Transcript Regions and Landforms - Pioneer Valley Regional School

5 Regions:
•Northeast
•Southeast
•Midwest
•Southwest
•West
I hear America singing, the varied carols I
hear,
Those of merchants, each one singing his as
it should be blithe and strong.
The carpenter singing his as he measures his
plank or beam,
The mason singing his as he makes ready for
work, or leaves off work,
The boatman singing what belongs to him in
his boat, the deckhand singing on the
steamboat deck,
The shoemaker singing as he sits on his
bench, the hatter singing as he stands.
The wood-cutter's song, the ploughboy's on
his way in the morning, or at noon
intermission or at sundown,
The delicious singing of the mother, or the
young wife at work, or of the girl sewing and
washing,
Each singing what belongs to him or her and
to none else,
The day what belongs to the day - - at night
the party of young fellows, robust, friendly,
Singing with open mouths their strong
melodious songs.
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In your student
packet write the
names and
capitals of the
following
Northeast states:
New England States
Middle Atlantic
States
STATE
CAPITAL
Maine
Augusta
New Hampshire
Concord
Vermont
Montpelier
Massachusetts
Boston
Connecticut
Hartford
Rhode Island
Providence
New York
Albany
Pennsylvania
Harrisburg
New Jersey
Trenton
Delaware
Dover
Maryland
Annapolis
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Color the New England
states one color.
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Color the Middle
Atlantic states another
color.
Resources and
Products of the
Northeast
Grapes are just one of the many products of the
northeast. Grown in vineyards, places where grapevines
are planted, thousands of tons of the large purple berries
are produced each year. Some of the largest vineyards in
the northeast are in New York.
 Another berry grown in the Northeast is the cranberry.
Of the 1,000 cranberry farms in the United States, 500 of
them are in Massachusetts. Most cranberries are grown
in bogs. A bog is an area of soft, wet, spongy ground.
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Resources and
Products of the
Northeast
Another famous Northeast product is maple syrup.
Maple syrup is a sweet liquid made from the sap of sugar
maple trees. Sap is the liquid that circulates through a
plant carrying water and food.
 Minerals are also a resource of the Northeast. Most
rocks, such as granite and marble, are combinations of
minerals. New Hampshire, known as the Granite State,
has many quarries, places where stone is cut, dug, or
blasted out for use in building.
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Northeast
Facts and Information
Thousands of lobsters are caught off the coast of Maine
every year.
 The Statue of Liberty was a gift from the people of
France to the United States in 1884.
 Boston is the largest city in New England.
 The Boardwalk in Atlantic City, New Jersey, is 60 feet
wide and runs along the Atlantic coast for 6 ½ miles. It is
lined with restaurants, hotels, shops and theaters.
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For hundreds of years, the Narragansett
(nair uh GAN sit) lived in what is now the
state of Rhode Island. They hunted, fished,
and grew corn and vegetables for food.
 The Narragansett home was a wigwam, a
cozy hut made of wooden poles and
covered with bark.
 The Narragansett land was divided up into
a number of territories. Each territory had
it’s own chief, or sachem. Sachem means
“ruler.”
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After the Narragansett were forced from
their land in the late 1600’s they scattered.
In 1978, Rhode Island returned about 1,800
acres of land to the Narragansett
reservation.
Some Narragansett live on the reservation
today. Others live throughout the
northeast.
Every August, the Narragansett hold their
Annual Meeting Powwow and Green Corn
Festival on their reservation in Charleston,
Rhode Island.
A powwow is a festival of Native
Americans. The Narragansett’s powwow is
a time for dancing, singing, and renewing
old friendships.
Narragansett People
http://www.narragansett.k12.ri.us/NES/1stgra
detech/Thenarragansetts.htm
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The tumblers of the rapids go white, go gerren
go changing over the gray, the brown, the rocks,
The fight of the water, the stones,
the fight makes a foam laughter
before the last look over the long slide
down the spread of a sheen in the straight fall,
Then the grow, the chutter,
down under the boom and the muffle,
the hoo hoi deep,
the hoo hoi down,
this is Niagara
There's hot corn
And franks.
There's the boardwalk
With lots of games,
With chances
To win or lose.
There's the sun.
Underneath the boardwalk
It's cool,
And the sand is salty.
The beach is
Like a fruitstand of people,
Big and little,
Red and white,
Brown and yellow.
There's the sea
With high green waves.
And after,
There's hot corn
And franks.
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In your student
packet write the
names and
capitals of the
following
Southeast states:
STATE
CAPITAL
Virginia
Richmond
West Virginia
Charleston
Kentucky
Frankfurt
Tennessee
Nashville
North Carolina
Raleigh
South Carolina
Columbia
Georgia
Atlanta
Florida
Tallahassee
Alabama
Montgomery
Arkansas
Little Rock
Mississippi
Jackson
Louisiana
Baton Rouge
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Color the Southeast
states.
Resources and
Products of the
Southeast
Land for farming is a valuable resource. Farming has
been an important industry ever since the first settlers
came to the Southeast.
 Today, major crops of the region are cotton, corn,
peanuts, rice, oranges, and soybeans.
 Citrus fruits such as oranges, limes, lemons, and
grapefruits grow well in Florida.
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Resources and
Products of the
Southeast
Coal is a black fossil fuel that is a nonrenewable
resource. A fossil fuel is a fuel that is formed in the earth
from the remains of plants and animals. Coal is found in
some parts of Appalachia including parts of Kentucky
and West Virginia.
 Trees are another important resource of the southeast.
Some farmers in the southeast grow and harvest trees,
just like other crops. Trees are harvested from the pine
forests of the coastal plains and parts of Appalachia. The
trees are used for lumber or to make furniture. Some
trees are made into pulp, a combination of ground up
wood chips, water, and chemicals. Pulp is used in the
production of paper.
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Southeast
Facts and Information
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The magnolia is a type of flowering tree that grows wild
in the southeast.
Georgia farmers grow 38% of the nations peanuts.
Manatees live along the coast of Florida. They are also
called “sea cows.” Adult manatees are about 10 feet long
and weigh 800 to 1,200 pounds.
Many people visit Charleston, South Carolina to see the
city’s historic buildings.
Space Shuttle missions lift off from the John F. Kennedy
Space Center in Florida.
Hundreds of years ago, the Cherokee made
their homes in the mountains of southern
Appalachia. They lived in villages.
 They grew corn, squash, beans, and other
crops. They trapped rabbits and shot deer with
bow and arrow. They also hunted wild turkeys
and bears. They gathered wild fruits and nuts.
 In the summer, the Cherokee lived in
rectangular houses. In the winter, they lived in
smaller, warmer round huts. Their huts had
thick walls made of clay and poles.
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A Cherokee man named Sequoyah made up an
alphabet for the Cherokee language. He was
one of the few people to ever develop an
alphabet on his own.
After gold was discovered on Cherokee land in
1828, settlers were determined to force
Cherokee off their lands.
In the 1830’s the US government ordered
Native American groups of the region to give
up their land.
American soldiers forced Cherokee families to
move west to what is now Oklahoma.
Forced to walk hundreds of miles without
enough food or warm clothing, thousands of
Cherokee died.
Their journey came to be called the Trail of
Tears.
Everglades National Park
Quiz Southeast Cities
http://www.sfsocialstudies.com/g4/
na/u3/index.html
 Out of The Ashes Article
http://www.sfsocialstudies.com/g4/
na/u3/article.html
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I always like summer
best
you can eat fresh corn
from daddy's garden
and okra
and greens
and cabbage
and lots of
barbecue
and buttermilk
and homemade ice-cream
at the church picnic
and listen to
gospel music
outside
at the church
homecoming
and go to the mountains with
your grandmother
and go barefooted
and be warm
all the time
not only when you go to bed
and sleep.
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In your student
packet write the
names and
capitals of the
following Midwest
states:
Plains States
Great Lakes States
STATE
CAPITAL
North Dakota
Bismarck
South Dakota
Pierre
Nebraska
Lincoln
Kansas
Topeka
Iowa
Des Moines
Missouri
Jefferson City
Minnesota
St. Paul
Wisconsin
Madison
Illinois
Springfield
Michigan
Lansing
Indiana
Indianapolis
Ohio
Columbus
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Color the Plains states
one color.
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Color the Great Lakes
states another color.
Resources and
Products of the
Midwest
Rich soil and a long growing season help make the
Midwest an important agricultural region.
 The Corn Palace is in Mitchell, South Dakota. It was built
to show how important agriculture is in the Midwest.
The palace is redecorated each year with naturally
colored corn and other grains and native grasses.
 Besides corn, soybeans, and wheat many other farm
products come from the Midwest. The region is a leading
hog producer. Corn-fed hogs provide pork and ham.
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Resources and
Products of the
Midwest
Michigan has acres of apple, cherry, peach, and plum
orchards, and fields of blueberries, grapes, and
strawberries.
 Milk and dairy products are also important to
Wisconsin’s economy.
 Some of the nations largest cattle ranches are on the
wide-open spaces of the Great Plains. The grain-fed
cattle of the Midwest provide top quality beef.
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Midwest
Facts and Information
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Thousands of people enjoy sailing on the great lakes
every year.
Nearly half of the corn grown in the United States is
grown in Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.
Sculptor Gutzon Borglum spend more than 14 years
carving the faces of the four US Presidents on Mt.
Rushmore in South Dakota.
The 630-foot Gateway Arch in St. Louis, Missouri, is the
nation’s tallest monument. It is a monument to the spirit
of western pioneers.
The moose is Minnesota’s largest animal. Moose can
grow to be 6 ½ feet high at the shoulder.
The Ojibwa (oh JIB way) lived along the
coast of the Atlantic ocean. Centuries ago,
they moved westward. They settled in what
is the present-say cities of Duluth,
Minnesota; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and Mt.
Pleasant, Michigan.
 The Ojibwa hunted and fished it the region’s
many lakes and rivers. They also gathered
wild rice and berries from the forests,
marshes, and waterways.
 They traveled through the northern Great
Lakes region in canoes made from the bark
of birch trees.
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Like liquid god the wheat-field lies,
A marvel of yellow and russet and green,
That ripples and runs, that floats and flies,
With the subtle shadows, the change, the
sheen,
That play in the golden hair of a girl, A ripple of amber - - a flare
Of light sweeping after - - a curl
In the hollows like swirling feet
Of fairy waltzers, the colors run
To the western sun
Through the deeps of the ripening wheat.
The buffaloes are gone.
And those who saw the
buffaloes are gone
Those who saw the buffaloes by
thousands and how they pawed
the prairie sod
into dust with their hoof, their
great heads down pawing on in a
great
pageant of dusk,
Those who saw the buffaloes are
gone.
And the buffaloes are gone.
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In your student
packet write the
names and
capitals of the
following
Southwest states:
STATE
CAPITAL
Arizona
Phoenix
Texas
Austin
New Mexico
Santa Fe
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
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Color the Southwest
states.
Resources and
Products of the
Southwest
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The oil industry is important to the economy of the
southwest. Oil is a natural resource, and it is
nonrenewable. A nonrenewable resource is one that
cannot be replaced by nature.
Oil comes out of the ground in the form of a thick black
liquid called crude oil. A gusher is an oil well that
produces a large amount of oil.
Technology is another important part of the
Southwestern economy. Arizona factories manufacture
electronic equipment, aircraft, space vehicles, and
missiles.
Companies in New Mexico make computer chips and
computers.
Texas industries make computers, radios, calculators,
and electronic equipment.
Southwest
Facts and Information
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Yellow blossoms of the prickly pear cactus can be seen
throughout the Southwest.
This bowl was made by the Anasazi, a group of Native
American who lived in Arizona and New Mexico long
ago.
The roadrunner, the state bird of New Mexico, prefers
running to flying. It can run as fast as 17 miles per hour.
Astronauts are trained at Johnson Space Center in
Houston ,Texas, for the work they will do in space.
The lighthouse is one of the rock formations in Palo
Duro Canyon In Texas.
A boy below rides a sheep at an Oklahoma rodeo event.
Desert Animals of the
Southwest
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When European explorers came to North
America, the Navajo (NAH vah hoh) lived in
the hot, dry land of the southwest.
The Navajo were mainly hunters and
gathers, but they learned farming, pottery
making, and basket weaving from the
Pueblo, who lived nearby.
The Navajo lived in homes called hogans.
Usually, a hogan had only one room. The
frame of the hogan was made of logs ,
which were covered in a tick layer of soil.
Later, hogans were made of stone, adobe,
or wood.
The door of a hogan would always face
east, toward the rising sun.
The Navajo are now officially called the
Navajo Nation. It is the largest Native
American group in the United States.
 Many Navajo live on the reservation, which
covers parts of Arizona, New Mexico, and
Utah.
 Navajo culture includes many ceremonies.
Some of the ceremonies are for curing
sickness. Others teach the history of the
people and their responsibility to the
Navajo Nation.
 The Navajo respect nature and aim to
“walk in beauty” always.
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Grand Canyon Slide show
http://www.sfsocialstudies.com/g4/
na/u5/index.html
 Plants and Animals of the Grand
Canyon
http://www.sfsocialstudies.com/g4/
na/u5/article.html
 Interactive Map Southwest
States
http://www.learner.org/interactives/
historymap/fifty2.html
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In your student
packet write the
names and
capitals of the
following West
states:
Pacific States
Mountain States
STATE
CAPITAL
Washington
Olympia
Oregon
Salem
California
Sacramento
Alaska
Juneau
Hawaii
Honolulu
Montana
Helena
Idaho
Boise
Wyoming
Cheyenne
Colorado
Denver
Utah
Salt Lake City
Nevada
Carson City
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Color the Pacific States
one color.
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Color the Rocky
Mountain States
another color.
Resources and
Products of the
West
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Apples are one of the many agricultural products of the
West. The eastern part of Washington is famous for the
many types of apples that are grown there. Cherries,
pears, and potatoes are also grown in Washington.
The biggest producer of potatoes in the United States is
Idaho.
California produces a wide variety of fruits, nuts, and
vegetables. Among the fruits grown there are grapes,
strawberries, peaches, plums, and melons.
Some Alaskan crops are barley, oats, hay, and potatoes.
Hawaii’s tropical climate is good for growing sugarcane
and pineapples. Other Hawaiian crops are macadamia
nuts and coffee.
Resources and
Products of the
West
In some western states, livestock are the main source of
income from agriculture. Livestock are animals that are
raised on farms and ranches. Cattle, sheep, and pigs are
examples of livestock. Montana, Idaho, Colorado,
Alaska, Washington, Wyoming, and Utah all include beef
cattle as one of their main sources of income. Milk is
produced in states around the region as well.
 Many states grow flowers, plants, and bushes to be sold
in plant and flower shops.
 The West is also known for its wealth of mineral
resources. Alaska and California produce oil. Coal, gold,
and lead are three minerals mined in Colorado. Gold,
silver, and copper, among other minerals, are mined in
Nevada and Utah.
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Resources and
Products of the
West
The fishing industry is very important to the economy of
some Western states. In Alaska the yearly fish catch is
valued at more than a billion dollars. Workers catch cod,
flounder, salmon, and halibut, among other types of fish.
 Shellfish, such as crab and shrimp, are also important to
Alaska’s economy.
 Hawaii also has a large fishing industry. Swordfish and
tuna are caught off the coast of Hawaii.
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West
Facts and Information
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Sea otters live in the Pacific Ocean off the Northwest
coast of the United States. Sea otters eat and sleep
while floating on their backs.
Most of the pineapples that are grown in the United
States are grown in Hawaii.
The Hoover Dam was built on the Colorado River on the
boarder of Nevada and Arizona. Workers used more than
5 million barrels of concrete to build the dam.
The Golden Gate bridge links San Francisco to Marin
County, California. It is one of the longest suspension
bridges in the world.
Redwood trees grow in California. Redwoods are the
tallest trees in the United States. They can grow to a
height of 350 feet and live to be 2,000 years old.
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The Tlingit (KLINHNG it) are Native Americans who
live along the southeastern coast of Alaska and the
northern coast of British Columbia in Canada.
The Tlingit made good use of resources such as vast
forests, fish, and game. They fished for salmon and
hunted deer and seals. They used large planks of
wood to build large homes.
They lived in these home during the winter. During
the warmer months, they moved to smaller
wooden homes near hunting and fishing grounds.
Tlingit families often placed totem poles outside
their homes and some Tlingit families still follow
this tradition.
A totem pole is a tall post carved with images of
people and animals. They often represent the
history of the family.
One of the most prized Tlingit
products, even today, is the Chilkat
(CHILL kat) blanket. It was
traditionally woven from the dyed
wool of mountain goats and sheep.
 These colorful blankets have
detailed designs of shapes and
animals.
 Just as the totem pole might tell the
story of a family, the design on a
Chilkat blanket tell stories too.

Ghost Town Postcards
http://www.sfsocialstudies.com/g4/
na/u5/article.html
 The Town Too Tough To Die
Article
http://www.sfsocialstudies.com/g4/
na/u6/article.html
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•Link to webpage with each region:
http://www.nashua.edu/novakc/Regions/region.htm