaic Solar thermal Wind Waves Biomass/bio-fuel Hydropower

Tidal Geothermal

Hydrogen Fuel Cells Battery

• Find the plants best suited for energy production • Study the differences in resource input and environmental impact for different energy plants • Genetically change the plants so that they can be produced in harsh conditions that will not compete for resources with food production

Biofuel Production

10

11

12

Comparison of Bio-Gasoline with Regular Unleaded Gasoline

30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1 3 5 7 9 11

Carbon Number

13 Bio-Gasoline Regular Unleaded 13

Clean Combustion of Renewable/Synthetic Fuels Future hydrogen-rich renewable and synthetic fuels enable super-efficient combustion engines for power and transport.

The Center conducts research on fuel conversion and utilization from non-petroleum sources, and novel clean combustion and pulsed compressor technologies for aircraft, automobile, and power-generation engines.

14

Direct Methanol/ Ethanol Fuel Cell •Renewable •Zero emission •High efficiency Key technologies: •Catalyst •Membranes 15

Highlights in Fuel Cell Research

• • • Fundamental Research of Catalysts and Membranes – Theoretical Modeling – – – Catalysts and Membrane Synthesis Molecular Scale Characterization Electrochemical Characterizations Fuel Cell Fabrication and Testing – – Electrode and Membrane Fabrication Performance, Durability and Impendence Testing Applications – – – Portable Electronics Commercial and Residential Regenerative Fuel Cell System (RFCS) 16

17

Fuel Cell Research

Polymers for Fuel Cell Research CH 2 CH CONH NHCO CH CH 2 N N N N

Co

N N N N NHCO CH CH 2 NHCO CH CH 2

White et al. Nature, 2001

Catalyst Microcapsule • Independent initiation of healing • Automatically continues to completion • Localized healing (only at damage)

rest period

• • • Issues Compatible Chemistries Retains conductivity Resists humidity temperature Demonstrated life extension in model polymers

Maher Rizkalla Matt Rubin Thermovoltaic cells use multiple thermal phonons (heat waves) with non-discrete energy levels to generate electric carriers from all phonons, allowing them to convert waste heat into energy. Calculations support power density of 0.6W/cm 2 at 300K for bi-layer device (shown left). Could reach 60%-80% efficiency 19

   

Integration of renewable energy in larger policy context Economic and financial analysis Lifecycle analysis of energy and environmental impacts Forest and agricultural land use analysis

20

• • • The Richard G. Lugar Center will be a premier research center in the US World leader in selected research areas Prominent influence in the nation attained through both research activities and out reach activities such as organizing and hosting public forums, workshops, and conferences 21

Today ’s Installation

Electricity Customer Genset – made in Indiana System Controller – made in Colorado Paralleling Switchgear – made by several companies outside Indiana Grid 22

Hydrogen Generation and Bio Gasoline

1. Andrew Hsu, Professor of Mechanical Engineering 2. Zhiwei Yang, Visiting Professor, Instrumentation 3. Lihong Huang, Postdoctoral Fellow, Catalysis

Photovotaic Solar Energy

1. Maher Rizkala, Professor of Electrical Engineering 2. Mathew Rubin, IURTC

Distributed Power Generation and Hybrid Vehicles 1. Yaobin Chen, Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Power grid coupling, HEV 2. Steve Rovnyak, Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Power grid coupling 3. Sarah Koskie, Assistant Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Power grid coupling 4. Anwar Sohel, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering. HEV and PHEV

Combustion

•

Razi Nalim, Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering. Clean combustion

•

Siva Krishnan, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering. Clean combustion

Biofuel 1. Mark Goebl, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine. Enzyme and yeast for cellulosic ethanol production 2. Stephen Randall, Professor Biology, Biofuel production 3. Xianzhong Wang, Assistant Professor of Biology. Energy generating plants;

Policy and Economics

•

David McSwane, Professor, School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indianapolis. Policies

•

Ken Richards, Associate Professor, School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Bloomington. Policy and economics of energy and CO2 sequestration.

•

Patricia Fox, Assistant Professor, Engineering and Technology, policy, economics, and Sustainability

29

• • • • • Basic structure for the Center has been set up Good faculty participation Research activities show promising results Outreach programs off to a good start Work remains to be done to reach our goal but we are confident that we will realize our vision 30

• • •

Increase activities in research and outreach Increase manpower:

– attract world’s leading researchers in selected research areas to the center

Establish a physical presence:

– cluster of state of the art labs (near term) – new building (mid to long term) 31

Fuel Cell and Batteries 1. Andrew Hsu, Professor of ME, Fuel Cell Systems (1999) 2. Rongrong Chen, Associate Professor of MET. Electrochemistry, catalysis, fuel cells, batteries (2004) 3. Guofeng Wang, Assistant Professor of ME, Materials (2007) 4. Jian Xie, Assistant Professor of ME, electrochemistry, fuel cell and batteries (2007) 5. Guigui Wang, Assistant Research Professor, polymer membrane synthesis (2007) 6. Dong Xie, Assistant Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Polymer synthesis 7. Kelsey M. Forsythe, Director of Computational Molecular Science Facility; Quantum and molecular simulation of fuel cell catalysis 8. Jeffery Zaleski, Professor of Chemistry. IUB. Macrocycle Catalysts synthesis 9. Hasan Akay, Chancellor’s Professor of Mechanical Engineering. Computer modeling 10.Alan Jones, Assistant Professor of ME, Membrane Durability