Transcript Slide 1

Writing and Reading:
Lesson 4
Grade 6
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Warm up: Homonyms
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Remember: Homonyms are words that
sound alike have different meanings and
different spellings.
Here’s one commonly misspelled set of
homonyms:
Its – Belongs to an it
The dog ate its M&M’s and wanted mine.
It’s – It is
It’s that kind of day when I crave M&M’s.
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Your turn
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The Declaration of Independence draws
strength from the writing, most
of it Thomas Jefferson’s.
The hermit crab finished eating
dog biscuit.
going to be another hot day.
I chose this book because I know
author.
I don’t think
nice to put your finger in
your nose.
funny when she gives people the evil
eye.
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Review
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Creating images while reading is a good
strategy for improving comprehension.
Context clues help you to understand the
meanings of words as they are used in the
text you are reading.
Tell me about the homework assignment
you chose. Did you have fun with it? Did
you share it? What did you learn?
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Today we will continue with
poetry.
One way to think of poems is that they condense
language. Usually, when you try to explain the
meaning of a poem, you must use many more words
of prose (language that is not poetry) than the poet
used in writing the poem.
Poems often use more figurative language, such as
similes and metaphors, than prose writers use.
Poems usually include a lot of language that appeals to
the five senses (sight, sound, touch, taste, smell), so
it’s especially important for the reader to use the
strategy of creating images.
Poems often, but not always, have rhyme patterns.
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Reading Comprehension:
Setting a Purpose for Reading
Sometimes students read simply because their
teachers assign something for them to read.
However, whenever a reader wants to be actively
involved in understanding a text, the first step is to
decide on a purpose, or focus, for the reading.
For our first reading of today’s poem, I’d like you to
think about perspective, or point of view. How does
a person’s understanding of a situation change,
depending on his or her point of view? In addition,
remember to use mental pictures to help you
understand and remember the poem.
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The Blind Men and the
Elephant
by John Godfrey Saxe
It was six men of Indostan,
To learning much inclined,
Who went to see the Elephant
(Though all of them were blind),
That each by observation
Might satisfy his mind.
The First approach'd the Elephant,
And happening to fall
Against his broad and sturdy side,
At once began to bawl:
"God bless me! but the Elephant
Is very like a wall!"
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The Second, feeling of the tusk,
Cried, -"Ho! what have we here
So very round and smooth and sharp?
To me 'tis mighty clear,
This wonder of an Elephant
Is very like a spear!"
The Third approach'd the animal,
And happening to take
The squirming trunk within his hands,
Thus boldly up and spake:
"I see," -quoth he- "the Elephant
Is very like a snake!"
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The Fourth reached out an eager hand,
And felt about the knee:
"What most this wondrous beast is like
Is mighty plain," -quoth he,"'Tis clear enough the Elephant
Is very like a tree!"
The Fifth, who chanced to touch the ear,
Said- "E'en the blindest man
Can tell what this resembles most;
Deny the fact who can,
This marvel of an Elephant
Is very like a fan!"
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The Sixth no sooner had begun
About the beast to grope,
Then, seizing on the swinging tail
That fell within his scope,
"I see," -quoth he,- "the Elephant
Is very like a rope!"
And so these men of Indostan
Disputed loud and long,
Each in his own opinion
Exceeding stiff and strong,
Though each was partly in the right,
And all were in the wrong!
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Perspective
The man who touched the elephant's side thought the elephant
was like
a tree
a wall
a suitcase
a chalkboard
The man who touched the elephant's ear thought the elephant
was like
a cushion
a rug
a newspaper
a fan
The man who touched the elephant's tail thought the elephant
was like
a hose
a snake
a rope
a spear
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. The man who held the elephant's trunk thought
the elephant was like
a snake
a garden hose
a spear
a baton
The man who thought the elephant was like a tree
touched what part of the elephant?
the trunk
the foot
the tusk
the knee
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Reading Comprehension:
Determining Importance
Proficient readers always try to figure out what the
writer thinks is the most important part. In other words,
the reader needs to determine the main idea; sometimes
the main idea is stated, and sometimes it is implied.
Always, the details and examples in the poem or text are
used to support the main idea.
A statement of the main idea is a complete sentence
that tells what the writer is saying about the topic. It is
usually a general truth about life or human nature.
In this poem, the main idea is not about elephants or
the six blind men. The poet ends the final verse with a
comment that can be re-written as a general truth. What
is that truth?
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What is the main idea?
And so these men of Indostan
Disputed loud and long,
Each in his own opinion
Exceeding stiff and strong,
Though each was partly in the right,
And all were in the wrong!
Main idea:
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Rhyme patterns.
Poems often have lines that end with the
same sound; these are called end
rhymes.
When a reader is analyzing end rhyme
patterns, s/he uses a new letter of the
alphabet to label each ending sound.
The next slide shows how a rhyme pattern
can be labeled.
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Rhyme pattern
It was six men of Indostan,
To learning much inclined,
Who went to see the Elephant
(Though all of them were blind),
That each by observation
Might satisfy his mind.
a
b
c
b
d
b
The rhyme pattern is abcbdb, and the three
lines with end rhymes are 2, 4, and 6.
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Your turn
The Second, feeling of the tusk,
Cried, -"Ho! what have we here
So very round and smooth and sharp?
To me ‘tis mighty clear,
This wonder of an Elephant
Is very like a spear!”
Pattern:
Rhyming lines:
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Break
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Vocabulary: Context Clues
We’re going to continue working on
synonyms as context clues. Writers may
include a synonym for an unfamiliar word
in the same sentence or sentences that
surround it.
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Try these.
Brian's project is supposed to oscillate, or swing, back and forth.
In this sentence, the word oscillate means
rest
remain still
never move
swing
My most humiliating day was probably the day that I was mortified
when I looked down and noticed that I had on one black shoe and
one brown shoe.
In this sentence, the word mortified means
humiliated
brave
proud
excited
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There was crazy pandemonium as people were trying to
leave the rock concert.
In this sentence, the word pandemonium means
craziness or chaos
order
peace
silence
The cop knocked the derringer, or gun, away from the
bad guy.
In this sentence, the word derringer means
book
jewelry
gun
hat
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Similes and Metaphors
A simile is a stated comparison.
Example: My sister is like a cow.
A metaphor is an implied (unstated)
comparison.
Example: My sister is a cow.
Writers use these comparisons to make their
writing more interesting and easy to
understand.
Let’s read a passage that has similes and
metaphors.
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Underline the comparisons you
find. Then remember them so you
can answer questions about them.
My friend Travis is a nervous guy. He is like a long-tailed cat in
a room full of rocking chairs! I've known him since preschool. We
were like two peas in a pod back then. That was before the
peanuts incident.
K.T. came to school with a can of peanuts. The first person
she offered to share them with was Travis. K.T. was as pretty as
a pansy, but I didn't like the look on her face. She looked as
sneaky as a fox slipping up on a baby chick.
Travis took the can and unscrewed the lid. Instead of
peanuts, he got a face full of springing snakes! He screamed and
dropped the can. K.T. fell back on a desk, laughing like a hyena.
After that, K.T. picked on Travis a lot. She'd pop balloons
behind his back. She dropped fake spiders on his head. The
teacher said the K.T. must really like Travis to give him so much
attention. I think the teacher was confused.
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How is Travis like a long-tailed cat in a room of
rocking chairs?
He is jumpy.
He looks for some attention.
He purrs loudly.
He worries that his tail will get hurt.
What does it mean to be "like two peas in a pod"?
to love vegetables
to be a lot alike
to be round
to enjoy being in a crowd
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Why did K.T. look as sneaky as a fox?
She planned to play a joke on Travis.
She was pretty as a pansy.
She was sneaking up on a baby chick.
She had a pointy nose and red hair.
How was K.T. like a hyena?
She made sounds like one.
She looked like one.
She played tricks like one.
She smelled like.
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The Writing Process
Can you list the steps of the writing process?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Your writing assignment,
Part 1: Prewriting
Choose a topic:
1) In your opinion, what makes the perfect ice
cream dessert? OR
2) Describe your favorite meal. OR
3) Your own idea of something to describe.
Write a statement (sentence) of your main idea;
remember that this is a general statement, not
a detail.
Make a list of descriptive words or phrases,
examples, and comparisons (similes and
metaphors) that you might use in your draft.
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Your writing assignment, Part
2: Drafting
Use your main idea and your list of ideas
to write your draft.
Be sure to include sensory language to
help create images in the reader’s mind.
Include at least two comparisons (similes
and/or metaphors).
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Submitting Your Homework
Please email your homework to the
following address within the next four
days:
[email protected]
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You did a wonderful job today!
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